Note: bold page numbers show the page where full information on each Landmark can be found.

  1. abdominal breathing, 1, 2
    1. see also deeper breaths
  2. abdominal mass, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
    1. reducing, 1
  3. abdominal muscles, 1, 2, 3, 4
  4. ability
    1. developing, 1
    2. spiral of ever-reducing, 1, 2
  5. accessory muscles of neck see neck muscles
  6. acid reflux, 1
  7. aerobic energy system, 03, 1
  8. aerobic exercise, 1
  9. airways, 1
    1. smooth muscle, 1
  10. alveoli, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
  11. anaerobic energy system, 1, 2
  12. arm bike, 1
  13. arm movement exercises, 1
  14. autonomic nervous system, 1
  15. awareness of posture, 1
  1. back muscles, 1, 2, 3, 4
  2. back pain and problems, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
    1. de-slumping exercise for people with, 1
  3. back support
    1. choosing best supports, 1
    2. de-slumping exercises, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
    3. recovery position, 1, 2
  4. bending forward, 1
    1. see also forward lean
  5. bike, exercise, 1
  6. blood
    1. carbon dioxide, 1, 2, 3
    2. oxygen see oxygen
  7. body, 1
    1. lower body exercises, 1
    2. upper body exercises, 1
  8. breathing (breath; respiration), 1
    1. closed versus open-mouth, 1
    2. control, 1
    3. depth, 1
    4. exercise and see physical activity
    5. fast rate, 1, 2
    6. lower body mobilisation and, 1
    7. moving/walking and, 1
    8. natural and comfortable, as a habit, 1
    9. oxygen demand/need, 1, 2, 3, 4
    10. pace/speed/timing see pace
    11. problems, 1, 2
      1. see also breathlessness
    12. rating quality in self tests, 1, 2, 3
    13. slumping and, 1
    14. thinking ahead (in exercise), 1
    15. timing and pace, 1
    16. upper body mobilisation and, 1
    17. see also exhalation; inhalation; overbreathing; self-reported quality of breath test
  9. breathing muscles, 1
    1. accessory see neck muscles
  10. breathing techniques, 1, 2
    1. abdominal, 1, 2
    2. combating breathlessness, 1, 2
    3. conventional advice, 1, 2
    4. nasal see nasal breathing
    5. paced see paced breathing
    6. pursed-lip, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16
    7. relaxed, 1
  11. breathlessness, 1
    1. breathing techniques combating, 1, 2
    2. creeping up on you, 1, 2
    3. factors causing/triggering, 1, 2
    4. MRC grading, 1
    5. recovery positions see recovery positions
  12. Brice method (general aspects/introduction to), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
    1. tracking progress, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
  13. bronchi, 1, 2, 3, 4
  14. bronchioles, 1, 2, 3, 4
  1. carbon dioxide, 1, 2
    1. blood, 1, 2, 3
  2. cardiovascular (CV) exercises, 1, 2, 3
  3. chest
    1. anatomy, 1
    2. infections, 1
  4. chronic, definition, 1
  5. closed- vs open-mouth inhalation, 1
  6. comorbid health/medical conditions (=other conditions), 1, 2
  7. confidence, improving, 1
  8. COPD, general introduction, 1
  1. daily (everyday) exercise, 1
    1. record/tracking sheet, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
  2. daily (everyday) life skills, 1
  3. deconditioning, spiral of, 1
  4. deeper breaths, spongy lung visualisation exercise, 1
    1. see also abdominal breathing
  5. de-slumping exercises, 1
  6. diaphragm, 1, 2, 3
    1. in conventional advice on breathing technique, 1
    2. lower body exercises and, 1, 2, 3, 4
    3. moving and breathing and, 1
    4. seated forward lean posture and, 1
    5. slumping and, 1, 2
    6. supported-head seated posture and, 1
  7. diaphragmatic (abdominal) breathing, 1, 2
  8. discomfort see pain and discomfort
  9. disease (health/medical conditions)
    1. comorbid (=other conditions), 1, 2
    2. definition, 1
  10. dizziness (light-headedness), 1
  11. drugs/medicines, 1
  12. dumb waiter exercise, 1
  13. dumbbell, 1, 2
  1. effort, increasing, 1
  2. embarrassment, 1
  3. emotions and breathlessness, 1, 2
  4. energy
    1. aerobic versus anaerobic system, 1
    2. expenditure, 1
  5. environmental factors causing breathlessness, 1
  6. equipment for exercises, 1, 2, 3
  7. erect/upright position or posture (seated), 1, 2
    1. de-slumping, 1, 2, 3
  8. Eric Morecombe exercise, 1
  9. everyday life see daily exercise; daily life skills
  10. exercise(s) see physical activity/exercise; sport
  11. exhalation/expiration (breathing out/outbreath), 1, 2
    1. diaphragmatic breathing and, 1
    2. healthy compared with diseased, 1
    3. muscles of, 1, 2, 3
    4. pursed-lip (=pursed-lip breathing), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16
    5. side punches, 1
    6. techniques, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
    7. walking on the spot, 1
  1. fascia, 1
  2. fear, 1
  3. feedback from patients, 1
  4. forward bending, 1
  5. forward lean (recovery posture)
    1. seated, 1
    2. standing, 1
  6. frustration, 1
  1. gastro-oesophageal reflux (acid reflux), 1
  2. gravity, 1, 2, 3, 4
  1. habit(s)
    1. natural comfortable breathing as, 1
    2. new, for lifetime, 1
  2. hand behind head exercise, 1
  3. head
    1. hand behind head exercise, 1
    2. in slumped position, 1
    3. supported head posture (in recovery), 1
  4. health conditions see disease
  5. heel to bottom exercise, 1, 2
  6. high-knee lift exercises, 1, 2, 3
  7. hills, 1
    1. visualisation exercise, 1
  8. hip
    1. flexors, 1
    2. replacement, 1, 2
  9. holistic approach, 1
  10. hyperventilation see overbreathing
  1. infections, chest, 1
  2. inhalation/inspiration (breathing in/in-breath), 1, 2
    1. closed versus open-mouth, 1
    2. healthy compared with diseased, 1
    3. muscles of, 1, 2, 3
    4. side punches, 1
    5. techniques/training, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
    6. vigorous exercise, 1
    7. walking on the spot, 1
  3. intercostals, 1, 2, 3, 4
  4. Internet advice on breathing techniques, 1
  1. joint
    1. regaining movement, 1
    2. replacement, 1, 2
  1. knee lift exercises, 1, 2, 3
  2. knee replacement, 1, 2
  3. kyphosis (and slumping/slouching), 1
    1. breathing and, 1
    2. de-slumping exercises, 1
  1. landmarks (self-tests), 1, 2, 3, 4
    1. landmark 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
    2. landmark 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
    3. landmark 1, 2
  2. larynx, 1
  3. leaning forward see forward lean
  4. leg exercises, 1
  5. lifestyle and breathlessness, 1
  6. lifetime, new habits for, 1
  7. lifting (in exercise)
    1. against resistance, 1
    2. knees, 1, 2, 3
    3. shoulders, 1
  8. light-headedness, 1
  9. lower body/limb, 1
    1. exercises, 1
    2. muscles, 1, 2
  10. lumbar roll, 1, 2
  11. lungs, 1, 2
    1. function (how they work), 1
    2. healthy compared with diseased (incl. COPD), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
    3. spongy see spongy lungs
    4. structure/anatomy, 1
  12. lymphatic system, 1, 2
  1. medical conditions see disease
  2. Medical Research Council grading of breathlessness, 1
  3. medicines/drugs, 1
  4. mindful, being, 1
  5. mobilisation see movement
  6. mouth-open versus mouth-closed inhalation, 1
  7. movement (parts of body) and mobilisation
    1. joint, regaining, 1
    2. lower body, 1
    3. upper body, 1
  8. movement (whole body) and walking, 1
  9. MRC grading of breathlessness, 1
  10. mucus, 1, 2
  11. muscles
    1. abdominal, 1, 2, 3, 4
    2. back, 1, 2, 3, 4
    3. lower body, 1, 2
    4. smooth, airway, 1
  12. muscles of breathing, 1
    1. accessory see neck muscles
  1. nasal breathing, 1, 2
    1. combating breathlessness, 1
  2. neck, head as yoke around, 1
  3. neck muscles (accessory muscles), 1, 2, 3, 4
    1. closed-mouth breathing, 1
    2. spongy lung visualisation exercise, 1
  1. obstructive, definition, 1
  2. oesophagus, acid reflux from stomach into, 1
  3. online (Internet) advice on breathing techniques, 1
  4. open- vs closed-mouth inhalation, 1
  5. overbreathing (hyperventilation), 1
    1. de-slumping exercises and, 1
    2. with physical activity, 1, 2
    3. pursed-lip breathing, 1
  6. oxygen (blood)
    1. pursed-lip breathing and, 1
    2. saturation, 1, 2
  7. oxygen demand/need, 1, 2, 3, 4
  1. pace (and speed and timing), 1
    1. in exercise, controlling, 1, 2
  2. paced breathing, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
    1. rhythmic, 1
  3. pain and discomfort, 1, 2
    1. back see back pain
  4. panic attacks and breathing, 1, 2, 3
  5. parachute counting, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
  6. patient evaluation, 1
  7. pharmacological treatment, 1
  8. pharynx, 1
  9. physical activity/exercise (in Brice method), 1
    1. aerobic, 1
    2. breathing with increased effort, 1
    3. breathing on the move, 1
    4. daily see daily exercise
    5. effort increase and strength development, 1
    6. equipment, 1, 2, 3
    7. lower body, 1
    8. rhythmic, 1
    9. thinking ahead to breath, 1
    10. upper body, 1
    11. vigorous, 1, 2, 3
    12. see also sport
  10. physical activity/exercise (in general), 1, 2, 3
    1. lack (inactivity), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
    2. overbreathing, 1, 2
    3. pain and, 1, 2
    4. see also sport
  11. physiological capacity testing, 1
  12. posture
    1. exercise bikes, 1, 2, 3
    2. forward-lean see forward lean
    3. self-awareness, 1
    4. treadmill, 1, 2
    5. walking, 1
  13. press-ups, wall, 1
  14. pressure gradient in lungs, 1
  15. progress, tracking/monitoring, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
  16. pulling against resistance, 1
  17. pulmonary, definition, 1
    1. see also lung
  18. punching side-to-side, 1, 2
  19. pursed-lip breathing, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16
  20. pushing against resistance, 1
  1. recline bike, 1
  2. recovery positions
    1. Brice method, 1
    2. conventional, 1
  3. relaxed breathing techniques, 1
  4. residual volume, 1
  5. resistance exercises and equipment, 1, 2
  6. respiration see breathing; exhalation; inhalation
  7. respiratory (chest) infections, 1
  8. respiratory system, anatomy, 1
  9. rhythmic exercise, 1
  10. rhythmic paced breathing, 1
  11. rib(s), muscles between (intercostals), 1, 2, 3, 4
  12. rib cage, 1, 2, 3, 4
    1. exercises affecting (opening/expanding etc.), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15
    2. slumping and, 1, 2, 3
    3. supporting, 1, 2
  13. row exercise
    1. seated, 1
    2. upright, 1
  1. seated/sitting position
    1. erect see erect/upright position
    2. forward-lean posture (in recovery), 1, 2
    3. side punches, 1
    4. standing to or from, 1, 2
    5. supported head posture (in recovery), 1
    6. upper limb movements, 1, 2
  2. self-awareness of posture, 1
  3. self-reported quality of breath test, 1, 2, 3
  4. self tests see landmarks
  5. shallow tidal breathing, 1
  6. shoulders
    1. de-slumped, 1, 2
    2. lift exercise, 1
    3. slumped, 1
  7. side punches, 1, 2
  8. sit stand exercise, 1, 2
    1. see also seated/sitting position
  9. skills for everyday life, 1
  10. slouching, see also kyphosis
  11. slumping see kyphosis
  12. smooth muscle in airways, 1
  13. speed of breath see pace (and speed and timing)
  14. spikey peanut roll, 1, 2, 3
  15. spongy lungs, 1, 2, 3
    1. visualisation exercise, 1
  16. sport (and athletes/participants), 1, 2, 3, 4
    1. physiological capacity testing, 1
  17. ssshh’ing technique in hyperventilation, 1
  18. stairs, 1, 2, 3, 4
  19. standing
    1. de-slumping exercise, 1
    2. sitting to or from, 1, 2
    3. upper limb movements, 1, 2
  20. steps in walking, 1, 2
  21. stirrup pump exercise, 1
  22. stomach, reflux of acid into oesophagus from, 1
  23. straitjacket demonstration, 1
  24. strengthening exercises, 1
  25. strenuous (vigorous) exercise, 1, 2, 3
  26. supported head posture (in recovery), 1
  1. tennis balls in sock, 1, 2, 3
  2. tidal breathing, shallow, 1
  3. tidal volume, 1, 2
  4. timing of breath see pace (and speed and timing)
  5. towel, rolled-up, 1, 2, 3, 4
  6. trachea (windpipe), 1, 2, 3
  7. treadmill, 1
  1. upper body exercises, 1
  2. upright bike, 1
  3. upright posture see erect/upright position
  1. vigorous exercise, 1, 2, 3
  2. visualisation exercises, 1
    1. moving and breathing, 1, 2
    2. spongy lung, 1
  3. vital capacity, 1
  1. walking, 1
    1. mastering breathing and, 1
    2. on the spot, 1, 2
  2. wall press-ups, 1
  3. website (Internet) advice on breathing techniques, 1
  4. windpipe (trachea), 1, 2, 3
  5. wooziness (light-headedness), 1