INDEX

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acarbose (Precose), 534

acemannan, 467

acetaminophen, 830, 837

acetylation, 114, 120–21, 123–24

acetylcholine, 282, 284–86, 288

Achilles reflex, 719

acid, acidity:

   -base values, 92–93, 1021–27

   -blocking drugs, 134–35, 137, 856

   urine and, 473–74

   see also pH

acne, 245–52

   causes of, 245–47

   conventional therapies for, 248

   diet and, 246, 248–49, 251–52

   nutritional supplements and, 247–50, 252

   rosacea and, 948, 951

   selenium for, 250

   therapeutic considerations for, 247–51

   topical treatments for, 250–51

   vitamin A and, 249

   vitamin E for, 250

   zinc for, 249–50

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 253–64

   antioxidants for, 258–60

   botanical medicines for, 260–62, 264

   carnitine for, 259–60

   causes of, 253–54

   diagnosis of, 253–54

   nutritional supplements for, 257–60, 264

   nutrition and, 255–57

   progression of HIV to, 254–58, 260

   therapeutic considerations for, 254–62

acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE), 178

acupressure, 336–37

acupuncture:

   angina and, 309

   asthma and, 336–37

   CTS and, 394

   diabetes and, 541–42

   migraine headaches and, 809

   in naturopathic medicine, 6, 14, 17

   osteoarthritis and, 839

   smoking and, 39

   stroke and, 975

adaptogens, 216

adipokines, 224, 226–27

adiponectin, 512

adrenal glands:

   asthma and, 324

   CFS and, 424–25

   depression and, 483–84

   hypothyroidism and, 717–18

   stress and, 204–5, 208, 213–14

adrogens, decreased levels of, 936

advanced glycation end products (AGEs), 187–88

adventitia, 147

Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study, 42

aesthetic needs, 31

affirmations, positive, 35–37

age, aging, 12, 183–90, 475

   acne and, 248

   AD and, 276–77, 281–88

   anemia and, 293–94, 296

   angina and, 301, 307

   BMD testing and, 849

   and bronchitis and pneumonia, 372

   cancer and, 97, 356–57, 362, 785, 904–6, 910, 916

   cataracts and, 396–97, 400

   causes of, 185

   cells and, 87–88, 185–87

   CHF and, 444–45

   CoQ10 and, 90

   CTS and, 392

   CVD and, 166

   CVI and, 408

   depression and, 277, 282, 285, 486, 488, 498–99

   detoxification and, 119

   DHEA and, 194

   diabetes and, 504, 507–13, 516–17, 523

   diet and, 48, 186–89

   digestion and, 136, 138, 142

   ED and, 570, 572, 578

   endometriosis and, 565–66

   exercise and, 42, 44

   free radicals and, 186–88, 190, 192

   gallstones and, 607

   glaucoma and, 615

   glucosamine and, 829

   glycosylation and, 187–88

   hair loss and, 630–31

   health care statistics and, 12

   heart disease and, 30

   hemorrhoids and, 647

   high BP and, 666, 672, 674–75, 678

   hypercholesterolemia and, 682, 687

   hypothyroidism and, 716

   IBD and, 456–57

   immune system and, 177–79, 192

   infertility and, 724, 726, 731

   insomnia and, 749

   macular degeneration and, 774–79

   menopause and, 781, 783–84, 788, 848

   MS and, 812–13

   and myths and reality of longevity, 184

   obesity and, 231

   oldest living people and, 184

   osteoarthritis and, 827, 829, 835

   osteoporosis and, 844, 855–56, 859–60

   Parkinson’s disease and, 868, 872

   periodontal disease and, 883–84, 886

   positive mental attitude and, 29

   prostate enlargement and, 915

   sarcopenia and, 188

   seborrheic dermatitis and, 954

   sleep and, 45–46, 195

   slowing process of, 188–89, 193–94

   theories on, 185–88, 190

   treatment summary for, 196–97

   vitamin D deficiency and, 78

   see also life extension

Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) Research Group, 397, 777

age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), 774–79

aggression, 709–10

aggression-turned-inward construct, 478

agoraphobia, 313, 316

Agriculture Department, U.S. (USDA), 53–54, 69, 712

airborne allergens, 329

alcohol, 58, 65

   anemia and, 295

   cancer and, 98–100, 103, 357

   in cholestasis, 126

   CVD and, 153

   depression and, 265, 268–72, 484–85

   detoxification and, 121, 268

   ED and, 573

   gout and, 622, 624–26

   hives and, 694, 699

   hypoglycemia and, 267–68, 713–14

   immune system and, 176

   infertility and, 726, 737

   liver and, 126–28, 267–70, 273

   metabolic effects of, 267–68

   osteoporosis and, 846–47, 854

   prostate enlargement and, 917–18

   psoriasis and, 925, 927

   and signs of intoxication, 266–67

   stress management and, 213

alcohol dependence, 265–75

   amino acids and, 269, 272

   antioxidants for, 269

   botanical medicines for, 272–73, 275

   carnitine for, 269

   causes of, 266

   consequences of, 265–66

   definition of, 265

   depression and, 265, 268–72

   EFAs for, 271

   exercise for, 272

   fatty liver and, 267, 269

   glutamine for, 271

   health effects of, 265–66

   hypoglycemia and, 267–68

   intestinal flora and, 272

   kudzu for, 272

   magnesium for, 270–71

   metabolic effects of, 267–68

   milk thistle for, 272–73

   psychosocial aspects of, 271

   selenium for, 269–70

   signs and symptoms of, 265–66

   therapeutic considerations for, 268–73

   vitamin A for, 268–69

   vitamin B1 and, 270–71

   vitamin B6 and, 270

   vitamin C for, 269–70

   zinc for, 268

Alexander technique, 82

alkaloids, alkalinity:

   -acidity of foods, 92–93, 1021–27

   diets and, 625

   osteoarthritis and, 829

   urine and, 473

   see also pH

allergens, airborne, 327

allergies:

   asthma and, 322–29, 331, 334

   canker sores and, 389–90

   chronic candidiasis and, 383

   common cold and, 435

   constipation and, 453

   diet and, 64, 596–98

   ear infections and, 557–58

   eczema and, 582–84

   to food, see food allergies

   glaucoma and, 617

   hay fever and, 635–37

   hives and, 692, 695–96, 698–99

   immune system and, 139, 171, 173, 592, 594–95

   nutritional supplements and, 77, 594, 602–4

   sinus infections and, 957–58

allicin, see garlic

allopathy, see conventional medicine

allopurinol, 625

aloe vera, 772

   asthma and, 336

   diabetes and, 542

   peptic ulcer and, 881

   psoriasis and, 928

   seborrheic dermatitis and, 955

   UC and, 467

alpha-linolenic acid (ALA):

   cancers and, 357, 360–61, 908

   CVD and, 155–56, 166

alpha-lipoic acid (ALA):

   diabetes and, 539, 541

   hepatitis and, 655

   HIV/AIDS and, 259

   male infertility and, 741

   MS and, 817

alpha-tocopherol, 909–11

aluminum, 111, 277, 280–81

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), 276–91, 869

   aluminum and, 277, 280–81

   antioxidants and, 278, 281–82

   arrest of, 281, 287

   causes of, 276–77, 785

   curcumin for, 289

   definition of, 276

   DHEA for, 286

   diagnosis and, 276–79, 285

   diet and, 277–80, 290–91

   estrogen for, 280

   fingerprint patterns in, 278–79

   GBE for, 287–88

   huperzine A for, 288–89

   LAC for, 285–86

   melatonin for, 286–87

   phosphatidylcholine for, 284–85

   prevention of, 277–78, 280–81

   PS for, 285

   risk factors for, 281–82

   signs and symptoms of, 276

   therapeutic considerations for, 278–87

   vitamin B1 for, 282

   vitamin B12 for, 282–83, 285

   zinc for, 282, 284

amalgam restorations, 885

American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 558–59

American Association of Naturopathic Physicians (AANP), 16

American Cancer Society, 56, 62, 107, 754

American College of Chest Physicians, 369

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium), 536

American Heart Association (AHA), 154, 165–66

Amerigel, 542

amines, 140–41, 479, 695, 801–2, 804–5

amino acids:

   alcohol dependence and, 269, 272

   conjugation of, 114, 120–23, 125

   prostate enlargement and, 918

Amish, Old Order, 514

amputations, 503, 524

Amsler grids, 776

amylase, 132

anaerobic metabolism, 314

analytical (adaptive) rumination hypothesis, 479

androgens, 936

anemia, 292–300

   causes of, 292–95

   classifications of, 292–95

   folic acid and, 294–95, 299

   iron and, 293–97, 344

   signs and symptoms of, 292, 294–95

   therapeutic considerations for, 295–299

   vitamin B12 and, 294–95, 297–99

angina, 301–12

   acupuncture for, 309

   antioxidants for, 305–6, 308

   arginine for, 308

   carnitine for, 306–7

   causes of, 301

   CoQ10 for, 307

   hawthorn for, 308

   hypoglycemia and, 711

   intravenous EDTA therapy for, 309–11

   khella for, 308–9

   magnesium for, 307–8

   pantethine for, 306–7

   Prinzmetal’s variant, 301, 307

   relaxation and breathing for, 309

   signs and symptoms of, 301

   therapeutic considerations for, 301–10

angioedema, 692, 700

angiograms, angiography, 166, 409

   angina and, 301–5

   supplements for, 304–5

angioplasty, 166

   angina and, 302–4

   CVI and, 409

   supplements for, 304–5

angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, 542, 675–76

anthocyanosides, 778–79

antibiotics:

   acne and, 247–50

   asthma and, 325

   bladder infections and, 472, 474–75

   bronchitis and, 369

   CD and, 458

   for chlamydia, 735

   chronic candidiasis and, 377, 382, 385

   detoxification and, 123

   diarrhea and, 552–54

   digestion and, 137–38, 141–42, 144

   ear infections and, 557–59, 561

   hives and, 695

   IBD and, 458

   overuse of, 9, 377, 558–59, 957, 967–68

   pneumonia and, 368–69

   side effects of, 247, 377, 382, 385, 986

   sinus infections and, 957, 959

   strep throat and, 967–69

   vaginitis and, 986, 988

antibodies, 380, 633–34, 814, 934–35

   sperm and, 734–35, 739–40

   see also specific immunoglobulins

antidepressants, 479–83, 486, 491, 493–99

   effectiveness of, 481

   folic acid and, 489

   GBE and, 498

   5-HTP and, 493–97

   PMS and, 892, 895

   serotonin and, 481–82

   tricyclic, 489, 493, 495

antifungals, 989

antigens:

   C. albicans and, 380

   food allergies and, 592, 594–95, 597–98

   hives and, 692–95, 698

   see also prostate-specific antigen

antioxidants:

   AD and, 278, 281–82

   alcohol dependence and, 269

   angina and, 305–6, 308

   asthma and, 328–33

   cancers and, 96, 357, 361–63, 909–10

   cataracts and, 396–399

   and cellular approach to health, 85–90

   cervical dysplasia and, 416–17

   CoQ10 and, 90–91

   CVD and, 154, 156–60

   detoxification and, 117, 121, 127–28

   diabetes and, 510, 516, 525–26, 529, 535, 538–39, 542

   health-promoting diet and, 56–57, 60, 62

   hepatitis and, 654–55

   high BP and, 669, 677

   HIV/AIDS and, 258–60

   IBD and, 464–65

   immune system and, 176, 179

   infertility and, 727, 738–43

   life extension and, 190–92, 195

   macular degeneration and, 775–78

   Parkinson’s disease and, 870

   periodontal disease and, 885–86

   during pregnancy, 79–80

   RA and, 933–34, 939–41

   recommendations on, 71–75

   sleep and, 45

antirheumatic drugs, 936–38

antiseptics, 989–90

anxiety, 313–21

   causes of, 313–15

   kava for, 316–19

   lactic acid and, 313, 315

   omega-3 fatty acids for, 316

   signs and symptoms of, 313, 315, 318

   therapeutic considerations for, 315–18

appetite:

   dreaming and, 46

   exercise and, 41

   obesity and, 224–28

   weight management and, 233–34, 238

apple polyphenols (AP), 602, 637

aqueous humor, 615–16, 618

arachidonic acid, 796–98

Arctic root (Rhodiola rosea), 216, 427–28

arginine:

   angina and, 308

   CHF and, 447–48

   CVD and, 155–56

   ED and, 575–76

   herpes and, 661–63

   high BP and, 675

   infertility and, 727–28, 742–43

   in selected foods, 662–63

arjun tree (Terminalia arjuna), 449

arrhythmias, 643–46

   CoQ10 for, 645

   diagnostic considerations for, 644

   diet and, 644

   hawthorn for, 645

   magnesium for, 645

   symptoms of, 643

   therapeutic considerations for, 644–45

arsenic, 111

arteries:

   CVD and, 146–48, 151

   CVI and, 408–11

   structure of, 146–47

   see also coronary arteries; coronary artery disease

arthritis:

   gout and, 622

   IBD and, 462

   nutritional supplements and, 76

   psoriasis and, 923

   statistics on, 11–12

   see also osteoarthritis

ascorbic acid, see vitamin C

ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), 216, 745

Asperger syndrome, 348

aspirin:

   asthma and, 64, 324, 329

   CVD and, 164–65

   dietary alternatives to, 165–66

   hives and, 64, 695–96, 699

   peptic ulcer and, 876–77

   side effects of, 165–66, 178, 876–77

   tension headaches and, 640–41

asthma, 12, 64, 322–39

   acupuncture and acupressure for, 336–37

   adrenal glands and, 324

   airborne allergens in, 327

   aloe vera for, 336

   antioxidants and, 328–33

   autonomic nervous system and, 324

   boswellia for, 336

   capsaicin for, 335

   carotenes for, 332–33

   causes of, 322–25

   C. forskohlii for, 336

   clinical classification of severity of, 323

   diagnostic considerations in, 323

   flavonoids for, 332

   food and, 327–29

   GBE for, 335–36

   influenza vaccine and, 325

   ivy for, 334

   jujube plum for, 335

   licorice for, 334–35

   magnesium for, 333

   major categories of, 322

   mechanisms of, 326

   omega-3 fatty acids for, 329–30

   pertussis vaccine and, 324–25

   salt in, 328

   signs and symptoms of, 322–24, 330–31, 336

   therapeutic considerations for, 325–37

   tylophora for, 335

   vegan diet for, 329

   vitamin B6 for, 330

   vitamin B12 for, 333

   vitamin C for, 330–32

   vitamin D for, 333–34

Astragalus membranaceus, 180

atherosclerosis, 165

   angina and, 301, 305, 309–10

   CHF and, 446

   CVI and, 408–9

   diabetes and, 512, 517, 523

   diet and, 278–79, 775–76

   ED and, 572–73, 575

   hypercholesterolemia and, 680–81, 687

   hypoglycemia and, 711

   obesity and, 220–21, 227

   prevention of, 156–57, 159

   process of, 147

   psoriasis and, 926–27

   risk factors for, 147–49, 152–53, 159–61, 163, 278, 304, 530

   understanding of, 146–49

Atkins Diet, 231–33

atomoxetine (Strattera), 341

atopic dermatitis, see eczema

atorvastatin (Lipitor), 687

atrial fibrillation, 643, 645, 971

atrioventricular (AV) node, 643

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 340–47

   biofeedback for, 345

   causes of, 340–42

   characteristics of, 340

   EFAs and, 343

   environment and, 341–42

   Feingold hypothesis and, 342–43

   food additives and, 342–43

   food allergies and, 344

   GBE for, 345

   grape seed extract for, 344–45

   iron for, 344

   L-theanine for, 345

   magnesium for, 344

   nutrients and, 341, 343–44

   pine bark extract for, 344–45

   sugar and, 343

   therapeutic considerations for, 341–45

   zinc for, 344

autism spectrum disorder (ASD), 348–52

   cause of, 349

   characteristics of, 348

   early and later signs of, 348–49

   forms of, 348

   nutritional supplements and, 350–52

   therapeutic considerations for, 349–51

autoantibodies, 934–35

autoimmune disorders, 503–4, 508–9, 933

azelaic acid (AzA), 251, 952

AZT, 257–59

bacteria, 9

   acne and, 246–48, 250

   detoxification and, 114–16

   digestion and, 132–34, 136–38, 140–45

   hives and, 698

   periodontal disease and, 884–85, 887–88

   probiotics and, 143–44

   RA and, 933–37

   sinus infections and, 957, 959

   strep throat and, 967–70

   see also intestinal flora; specific bacteria

bacterial vaginosis (BV), 985–86, 988–89

Bacteroides vulgatus, 461–62

baker’s yeast, 180–81

balloon angioplasty, 302–3, 409

basal body temperature, 716, 719–20

basal metabolic rate (BMR), 40–41

basophils, 171, 635, 692

   food allergies and, 592, 602

Bastyr University, 5, 15

B cells, 171, 178

Beecher, H. K., 20

behaviors, behaviorial issues, 424

   ADHD and, 340–41, 343

   ASD and, 348–49, 351

   depression and, 479–80, 487

   hypoglycemia and, 709–10

   obesity and, 230

   Parkinson’s disease and, 868, 872

   smoking and, 39

belonging, 31, 33

Benedetti, Fabrizio, 19

benfotiamine, 541

benign prostatic hyperplasia, see prostate enlargement

benign tumors, 95–96

Benson, Herbert, 20–21, 23, 209

benzoates, benzoic acid, 697

benzodiazepines, 317, 319

benzoyl peroxide, 248, 250–51

berberine, 141, 552

   chronic candidiasis and, 380, 385–86

   diarrhea and, 553–55

   plants containing, 380, 385–86

   sinus infections and, 958–59

Bernard, Claude, 8–9

berries, 912, 994

beta-amyloid, 276–77, 279–80, 282, 284, 286, 289

beta-carotene, 157

   AD and, 281–82

   cataracts and, 399

   cervical dysplasia and, 415–16

   HIV/AIDS and, 257

   macular degeneration and, 776–77

   male infertility and, 740

beta cells, 504, 507–8, 510–12, 532, 536

beta-glucans, 180–81

betaine, 824

beta-sitosterol, 918, 921

Bethesda System, 412–13

beverages, 856–57, 1021–22

bicycle seats, 575

bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), 74, 80

   diabetes and, 538–39

   glaucoma and, 617–18

   macular degeneration and, 778–79

bile, bile acids:

   detoxification and, 114–16, 121, 125–28

   digestion and, 132, 140

   gallstones and, 605–12

   importance of flow of, 125–27

   NAFLD and, 823–24

   NASH and, 825

   psoriasis and, 925–26

biofeedback, 345, 809–10

bioflavonoids, see flavonoids

biogenic amine hypothesis, 479

bioidentical hormone therapy, 786

biological needs, 31

biopsies:

   cervical dysplasia and, 413–14, 417

   prostate cancer and, 905, 908

biotin:

   depression and, 487

   diabetes and, 532

   seborrheic dermatitis and, 954

Biskind, Morton, 892

bismuth subcitrate, 137–38, 879

bisphosphonates, 852–55

bitter melon (Momordica charantia), 536

black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa), 790–91

bladder:

   detoxification and, 115

   prostate enlargement and, 915–16, 918–20

bladder infections, 471–77

   chronic interstitial, 471–73

   cranberry for, 473–75

   diagnostic considerations for, 471–72

   goldenseal for, 475–76

   menopause and, 783

   signs and symptoms of, 471–73

   therapeutic considerations for, 472–73

   uva ursi for, 475

blood, bleeding:

   anemia and, 292–96

   aspirin side effects and, 165, 178

   detoxification and, 114–16

   endometriosis and, 565

   GBE and, 410

   hemoglobin and, 293, 506–7, 535

   hemorrhoids and, 647–49

   hepatitis and, 652–54

   nutritional supplements and, 69

   peptic ulcer and, 876–77, 881

   periodontal disease and, 883, 888

   uterine fibroids and, 980

   see also menorrhagia; red blood cells; white blood cells

blood glucose, 45, 129, 213

   acne and, 248–49

   aging and, 187–89

   alcohol and, 267

   and cellular approach to health, 85–86, 88

   charts on, 235

   chromium and, 528–29, 531

   depression and, 485, 487

   diabetes and, 503–7, 510, 512–22, 524–37, 539–41

   digestion and, 141

   GI and, 712

   health-promoting diet and, 49, 54–55, 60

   hypercholesterolemia and, 680–81, 687

   hypoglycemia and, 521–22, 707–13, 715

   IBS and, 759

   immune system and, 175

   influence of mulberry and glyburide treatments on, 535

   insomnia and, 750

   ketoacidosis and, 519–23

   lactic acid and, 314–15

   monitoring of, 517–23

   niacinamide and, 531

   obesity and, 220, 226–27, 234–36

   poor control of, 525

   prediabetes and, 505–6, 514, 517

   reducing after-meal elevations in, 533–35

   SSRIs and, 482

   stabilizing levels of, 487

   urine ketone testing and, 520–21

   vitamin C and, 530

blood pressure:

   classification of, 666–67

   see also high blood pressure

bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis), 888

blood vessels:

   angina and, 301–3, 307–10

   CHF and, 442, 447–48

   diabetes and, 526

   ED and, 572

   hemorrhoids and, 647–48

   migraine headaches and, 800–801, 806, 808–9

   see also arteries; varicose veins

bodily processes, 41

body, calming mind and, 208–9

body mass index (BMI):

   chart on, 223

   obesity and, 222–25, 231–32, 236, 238–39

   risk of disease according to, 223

bodywork, 427, 640

   physical care and, 78, 81–82

boils, 353–55

   causes of, 353

   characteristics of, 353

   therapeutic considerations for, 353–54

bone mineral density (BMD) testing, 844, 849–52

bones, bone:

   brittle, 853

   exercise and, 41

   metabolism of, 851, 858

   periodontal disease and, 883–85

   prunes in formation of, 858

   secondary causes of loss of, 848–49

   see also osteoporosis

bonito, 675–76

boric acid, 989–90

boron:

   osteoarthritis and, 836

   osteoporosis and, 846, 857–58

boswellia (Boswellia serrata):

   asthma and, 336

   IBD and, 467

   osteoarthritis and, 837

botanical medicines:

   AD and, 287–89, 291

   alcohol dependence and, 272–73, 275

   angina and, 304, 308–9, 312

   anxiety and, 316–21

   arrhythmias and, 645–46

   asthma and, 334–36, 338

   bladder infections and, 473–77

   boils and, 353–55

   breast cancer and, 365–66

   bronchitis and, 369–71

   canker sores and, 390–91

   cataracts and, 399, 401

   cervical dysplasia and, 418–19

   CFS and, 427–28, 430

   CHF and, 449–50

   common cold and, 437–41

   constipation and, 453–55

   CVI and, 409–10

   depression and, 482, 496–499, 502

   detoxification and, 128–29

   diabetes and, 511–12, 534–39, 541, 545–47

   diarrhea and, 553–56

   ear infections and, 561–64

   eczema and, 584–86

   ED and, 576–78, 581

   endometriosis and, 568–69

   FBD and, 590–91

   gallstones and, 611, 614

   glaucoma and, 617–18, 621

   gout and, 624, 627–29

   hemorrhoids and, 650–51

   hepatitis and, 654–57, 659

   high BP and, 676–79

   HIV/AIDS and, 260–62, 264

   hypercholesterolemia and, 690–91

   hyperthyroidism and, 705

   IBD and, 466–67, 470

   IBS and, 760–61, 763

   immune system and, 172, 180–82

   infertility and, 728–30, 743–47

   insomnia and, 754, 756

   kidney stones and, 772–73

   macular degeneration and, 778–80

   menopause and, 789–95

   menorrhagia and, 798–99

   migraine headaches and, 807–9, 811

   MS and, 819–20

   NAFLD and, 825–26

   in naturopathic medicine, 6, 14

   obesity and, 240

   osteoarthritis and, 836–38, 842–43

   osteoporosis and, 864, 867

   Parkinson’s disease and, 873, 875

   peptic ulcer and, 880–82

   periodontal disease and, 888–89

   PMS and, 899–900, 902

   pneumonia and, 369–71

   prostate cancer and, 913–14

   prostate enlargement and, 918–22

   psoriasis and, 928–29, 931

   RA and, 943–46

   seborrheic dermatitis and, 955

   silent inflammation and, 201, 203

   sinus infections and, 958–59, 961

   SLE and, 979

   sports injuries and, 964–66

   strep throat and, 969–70

   stress management and, 215–16, 218

   stroke and, 973, 975

   uterine fibroids and, 982

   vaginitis and, 990

   varicose veins and, 994–97

bottle blowing, 373

bottle-feeding, 559–60

bowels, bowel:

   constipation and, 453–54

   detoxification and, 115

   prunes and, 454

   psoriasis and, 924–25

   see also inflammatory bowel disease; irritable bowel syndrome

bradycardias, 643

brain:

   AD and, 276–80, 282–88

   ADHD and, 340–41, 343–45

   ASD and, 349–51

   and calming mind and body, 208–9

   CoQ10 and, 90–92

   CVD and, 146

   CVI and, 408–11

   depression and, 479–82, 484, 488–91, 493–96, 498–99

   detoxification and, 117

   diabetes and, 524

   exercise and, 41–42

   health-promoting diet and, 49, 65

   hypoglycemia and, 707, 709

   insomnia and, 749–51

   menopause and, 782–83

   migraine headaches and, 800

   MS and, 814–15

   in normal menstrual cycle, 891

   Parkinson’s disease and, 868–73

   placebo response and, 19–20

   PMS and, 892–93, 895

   positive mental attitude and, 29–30, 34

   sleep and, 44–46

   stroke and, 971–73

bran, 452

BRAT diet, 550–51

breads, 53–54, 62, 1016, 1026

breast cancer, 59, 77, 97–100, 587–89

   causes of, 356–57, 784–85

   comparisons between prostate and, 903–4, 906–8

   detection of, 97, 107, 356–58

   diet and, 356–57, 359–61, 364–66, 588

   exercise and, 357, 359

   FBD and, 587

   flaxseed and, 361

   HRT and, 784–85

   melatonin and, 365

   menopause and, 784–85, 787–88

   nutrition and, 360–61

   prevention of, 356–66, 588, 785, 790, 864

   risk factors and, 98–100, 103–6, 356–60, 362–65, 587

   soy products and, 361–62, 864

   therapeutic considerations for, 358–64

breast-feeding:

   asthma and, 327

   breast cancer and, 357–59

   diabetes and, 508

   ear infections and, 559–60

   eczema and, 583

   vitamin D deficiency and, 78

breasts:

   density of, 357

   PMS and, 890–91, 893–94, 897–99

   self-examination of, 357–58

   see also fibrocystic breast disease

breathing, see respiration, respiratory tract

bright light therapy, 287

bromelain:

   and bronchitis and pneumonia, 371

   PD and, 573–74

   RA and, 943

   sports injuries and, 963–64

   varicose veins and, 996

bronchitis, 12, 367–75, 431

   differentiating between pneumonia and, 367–68

   expectorants for, 369–71, 374–75

   mucolytics for, 371, 375

   postural draining for, 373–74

   signs and symptoms of, 367

   therapeutic considerations for, 369–74

brown fat, 228

buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), 609, 994

bulimia, 229

bulking agents, 649

Burkitt, Denis, 50

bursitis, 962–63

   see also sports, sports injuries

buspirone, 317

butcher’s broom (Ruscus aculeatus), 650, 996

butterbur (Petasides hybridus), 809

butylated hydroxyanisol (BHA), 697

butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 697

3-n-butylphthalide (3nB), 279–80, 628, 669

cabbage, 878–79

cadmium, 111

caffeine:

   anxiety and, 313, 315

   CFS and, 425–26

   depression and, 485

   detoxification and, 117, 125

   endometriosis and, 567

   FBD and, 587

   female infertility and, 726

   glaucoma and, 619–20

   high BP and, 667, 672

   insomnia and, 750

   stress management and, 212–13

cakes, 1015

calcidiol, 846, 848

calcitonin, 848, 852, 854

calcitriol, 846, 848, 857

calcium:

   high BP and, 666–67, 669, 674

   kidney stones and, 764–69, 771–73

   osteoporosis and, 845–46, 855–61, 864

   PMS and, 897

calcium D-glucarate, 365

Calment, Jeanne Louise, 184

calories, 102, 189, 200

   Atkins Diet and, 231–33

   gallstones and, 610

   health-promoting diet and, 48–49, 51–52, 54, 62, 67

   obesity and, 226–34, 236, 238–41

   restriction of, 188, 193, 238, 610

calprotectin, 467

Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 15, 964

Canadian National Breast Screening Study 2, 358

cancer, 608–10

   AIDS and, 253

   celiac disease and, 403

   cells and, 87, 95–96, 412–13

   cervical dysplasia and, 412–17

   in children, 61, 97

   detection of, 97, 101–7, 356–58

   detoxification and, 115–19, 121

   diet and, 48–50, 52–54, 56–64, 95–97, 99–105, 356–57, 359–61, 364–66, 588, 904, 906–8, 911

   gallstones and, 608, 610

   immune system and, 96, 100, 169–72

   liver and, 652, 654–56

   nutritional supplements and, 73–78, 102–6, 361–66, 906, 908–13

   obesity and, 98–99, 102, 221–22

   placebo response and, 18–19

   positive mental attitude and, 30, 37

   prevention of, 30, 57, 95–108, 119, 159, 190–91, 193, 356–66, 588, 785, 790, 864, 903–14

   risk factors and, 30, 39, 95–106, 176, 190, 221, 356–60, 362–65, 587

   sleeping pills and, 754–55

   smoking and, 39, 96–97, 99, 101, 106, 117, 357

   statistics on, 11–12, 95–106

   toxins and, 107, 112

   see also specific cancers

Cancer Causes and Control, 56

Cancer Prevention Studies, 754–55

Candida albicans, 376–88

   diarrhea and, 552–53

   digestion and, 132, 136, 140–41, 143–44

   eczema and, 583

   hives and, 698

   laboratory confirmation of presence of, 380–81

   liver injury and, 384

   natural agents for, 385–87

   nutrients for, 381

   predisposing factors to overgrowth by, 377

   psoriasis and, 924

   vaginitis and, 984–85, 987–90

candidiasis, chronic, 9, 376–88

   causes of, 377

   detoxification and, 383–85

   diagnostic considerations for, 380

   diet for, 381

   elimination and, 384–85

   enteric-coated volatile oils for, 386

   garlic for, 386

   immune system and, 376–77, 381–82, 384–85, 387

   lipotropic agents for, 384

   natural antiyeast agents for, 385–87

   probiotics for, 385

   profile of patient with, 376–77

   propolis for, 387

   signs and symptoms of, 376–80, 382

   tea tree oil for, 386–87

   therapeutic considerations for, 380–87

   vicious cycle of, 383

candidiasis questionnaire, 378–80

canker sores:

   causes of, 389–90

   characteristics of, 389

   nutrition and, 389–90

   therapeutic considerations for, 390–91

capsaicin:

   asthma and, 335

   diabetes and, 541

   psoriasis and, 928–29

caraway oil, 138

carbohydrates:

   acne and, 248–49

   Atkins Diet and, 231–33

   complex, 52, 712

   diabetes and, 503, 514–15, 527, 534

   gout and, 626

   health-promoting diet and, 52–53, 60

   high BP and, 669

   hypoglycemia and, 523, 709–12

   IBS and, 759

   kidney stones and, 767

   obesity and, 228–29, 231–33, 236, 238

   PMS and, 893–94, 898

   prediabetes and, 505

   refined, 53, 190, 213, 514–15, 709, 711–12

   of selected food, 1013–20

   simple, 60, 711–12

   stress management and, 213

cardiovascular disease (CVD), 146–68

   alcohol dependence and, 270–71

   antioxidants and, 154, 156–60

   atherosclerosis and, 146–49

   cholesterol and, 146, 148–62

   coping strategies and, 162–63

   diabetes and, 152–53, 503–4, 533

   diet and, 153–57, 159, 161, 163, 165–68

   fibrinogen and, 150–51, 153, 156, 161–62

   grape seed extract and, 160

   homocysteine and, 155, 160–62

   hypercholesterolemia and, 682, 687

   and magnesium and potassium deficiency, 163–64

   and nuts and seeds, 155–56

   obesity and, 221–22

   olive oil and, 154

   pine bark extract and, 160

   platelet aggregation and, 151, 155, 158, 160–61

   prediabetes and, 505

   prevention of, 153–61, 163–66

   red wine and, 154, 156

   risk factors for, 147–53, 155–57, 159–64, 188, 198–99, 224, 688

   silent inflammation and, 198–99

   type A personality and, 162

   vitamin C and, 157–60

   vitamin D deficiency in, 164

   vitamin E and, 157–60

cardiovascular health:

   clinical evaluation of, 149

   exercise and, 40–43

   positive mental attitude and, 30, 37

cardiovascular system:

   attitude and, 30

   hypothyroidism and, 717

   parts and functions of, 146

   stress and, 204–5

carnitine, 91

   alcohol dependence and, 269

   angina and, 306–7

   CFS and, 427

   CHF and, 443, 445

   HIV/AIDS and, 259–60

   hyperthyroidism and, 704–5

   immune system and, 176

   infertility and, 727, 741–42

   NAFLD and, 824–25

carnosine, 351, 879–80

carob powder, 551

carotenes:

   asthma and, 332–33

   food sources of, 57, 777

   immune system and, 176, 179, 192

   life extension and, 191–92

   macular degeneration and, 776–78

   see also beta-carotene

carotid endarterectomy, 409

carpal tunnel, cross section of, 393

carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), 392–95

   alternating hot and cold water treatment for, 393

   causes of, 392

   signs and symptoms of, 392–93

   therapeutic considerations for, 392–94

carrageenan, 461–62

Carrel, Alexis, 185

cartilage:

   glucosamine and, 829–32, 835

   osteoarthritis and, 9–10, 827–28, 830–31, 834–36

   RA and, 932–33, 936–37

cascara sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana), 453–54

cataracts, 396–401

   antioxidants and, 396–99

   beta-carotene for, 399

   BH4 for, 399

   causes of, 396

   cysteine for, 399

   flavonoids and, 399, 540

   glutathione and, 396, 398–99

   heavy metals and, 400

   lutein and, 396–97

   selenium and, 396, 398

   signs and symptoms of, 396

   SOD and, 396, 398

   vitamin A and, 396–97, 399

   vitamin B2 for, 399

   vitamin C and, 396–98

   vitamin E and, 396–99

   zinc and, 398–99

Cathcart, Robert, 654

cayenne pepper, see capsaicin

CD4 counts, 253–55, 257–62

Celadrin, 394, 838–39

celery, celery seed extract, 279, 628, 669

celiac disease, 402–7

   causes of, 402–3

   diabetes and, 508

   diet and, 402–6

   hair loss and, 634

   mortality risk and, 402–3

   pancreatic enzymes for, 405–6

   symptoms of, 402, 405, 549, 634

   therapeutic considerations for, 403–5

cell membranes:

   CVD and, 153–54

   homeostasis and, 85–86

cells:

   aging and, 87–88, 185–87

   and approaches to health, 85–94

   cancer and, 87, 95–96, 412–13

   immune system and, 170–71, 177, 179–81

   life extension and, 186, 190, 193

   see also specific types of cells

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 64, 341–42, 905

   on CFS, 420–21

   on EMS, 492–93

central sleep apnea, 749

ceramides, 929

cereals, 53–54, 1014–15

cerebral vascular insufficiency (CVI), 408–11

   botanical medicines for, 409–10

   carotid endarterectomy for, 409

   diagnostic considerations for, 408–9

   signs and symptoms of, 408–9

   therapeutic considerations for, 409–10

Cernilton, 918, 920–21

cervical dysplasia, 412–19

   beta-carotene for, 415–16

   causes of, 413–14

   diagnosis of, 412

   diet and, 415–16, 419

   DIM for, 417–18

   folic acid for, 416–17

   green tea extract for, 418

   I3C for, 417

   Pap smears and, 412–18

   risk factors for, 413–15, 417

   selenium for, 416

   therapeutic considerations for, 414–18

   vitamin A for, 415–16

   vitamin C and, 414–16

cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 413, 415–17

chasteberry (Vitex agnus-castus):

   endometriosis and, 568

   FBD and, 590

   female infertility and, 728–29

   menorrhagia and, 798

   PMS and, 899

chemicals:

   chronic candidiasis and, 383–84

   detoxification and, 113–14, 116–17, 121, 123–25, 128–29

   digestion and, 131

   gallstones and, 611–12

   immune system and, 171–72

   infertility and, 726, 736

   MCS and, 422

   toxic, 110, 112–13, 116, 121, 128–29

cherries, 627–28

childbearing, later, 357

Childers, Norman, 829

children, childhood:

   acne and, 245–46, 250

   ADHD and, 340–45

   ASD and, 348–51

   asthma and, 322–28, 330–31, 333–34

   bone growth and, 856–57, 861

   bronchitis and, 370

   cancer and, 61, 97

   celiac disease and, 402, 508

   constipation and, 452–53

   decline in exercise among, 152

   diabetes and, 504, 507–13, 527

   diarrhea and, 548–51, 553

   ear infections and, 557–62

   eczema and, 583–84

   food allergies and, 593

   health-promoting diet and, 59, 61, 64

   hives and, 694, 696, 698

   IBD and, 467–68

   nutritional supplements and, 71–75, 77

   obesity and, 220, 225

   playing with, 37

   pneumonia and, 368, 372

   progeria and, 186, 194

   soft drink consumption of, 856–57

   strep throat and, 967–68

   toxins and, 111

Chinese ginseng (Panax ginseng):

   diabetes and, 537

   ED and, 577

   male infertility and, 743

   stress management and, 215–16

chiropractic, 640

chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis):

   infertility and, 735

   vaginitis and, 985–89

chlorophyll, 295, 797

cholera, 8, 554

choleretics, 611

cholestasis, 125–27, 892

cholesterol, 24, 269, 301

   aging and, 187

   angina and, 306–8

   and cellular approach to health, 86

   chromium and, 529

   CoQ10 and, 88–90

   CVD and, 146, 148–62

   detoxification and, 114–15

   diabetes and, 525–29, 533–35, 537, 539–40

   dietary, 683–84

   ED and, 572

   elevated levels of, 151–52, 539–40, 971

   exercise and, 41

   gallstones and, 605–11

   health-promoting diet and, 62–63, 67

   high-density lipoprotein (HDL), 149–52, 154–55, 159–60, 162, 680–81, 685, 687–88, 690–91

   immune system and, 176

   low-density lipoprotein (LDL), 149–59, 162, 680–83, 680–83, 685–91

   lowering levels of, 157

   manufacture of, 89

   obesity and, 232–34, 237, 239

   prostate enlargement and, 918

   recommendations on, 539–40, 681

   in selected foods, 684

   very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), 680, 682

   see also hypercholesterolemia

cholinergic urticaria, 694

choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid (BioSil), 633, 861–62

chondroitin, 832–34

chromium:

   acne and, 249

   depression and, 489

   diabetes and, 528–29, 531

   glaucoma and, 619

   hypoglycemia and, 713, 715

   obesity and, 236–37

chronic candidiasis, see candidiasis, chronic

chronic diseases, statistics on, 11–12

chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), 35, 213–14, 420–30

   adrenal function and, 424–25

   Arctic root for, 427–28

   breathing, posture, and bodywork for, 427

   carnitine for, 427

   causes of, 421–24

   CDC on, 420–21

   CoQ10 for, 427

   depression and, 420, 424–25

   diagnosis of, 420–21, 423

   environmental toxin overload and, 425

   exercise for, 427

   FM and, 422–23

   immune system and, 421–22, 424, 428

   impaired liver function and, 425

   magnesium for, 426–27

   NK cells and, 422, 424, 428

   other names for, 420, 422

   Siberian ginseng for, 427–29

   sleep and, 44, 420–21

   stress and, 424, 428

   symptoms of, 420–22

   therapeutic considerations for, 423–28

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 431–34

   causes of, 431

   magnesium for, 432–33

   NAC for, 432

   symptoms of, 431

   therapeutic considerations for, 431–32

cisapride (Propulsid), 138

citicoline, 974

citrate, 768

Clarke, Norman, 309

Clinical Global Impressions scale, 287

clinical nutrition, 6

Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation (COURAGE) trial, 303–4

Clinical Psychopharmacology Research Group, 494

Clostridium difficile, 551, 553

cobalamin, 283, 298

cod liver oil, 509–10

coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), 644–45

   angina and, 307

   angiograms and, 304–5

   arrhythmias and, 645

   and cellular approach to health, 88–92

   CFS and, 427

   CHF and, 443, 445–47

   CVD and, 157–59

   dosages for, 91

   high BP and, 88, 90, 676

   HIV/AIDS and, 259

   hypercholesterolemia and, 683

   male infertility and, 741–42

   Parkinson’s disease and, 90, 92, 870–71

   PD and, 573–74

   periodontal disease and, 886–87

   specific clinical uses of, 90

   stroke and, 973

coenzymes, 68–69

cofactor therapy, 751

cognitive issues, 31, 524, 972

cognitive therapy, 424, 483, 498

colchicine, 624

cold urticaria, 694

coleus (Coleus forskohlii), 336

collagen, collagen matrix, 69

   glaucoma, 615–17

   osteoarthritis and, 827–29, 836

   periodontal disease and, 884–87

   sports injuries and, 963

colon:

   CD and, 456–57

   digestion and, 132–33, 140–42

   diverticular disease and, 142

   function of, 141–42

   health-promoting diet and, 50

   IBD and, 457–58, 461–62, 465–66

   IBS and, 138, 142

   UC and, 457, 461, 467

colon cancer, 609

   early detection of, 107

   risk factors and, 99–100, 102–4

   UC and, 457, 461

colposcopy, 414–15, 417–18

common cold, 435–41

   causes of, 435

   echinacea for, 437–40

   immune system and, 169, 177–80, 435–37, 439

   liquids for, 436

   P. sidoides for, 440

   recommendations for, 435–40

   rest for, 436

   sugar and, 436

   symptoms of, 435–39

   therapeutic considerations for, 435–40

   vitamin C for, 436–37

   zinc lozenges for, 437

communication, keys to, 211–12

complementary practitioners, 12–13

complement system, 884

comprehensive digestive stool analysis (CDSA), 380–81

concentration, 783

conditionally essential nutrients, 71, 91

congestive heart failure (CHF), 442–450

   arginine for, 447–48

   arjun tree and, 449

   carnitine and, 443, 445

   and complementary aspects of naturopathic medicine, 10–11

   CoQ10 and, 443, 445–47

   factors that precipitate or worsen, 442

   hawthorn for, 449

   magnesium and, 443–44

   signs and symptoms of, 442, 446

   stages of, 443, 445–47, 449

   therapeutic considerations for, 443–48

   vitamin B1 and, 443–45

constipation, 142, 451–55

   bowel retraining for, 453–54

   causes of, 451–52

   in children, 452–53

   laxatives and, 451–55

   signs and symptoms of, 451–52

   therapeutic considerations for, 452–54

Consumers Union, 342

continuous glucose monitoring, 708

continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), 749

contraceptives:

   cervical dysplasia and, 413, 416–17

   gallstones and, 607

conventional medicine:

   comparisons between naturopathic and, 8–9, 12–13

   hemorrhoids and, 648

   naturopathic medicine as complementary approach to, 10

   placebo response and, 21

conventional physicians, 12–14

   bias against natural medicine on part of, 13–14

   complementary practitioners vs., 12–13

   exercise and, 42–43

coping, 162–63, 208

copper:

   HIV/AIDS and, 258

   osteoarthritis and, 836

   osteoporosis and, 861

   RA and, 941–42

coronary arteries:

   angina and, 301–5, 307–10

   bypass surgery and, 166, 302–5

coronary artery disease (CAD), 146, 153

   niacin for, 687–88

   omega-3 fatty acids for, 491

   risk factors for, 159

Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS), 303

coronary blood vessels, illustration of, 302

Coronary Drug Project, 685

corticosteroids, 815

   IBD and, 463

   psoriasis and, 928

   RA and, 937, 941

   rosacea and, 950–51

cortisol:

   depression and, 484, 486

   female infertility and, 726

   insomnia and, 749–50

   stress and, 208, 213, 217

Council on Naturopathic Medical Education (CNME), 15

counseling, see psychological factors

Cousins, Norman, 172–73

C-peptides:

   blood glucose monitoring and, 519–20

   diabetes and, 511, 519–20, 525, 528, 530

   niacinamide and, 531

crackers, 1016

cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon), 473–75

cranberry juice, 767

C-reactive protein (CRP):

   high-sensitivity (hsCRP), 147–49, 153–56, 158–59, 161–62, 164

   hypercholesterolemia and, 682, 684–85

   silent inflammation and, 198–203

Cretans, 155

criminal behavior, 709–10

Crohn’s disease (CD), 456–61

   boswellia for, 467

   causes of, 457–58

   children and, 467

   curcumin for, 466

   diet and, 458–59

   features shared by UC and, 457

   fiber and, 464

   signs and symptoms of, 456, 467

   therapeutic considerations for, 459–61, 464–68

   vitamin B12 for, 465

   vitamin D for, 465

   zinc for, 465

   see also inflammatory bowel disease

cryotherapy, 415

curcumin, 119

   AD and, 289

   gallstones and, 611

   HIV/AIDS and, 260–61

   IBD and, 466

   osteoarthritis and, 836–37

   psoriasis and, 929

   RA and, 943

   silent inflammation and, 201

   sports injuries and, 964–65

cures, removing obstacles to, 25

cutaneous hemorrhoids, 647

cyanocobalamin, 297–99

cyclical allergies, 596

cysteine, 121–23, 127, 129

   cataracts and, 399

   life extension and, 190

cystic fibrosis, 138

cystine, 765–66, 773

cystitis, see bladder infections

cytokines, 510

   anxiety and, 316

   endometriosis and, 565–66

   HIV/AIDS and, 257

   MS and, 817

   psoriasis and, 923, 925–26

cytotoxic reactions, 595, 597

daidzein, 858, 864

dairy products, 1025–26

   acne and, 248

   avoidance of, 551

   cancer and, 103, 904, 906–7

   celiac disease and, 403, 405, 508

   chronic candidiasis and, 381

   constipation and, 453

   CVD and, 154, 165

   diabetes and, 508

   diarrhea and, 549, 551

   digestion and, 145

   endometriosis and, 567

   health-promoting diet and, 51, 53–55, 59, 61–62, 65

   IBD and, 464

   PMS and, 893

   sperm counts and, 736

damage theories, 185–88

death, 10, 24, 30

   AD and, 278

   aging and, 186

   alcohol dependence and, 265, 273

   angina and, 302–4, 307

   asthma and, 322

   cancer and, 95, 99, 101, 104, 106, 356, 358–59, 361, 903, 905, 909, 911

   celiac disease and, 402–3

   CHF and, 445

   CVD and, 146, 149–53, 155, 158–59, 161, 163–65

   depression and, 478

   diabetes and, 503, 520, 523

   diarrhea and, 549, 552

   exercise and, 42

   health-promoting diet and, 53

   HIV/AIDS and, 253–55

   hypercholesterolemia and, 680

   nutritional supplements and, 77

   obesity and, 220–21

   premature, 39, 183, 188, 193, 220–21

   sleeping pills and, 755

   stroke and, 971

   top ten causes of, 183

deep tissue work, 81

dehydrocholic acid, 925–26

dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA):

   AD and, 286

   hypothyroidism and, 721–22

   life extension and, 193–94

   SLE and, 977–78

   stress and, 208, 216–17

Dement, William C., 46

dementia, see Alzheimer’s disease

Demodex folliculorum, 950

demyelination, 812–13

deoxycholic acid, 608

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA):

   aging and, 185–87

   cancer and, 95–97, 99

   and cellular approach to health, 87–88

   HIV/AIDS and, 254, 260

   male infertility and, 736–41

   RA and, 933–35

depression, 478–503

   AD and, 277, 285, 288

   age and, 277, 282, 285, 486, 488, 498–99

   alcohol and, 265, 268–72, 484–85

   bipolar (manic), 491, 494

   caffeine and, 485

   cancer and, 102

   causes of, 482–83

   CFS and, 424–25

   chromium for, 489

   counseling for, 483, 486, 496, 498, 500

   diabetes and, 503, 524

   diagnosis of, 478

   diet and, 64, 481–82, 484, 486–88, 501

   dreaming and, 46

   exercise and, 41, 485–86

   folic acid for, 487–89

   food allergies and, 491

   GBE for, 496–99

   hormonal factors in, 483–84

   5-HTP for, 272, 482, 493–97

   hypoglycemia and, 484–85, 487, 709

   kava for, 317

   lavender for, 482, 499

   lifestyle and, 482, 484–86, 501

   low thyroid function in, 483

   monoamines and, 479–80, 488–90

   nutritional supplements and, 68, 76, 482, 485, 488–91, 501–2

   omega-3 fatty acids for, 316, 487, 490–91

   Parkinson’s disease and, 868, 872

   PMS and, 890, 893, 895–96, 898, 900

   positive mental attitude and, 29–30, 35

   saffron for, 482, 499

   St.-John’s-wort for, 482, 496–498

   SAM-e and, 488, 491

   selenium for, 485, 489

   serotonin and, 272, 480–82, 484, 488–91, 493–96, 498–99

   sleep and, 44–45

   stress and adrenal function in, 483–84

   stroke and, 972

   symptoms of, 478, 486, 491, 495

   theoretical models of, 478–80

   therapeutic considerations for, 481–99

   toxins and, 484

   tryptophan and, 481–82, 484, 492–93

   vitamin B6 for, 487, 489

   vitamin B12 for, 487–89

   vitamin D for, 487, 490

   zinc for, 489

dermographism, 692–94

detoxification, 109–10

   alcohol and, 121, 268

   CFS and, 425

   chronic candidiasis and, 383–85

   fasting in, 128–30

   how it works, 113–26

   indications of need for, 384

   inducers of, 118, 120

   inhibitors of, 118–19, 121

   liver and, 110, 112–16, 118–21, 123, 125–28, 383, 425, 567

   in naturopathic medicine, 4

   Phase I, 114–20, 125

   Phase II, 114–17, 119–25

   practical applications and, 125

   promotion of, 383–84

   RA and, 935

devil’s claw (Harpagophytum procumbens), 838

diabetes, 503–47

   acupuncture for, 541–42

   AD and, 277

   ALA for, 539, 541

   American ginseng for, 536

   antioxidants and, 510, 516, 525–26, 529, 535, 538–39, 542

   atherosclerosis and, 512, 517, 523

   benfotiamine for, 541

   biotin for, 532

   bitter melon for, 536

   blood glucose and, 503–7, 510, 512–22, 524–37, 539–41

   capsaicin for, 541

   causes of, 507–10, 512–17

   and cellular approach to health, 86

   changes in blood vessel linings in, 526

   Chinese ginseng for, 537

   chromium for, 528–29, 531

   clinical monitoring and management of patients with, 517–22

   cognitive difficulties in, 524

   complications of, 503–4, 521–26, 530, 537, 539–42

   CVD and, 152–53, 503–4, 533

   depression and, 503, 524

   diagnostic considerations for, 505–7

   diet and, 50, 52, 54, 60, 62–63, 232, 507–8, 510, 513–15, 518–19, 521, 526–28, 532, 535–36, 542, 544

   dietary fat and, 503, 514–16

   early treatment and possible reversal of, 510–12

   ED and, 573, 575

   enteroviruses and, 508–9, 512

   environment and, 507, 517

   epicatechin for, 510–12

   exercise and, 513–15, 518, 528, 714–15

   fenugreek for, 537

   fiber and, 515–16, 527–28, 533–34, 542

   flavonoids for, 538–40

   foot ulcers in, 524, 542

   free radicals and, 516, 525–26, 538

   garlic for, 537

   genetics and, 507, 513

   gestational, 504–5, 531

   GI and, 514–16, 534, 712

   GLA for, 541

   glycosylated hemoglobin and, 506–7, 525, 535

   G. sylvestre for, 535–36

   high BP and, 503, 526, 529–30

   homocysteine and, 526

   hypercholesterolemia and, 687, 690

   hypoglycemia and, 521–24, 707, 712–14

   immune system and, 503–4, 507–11, 524, 527–29, 539

   insulin and, 68, 503–4, 507–8, 510–12, 515–16, 518–20, 524–32, 534–37

   ketoacidosis and, 519–23

   kidney disease and, 503, 524, 533, 542

   lifestyle and, 513–15, 517–19, 521, 527–28, 535

   magnesium for, 531–32

   manganese for, 532

   metabolic syndrome and, 505

   natural glucosidase inhibitors for, 534–35

   neuropathy and, 503, 523–24, 526, 531–33, 539, 541–42

   niacinamide for, 510–11, 530–31

   niacin for, 530–31, 539–40, 687

   nitrates and, 510

   nutritional supplements and, 68, 76–77, 509–11, 518–19, 526, 528–42, 544–47

   obesity and, 220–21, 224–27, 232, 234, 237, 504–5, 512–14, 516–17

   omega-3 fatty acids and, 509–10, 515–16, 532–33

   onions for, 537

   oxidative stress in, 525–26, 537–39

   in Pima Indians, 513

   poor wound healing in, 524, 532, 542

   proposed triggers of, 509

   psychological support for, 527

   retinopathy and, 503, 523, 526, 531, 533, 539–40

   risk factors for, 220, 224–26, 507–9, 511–14, 516–18, 521

   sorbitol and, 525, 530, 538, 541

   SSRIs and, 482

   statistics on, 11–12

   stress and, 519, 527

   stroke and, 503, 971

   symptoms of, 503, 505, 541

   therapeutic considerations for, 526–42

   toxins and, 112, 504, 517

   type 1, 504–5, 507–12, 518–23, 527–28, 530–34, 536–37, 541, 544–45

   type 2, 503–5, 512–20, 524, 527–37, 545–46, 687, 714–15

   vitamin B6 for, 531–32

   vitamin C for, 529–30, 538–40, 542

   vitamin D and, 507, 509

   vitamin E for, 516, 530, 542

   zinc for, 532, 542

Diabetes Control and Complications Trial, 518

Diabetes Prevention Program, 514

diamine oxidase, 804–5

diarrhea, 293–96, 548–56

   anemia and, 293–95

   berberine for, 553–55

   carob powder or pectin for, 551

   causes of, 548–50

   dairy products and, 549, 551

   exudative, 548–49

   HIV/AIDS and, 256, 261

   inadequate-contact, 548–49

   liquids and BRAT diet for, 550–51

   osmotic, 548

   parasitic infections and, 144, 552–54

   probiotics for, 551–53

   replacing electrolytes and, 551

   secretory, 548

   symptoms of, 548–49, 554

   therapeutic considerations for, 549–54

   tormentil root for, 555

   travelers, 551, 554–55

diazepam (Valium), 214–15

dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), 736

Dietary and Reinfarction Trial (DART), 166

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet, 669–71

diethylstilbestrol (DES), 735–36

diets, diet, 851–53

   acne and, 246, 248–49, 251–52

   AD and, 277–80, 290–91

   aging and, 48, 186–90

   alcohol and, 267, 274

   allergies and, 64, 596–98

   anemia and, 293–94, 296–97, 299–300

   angina and, 311

   anxiety and, 315, 320

   arrhythmias and, 644

   ASD and, 349–50

   aspirin alternatives in, 165–66

   asthma and, 328–29, 332, 337–38

   blood glucose monitoring and, 518–19

   Burkitt and Trowell on, 50

   cancer and, 48–50, 52–54, 56–64, 95–97, 99–105, 356–57, 359–61, 364–66, 588, 904, 906–8, 911

   canker sores and, 389

   celiac disease and, 402–6

   and cellular approach to health, 85, 87

   cervical dysplasia and, 415–16, 419

   CFS and, 425–26, 429

   CHF and, 443

   chronic candidiasis and, 381

   constipation and, 451–55

   CVD and, 153–57, 159, 161, 163, 165–68

   depression and, 64, 481–82, 484, 486–88, 501

   detoxification and, 115–17, 121–23, 126, 425

   diabetes and, 50, 52, 54, 60, 62–63, 232, 507–8, 510, 513–15, 518–19, 521, 526–28, 532, 535–36, 542, 544

   diarrhea and, 550–51

   digestion and, 132–33, 142, 145

   diseases strongly associated with low-fiber, 50

   eczema and, 583

   ED and, 574–75, 580–81

   endometriosis and, 567

   FBD and, 588, 591

   gallstones and, 605–11, 613

   gout and, 622–26

   and hair loss in women, 633

   health-promoting, 25, 28, 48–67

   hemorrhoids and, 647–49, 651

   hepatitis and, 654, 658

   herpes simplex and, 661–65

   high BP and, 63, 666–73, 679

   high in refined carbohydrates, 514–15

   HIV/AIDS and, 256, 263–64

   hives and, 696, 698–99

   hypercholesterolemia and, 682–84, 689

   hyperthyroidism and, 704

   hypoglycemia and, 709–13, 715

   IBD and, 458–59, 464, 469

   IBS and, 758–59

   immune system and, 58, 100, 172, 174–75

   -induced thermogenesis, 226–28, 241

   infertility and, 726–27, 732, 738, 746

   kidney stones and, 764–69, 772–73

   liver function and, 126–27

   macular degeneration and, 775–76, 779

   menopause and, 787–88

   migraine headaches and, 804–5

   MS and, 812–16

   NAFLD and, 823–24, 826

   nutritional supplements and, 66–68, 73, 76–77

   obesity and, 100, 224, 226–33, 238–41

   Optimal Health Food Pyramid and, 55–66

   osteoarthritis and, 828–29, 835, 841–42

   osteoporosis and, 846, 851, 853, 855–59, 862, 866

   Parkinson’s disease and, 869–70, 874

   peptic ulcer and, 878–79

   periodontal disease and, 885

   pH balance and, 92

   plant-based, 48–50

   PMS and, 893–94, 897

   prediabetes and, 505

   prostate enlargement and, 917–18

   psoriasis and, 924–26, 930

   RA and, 933–36, 938–41, 946

   sarcopenia prevention and, 189–90, 855

   silent inflammation and, 199–202

   SLE and, 976–78

   for stress management, 212–14

   stroke and, 971

   toxins and, 58–60, 64–66, 112

   uterine fibroids and, 981–82

   vaginitis and, 988

   varicose veins and, 992–94

   see also foods, food; specific diets

diffuse hair loss, 630–31

digestion, 131–45, 552, 924

   anxiety and, 313, 317

   chronic candidiasis and, 380–81

   colon and, 132–33, 140–42

   diabetes and, 515

   diagram on, 133

   diverticular disease and, 142

   dreams and, 47

   dysbiosis and, 142–43

   ear infections and, 560

   elimination and, 133, 141–42

   exercise and, 41

   food allergies and, 139–41, 598–602

   GERD and, 134–35, 138

   health-promoting diet and, 49

   H. pylori overgrowth and, 134, 136–38

   IBS and, 138, 142

   indigestion and, 134–40

   lactose intolerance and, 145

   pancreas and, 131–32, 134, 138–39

   pancreatic enzymes and, 132, 138–41, 144

   peptic ulcer and, 876

   prebiotics and, 145

   probiotics and, 143–45

   process of, 131–32

   small intestine and, 131–32, 137, 139–41, 145

   stress and, 133–34, 141, 213

digitalis, 443–44, 446

digital rectal exams, 904, 910

digoxin, 645

dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 915, 917, 919, 921

diindolylmethane (DIM), 363–64, 417–18

Diogenes Study, 230–31

dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), 406

disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), 936–38

diseases, causes of, 5

diuretics, 443–44

   glucosamine and, 831–32

diverticular disease, 142

docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 86

   CVD and, 154–55

   CVI and, 409

   hypertriglyceridemia and, 685

   IBD and, 460

   MS and, 816–17

   nutritional supplements and, 76–77, 79

   prostate cancer and, 907–8

   psoriasis and, 926

   RA and, 939, 943

dong quai (Angelica sinensis), 792

Dossey, Larry, 22

double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, 20–21

dreams, 46–47

drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DILE), 976

drugs, illicit:

   hepatitis and, 652–53

   HIV/AIDS and, 254

   male infertility and, 737

drusen, 775

dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), 849–51

duodenal ulcers, 876–78, 881

dysbiosis, 142–43, 461

   RA and, 935–37

dysthymia, 478

ear infections (otitis media), 557–64

   acute, 557–58

   ADHD and, 344

   bottle-feeding and, 559–60

   causes of, 559

   chronic or serous, 557

   diagnostic considerations for, 559–61

   food allergies and, 560–61

   humidifiers for, 562–63

   naturopathic ear drops for, 561

   spontaneous resolution of, 559

   standard medical treatment for, 557–59

   symptoms of, 557–58

   therapeutic considerations for, 561–62

   xylitol for, 561–62

earlobe crease, 166

Eating Right Pyramid, 53–54

echinacea:

   common cold and, 437–40

   strep throat and, 969

echocardiography, 443, 447, 449

eczema (atopic dermatitis), 582–86

   asthma and, 323, 325

   C. albicans in, 583

   causes of, 582–83

   EFAs for, 584

   licorice for, 584–86

   probiotics and, 583–84

   signs and symptoms of, 582

   therapeutic considerations for, 583–84

Edible Plant and Animal Kingdoms Taxonomic List, 599–600

eggs, 600, 1026

   health-promoting diet and, 51, 58–59, 61–62, 65

   infertility and, 724–27, 731, 734, 738, 742

   normal menstrual cycle and, 890–91

eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 85–86

   CVD and, 154–55

   CVI and, 409

   depression and, 490–91

   hypertriglyceridemia and, 685

   IBD and, 460

   MS and, 816–17

   nutritional supplements and, 76–77, 79

   prostate cancer and, 907–8

   psoriasis and, 926

   RA and, 939, 943

ejaculation:

   ED and, 575

   male infertility and, 724–25, 731–32, 740, 742

   in sex act for men, 570–71

ejection fraction, 303, 445–47

electroacupuncture, 839–40

electrolytes, 551

elemental diets, 464

elimination, 131

   chronic candidiasis and, 384–85

   detoxification and, 113–16, 119–25, 127–29

   digestion and, 133, 141–42

   toxins and, 112–13

elimination diets:

   food allergies and, 596–97

   hives and, 699

   IBD and, 464

emollients, 929

emotions:

   depression and, 478, 481, 484, 486, 488–90, 498

   diabetes and, 527

   exercise and, 41, 212

   immune system and, 172–73, 181

   peptic ulcer and, 877–78

   physical care and, 81

   placebo response and, 19

   PMS and, 890, 893, 895–99

   positive mental attitude and, 29–30

   of self-actualized people, 32

   stress and, 204–5, 214, 246

   stroke and, 972

emphysema, 431–32

endometrial cancer, 981

endometriosis, 565–69, 725

   causes of, 565–66

   grape seed extract for, 567–68

   lipotropic supplements for, 567

   pine bark extract for, 567–68

   risk factors for, 565–67

   symptoms of, 565–67

   therapeutic considerations for, 566–68

endorphins:

   depression and, 486

   exercise and, 41

   hot flashes and, 782, 789

   placebo response and, 19

   PMS and, 893, 895

   positive mental attitude and, 37

endothelium, 146–48

energy:

   angina and, 305–8

   and cellular approach to health, 85–88

   CHF and, 443–45

   obesity and, 227–29

   physical care and, 80–81

   stress and, 205

   see also chronic fatigue syndrome

enteroviruses, 508–9, 512

environment:

   ADHD and, 341–42

   aging and, 185, 187

   cancer and, 96, 98–99, 102, 107, 357

   CVD and, 151

   depression and, 479–80, 484

   detoxification and, 115, 117–18, 125

   diabetes and, 507, 517

   endometriosis and, 565–66

   of gingival sulcus, 884

   infertility and, 726, 732, 735–37

   kidney stones and, 764

   MS and, 812–14

   Parkinson’s disease and, 869

   RA and, 933–34

   sinus infections and, 958

   toxins and, 110, 115, 117–18, 125, 425

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 59, 99, 567

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test, 597

enzymes:

   CVD and, 159

   detoxification and, 115–18, 120, 123–24

   digestion and, 131–32, 134, 138–40, 145

   nutritional supplements and, 68–69

   toxins and, 111, 113

   see also pancreatic enzymes; proteolytic enzymes

eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS), 492–93

eosinophils, 171

epicatechin, 510–12

epididymis, 735, 742

epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), 418, 913

EPs, 370

equol, 787–88

erectile dysfunction (ED), 570–81

   alcohol and, 573

   arginine for, 575–76

   atherosclerosis and, 572–73, 575

   bicycle seats and, 575

   causes of, 571–73, 575

   Chinese ginseng for, 577

   diabetes and, 573, 575

   diet and, 574–75, 580–81

   diseases in, 573–74

   fenugreek for, 578

   GBE for, 578

   hormonal disorders in, 573

   longjack for, 577

   medications and, 573, 576, 578–79

   penile prosthesis for, 579

   potency wood for, 577

   procedures used in evaluation of, 572

   procyanidolic oligomers for, 575–76

   psychotherapy for, 578

   smoking and, 572–73

   symptoms of, 570

   therapeutic considerations for, 574–79

   tribulus for, 577–78

   vacuum-constrictive devices for, 580

   yohimbe for, 576–77

Escherichia coli, 65, 471–72

escin, 995

esophagus, 131, 134–35, 138

essential fatty acids (EFAs):

   ADHD and, 343

   alcohol dependence and, 271

   diabetes and, 509–10, 516

   eczema and, 584

   and hair loss in women, 632

   PMS and, 898

   see also specific essential fatty acids

esteem needs, 31

EstroG, 794

estrogen, 126, 846, 864

   AD and, 280

   breast cancer and, 357, 361–64, 785

   cervical dysplasia and, 417

   detoxification and, 123

   endometriosis and, 565–68

   FBD and, 587–89

   gallstones and, 607

   in HRT, 781, 784–85, 791, 852

   male infertility and, 735–37

   menopause and, 781–82, 784–85, 788, 790–91, 848

   menorrhagia and, 798

   metabolism of, 892–93

   in normal menstrual cycle, 891

   osteoporosis and, 848, 852–54, 857

   PMS and, 891–94, 899

   prostate enlargement and, 915, 917

   RA and, 936

   uterine fibroids and, 980–82

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid chelation (EDTA) therapy, intravenous, 309–11

European Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study (ECCDS), 460

eustachian tube, 557, 559–61, 563

evening primrose oil, 589, 898

exercise, 25, 126, 129

   alcohol dependence and, 272

   cancer and, 99–100, 104, 357, 359

   CFS and, 427

   constipation and, 454

   CVD and, 152–53, 161, 188

   depression and, 41, 485–86

   diabetes and, 513–15, 518, 528, 714–15

   diet and, 55, 232

   ED and, 572, 574–75

   glaucoma and, 620

   healthful lifestyle and, 28, 39–44

   high BP and, 666–68

   HIV and, 262

   hives and, 694

   hypoglycemia and, 708, 714–15

   hypothyroidism and, 722

   immune system and, 41, 172

   insomnia and, 750

   lactic acid and, 314

   life extension and, 186, 188–89

   menopause and, 786–87

   MS and, 819

   in naturopathic medicine, 4, 6–7, 13

   nutritional supplements and, 70

   obesity and, 40, 225–26, 228–29, 232, 237

   osteoarthritis and, 828–29

   osteoporosis and, 847, 854–55

   physical care and, 78–80

   PMS and, 895

   positive mental attitude and, 38

   prediabetes and, 505

   prostate enlargement and, 916–17

   RA and, 945

   sarcopenia prevention and, 189

   silent inflammation and, 200

   stress and, 40–41, 212, 217

expectations, power of, 21–22

expectorants:

   for bronchitis and pneumonia, 369–71, 374–75

   for COPD, 432–34

experimenter effect, 22

extraintestinal lesions (EILs), 462

exudative diarrhea, 548–49

eyes, eye:

   anatomy of, 616, 774

   diabetes and, 503, 523, 526, 531, 533, 539–40

   hyperthyroidism and, 702–3

   see also glaucoma; macular degeneration