Index

Page numbers followed by b indicates boxes; f indicates illustrations, and t indicates tables.

A₁AT (alpha₁-antitrypsin), 52

A69S genetic variant, 38

A-a gradient (alveolar to arterial O₂ difference), 110, 113–114

AAT (alpha₁-antitrypsin), 52

computed tomography of, 1020, 1020f, 1024f

obstruction series and, 1051

plain film of, 1040, 1041f–1042f

supine x-ray of, 1051

Abdominal aorta ultrasonography, 866t, 867, 871

Abdominal paracentesis, 662

Abdominal scintigraphy, 805, 806b

Abdominal tap, 662, 663t

Abdominal ultrasonography, 866, 866t, 869f

ABEPs (auditory brainstem-evoked potentials), 562, 563t, 564f

ABG (arterial blood gases), 109, 111t–112t, 116f

ABO system, 127, 127t, 128f

Abscess culture and sensitivity, 776, 778f

ACCA (anti-chitobiose carbohydrate antibody), 82

AccuType (drug sensitivity genotype testing), 216

ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme), 64

Acetylcholine receptor antibody panel (AChR Ab), 23

Acetylcholine-binding antibody, 23–24

Acetylcholine-blocking antibody, 23–24

Acetylcholine-modulating antibody, 23–24

Acetylcholinesterase, 159

AChR Ab (acetylcholine receptor antibody panel), 23

Acid clearing, 692

Acid perfusion test, 692

Acid phosphatase, 25

Acid reflux with pH probe, 692

Acid-base disturbances, 111t–112t

Acid-fast bacilli smear (AFB smear), 706, 769

Acidic urine, 958

aCL antibodies (anticardiolipin antibodies), 68

Acquired immunodeficiency serology, 297, 297t, 298t, 299f

ACT (activated clotting time), 27

ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), 31, 32t

aldosterone stimulation by, 43

corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation of, 179

suppression test of, 204

ACTH stimulation (adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation)

with cosyntropin, 34

with metyrapone, 36

Actigraphy, 1125

Activated clotting time (ACT), 27

Activated coagulation time, 27

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), 383

Activated protein C resistance test, 232

AD (androstenediones), 29

ADB (antideoxyribonuclease-B titer), 470

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

stimulation test of, 979

suppression test of, 76, 76b

urinary sodium and, 946

angiography of, 988

computed tomography of, 1025

Adrenal steroid precursors, 29

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), 31, 32t

aldosterone stimulation by, 43

corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation of, 179

suppression test of, 204

Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation (ACTH)

with cosyntropin, 34

with metyrapone, 36

Adult critical laboratory values, 22b

AFB smear (acid-fast bacilli smear), 706, 769

AFI (amniotic fluid index), 882

AG (anion gap), 66

Agatston Score, 1034, 1034t

AGBM (antiglomerular basement membrane antibody), 81

barium enema and, 996b

blood creatinine and, 192b

cardiac catheterization and, 1011b

creatinine clearance and, 193b

effect on test results, 7

fecal fat tests and, 852b

hematocrit and, 277b

renal angiography and, 990b

venography and, 1076b

Age-adjusted prostate specific antigen, 422, 422t

Age-related macular degeneration risk analysis (Y402H and A69S), 38

Agglutination, 2

Agglutination inhibition, 2

AHA (antihistone antibody), 70

AIDS screen, 297, 297t, 298t, 299f

AIDS serology, 297, 297t, 298t, 299f

AIDS T-lymphocyte cell markers, 147

Air contrast barium enema, 995

Airflow rates, 1118, 1121

ALA (aminolevulinic acid), 922

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), 39, 119

hypoalbuminemia and, 139

ischemia-modified, 326

Albumin/globulin ratio, 425

ALCA (anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate antibody), 82

Aldosterone, 43

renin and, 448, 448t

urinary sodium and, 946

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 47, 48b

Alkaline urine, 958

Allen test, 115, 116f

Allergic reaction to iodinated dye, 985–986, 986t

Allergy antibody testing, 51

Allergy blood testing, 49

Allergy skin testing, 1079, 1128b

Allergy to iodinated contrast, 983, 984b

ALP (alkaline phosphatase), 47, 48b

Alpha 1 microglobin, 360

Alpha₁ globulin levels, 430

Alpha₁-antitrypsin (AAT, A₁AT, AAT phenotyping), 52

Alpha₂ globulin levels, 431

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), 54

ALT (alanine aminotransferase), 39, 119

Alveolar to arterial O₂ difference (A-a gradient), 110, 113–114

AMA (antimitochondrial antibody), 84

AMA (antimyocardial antibody), 86

Ambulatory electrocardiography, 571, 572f–573f

Ambulatory monitoring, 571, 572f–573f

AMCA (anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibody), 82

American Cancer Society on mammography, 1044

Amino acid profiles, 57

Amino acid screen, 57

Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), 922

Aminopeptidase cytosol, 337

Amino-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (PINP), 915

Amniocentesis, 632, 637f

Amniotic fluid analysis, 632, 637f

Amniotic fluid index (AFI), 882

Amniotic fluid volume, 882

Amphetamines, 952t, 953

Amylase/creatinine clearance ratio, 910

Amyloid beta protein precursor, 639

Anal canal culture, 756, 758f

ANAs (antinuclear antibodies), 88, 89t–90t, 91f

ANCA (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody), 87

Androstenediones (AD), 29

Angiocardiography, 1008, 1009t, 1010f, 1011b, 1012f

Angiography, 988, 989f, 992f

fluorescein, 1091

Angioplasty, 1012–1013

Angiotensin, 63

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), 64

Angiotensin II, 65

Anion gap (AG), 66

Ankle-brachial ratio, 695

ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide), 367

Antegrade pyelography, 1056

Anteroposterior view in chest x-ray, 1015

Anthrax, 1082, 1083t

Anti-AChR antibody, 23

Anti-basement zone antibodies, 197

Antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens, 79

Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL antibodies), 68

Anti-CCP (anticyclic-citrullinated peptide antibody), 72

Anti-cell surface antibodies, 197

Anticentromere antibody, 69

Anti-chitobiose carbohydrate antibody (ACCA), 82

Antichromatin antibody, 70

Anticyclic-citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP), 72

Antideoxyribonuclease-B titer (anti-DNase-B, ADB), 470

Antideoxyribonucleic acid antibodies, 78

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), 73

stimulation test of, 979

suppression test of, 76, 76b

urinary sodium and, 946

Anti-DNA antibody, 78

Anti-DNase-B (antideoxyribonuclease-B titer), 470

Anti-double-stranded DNA (Anti-ds-DNA), 78

Anti-ds-DNA (anti-double-stranded DNA), 78

Anti-ENA (antiextractable nuclear antigen), 79

Antiextractable nuclear antigen (anti-ENA), 79

Antifungal antibodies, 729, 730t

Anti-GBM antibody (antiglomerular basement membrane antibody), 81

Antiglomerular basement membrane antibody (anti-GBM antibody, AGBM), 81

Anti-glycan antibodies, 82

Antigranulocyte antibodies, 370, 371b

Anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G antibody, 1101

Antihemophilic factor, 164t–165t, 169

Antihistidyl transfer synthase (anti-Jo-1), 79

Antihistone antibody (anti-HST, AHA), 70

Anti-HST (antihistone antibody), 70

Anti-insulin antibody, 207

Anti-Jo-1 antibody (antihistidyl transfer synthase), 79

Anti-La antibody, 98

Anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate antibody (ALCA), 82

Anti-liver/kidney microsomal type 1 antibodies (anti-LKM-1 antibodies), 83

Anti-LKM-1 antibodies (anti-liver/kidney microsomal type 1 antibodies), 83

Anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibody (AMCA), 82

Antimitochondrial antibody (AMA), 84

Antimyocardial antibody (AMA), 86

Anti-NCS (antinucleosome antibodies), 70

Antineutrophil antibodies, 370, 371b

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA), 87

Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), 88, 89t–90t, 91f

anti-DNA Ig antibody in, 78–79

antiextractable nuclear antigens and, 79

antinucleosome antibodies in, 70

pleural fluid, 684

SjÖgren antibodies in, 98

Antinucleosome antibodies (Anti-NCS), 70

Anti-parietal cell antibody (APCA), 92

Antiphospholipid antibodies, 68

Antiplatelet antibody detection, 399

Antiribonucleotideprotein (ant-RNP), 79

Anti-ribosome P antibodies, 456

Anti-RNP (antiribonucleoprotein), 79

Anti-Ro antibody, 98

Antirubella antibody testing, 457, 458t

Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA), 82

Antiscleroderma antibody (Scl-70 antibody), 93

Anti-SM (anti-Smith), 79

Anti-Smith (anti-SM), 79

Anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA), 95

Antisperm antibodies, 96

Antispermatozoal antibody, 96

Anti-SS-A antibody (Ro), 98

Anti-SS-B antibody (la), 98

Anti-SS-C antibody, 98

Antistreptolysin O titer (ASO), 470

Antithrombin activity and antigen assay, 100

Antithrombin III activity/assay (AT-III), 100

Antithyroglobulin antibody, 102, 103t

Antithyroid microsomal antibody, 104

Antithyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO, TPO-Ab), 104

Anti-TPO (antithyroid peroxidase antibody), 104

Aortic artery pressure, 1009t

APCA (anti-parietal cell antibody), 92

Apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A-1), 106, 107t

Apolipoprotein B (Apo B), 106, 107t

Apolipoprotein E (Apo E), 106, 107t

aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time), 383

Arginine vasopressin (AVP), 73

Arterial blood gases (ABG), 109, 111t–112t, 116f

Arterial carbon dioxide tension (P_CO2), 110–112, 111t

Arterial Doppler studies, 902

Arterial oxygen tension (P_O2), 110, 112

Arterial plethysmography, 695

Arterial puncture, 18–20, 19f

Arteriography, 805–806, 988, 989f, 992f

Arthrocentesis with synovial fluid analysis, 640

Arthroscopy, 583, 584f

ASCA (anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody), 82

Ascitic fluid cytology, 662

ASMA (anti-smooth muscle antibody), 95

ASO (antistreptolysin O titer), 470

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), 119

bone marrow, 712

of breast cyst, 645

Aspiration scan, 803

Aspirin resistance tests, 404, 405f, 406t

AST (aspartate aminotransferase), 119

Atherectomy, 1010

AT-III (antithrombin III activity/assay), 100

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), 367

Auditory brainstem-evoked potentials (ABEPs), 562, 563t, 564f

Augmented limb leads, 545, 545f

Australian antigen, 286, 288t

Autoimmune enzyme immunoassay, 3

AVP (arginine vasopressin), 73

B lymphocyte, 147

B2M (beta-₂ microglobulin), 360, 933

BACTEC method, 768

Bacteremia, 708

Banding technique in karyotyping, 161–162

Barbiturates, 953

Barium enema (BE), 998b, 994, 995f

Barium sulfate, 983, 984b

Barium swallow, 999

Base deficit, 112

Base excess, 110, 112

Basement zone antibodies, 197

Basophil count, 526, 526b–527b, 528f–529f, 532t

BCEs (bone collagen equivalents), 915

BDM (beta-₂ microglobulin), 360, 933

BE (barium enema), 994, 995f, 998b

Bence-Jones protein, 911

Benzoylecgonine, 953

Bernstein test, 692

Beta globin gene testing, 464

Beta globulin levels, 431

Beta-₂ microglobulin (BDM), 360, 933

Beta-D-glucan ((1-3)-β-D-glucan), 729, 730t

11-beta-prostaglandin F(2) alpha, urine, 913

Bethesda System for reporting cervical and vaginal cytologic diagnoses, 743, 744b

BGP (bone G1a protein), 915

), 110, 111t, 112, 141

Bile duct ultrasound, 868, 870

computed tomography of, 1025

radionuclide scan of, 796, 798t

ultrasonography of, 866, 866t

blood, 121, 122f–123f

urine, 961, 964, 968–969

Biochemical genetics, 1105

bone marrow, 712, 716f

breast, 1045–1046

chorionic villus, 1088, 1090f

endometrial, 726

liver, 734, 735f

lung, 738, 740f

renal, 751, 752f

sentinel lymph node, 837

Bioterrorism infectious agents testing, 1082, 1083t

Bladder, cystography of, 1036, 1037f

Bladder cancer markers, 914

Bladder pressures, 688

Bladder tumor antigen (BTA), 914

Blood alcohol, 229

Blood amylase, 61

Blood antibody screening, 177

Blood bilirubin, 121, 122f–123f

Blood calcium, 138

Blood chloride, 152

Blood chromosome analysis, 161, 163t

Blood collection, 14–21

arterial puncture for, 18–20, 19f

collection tubes in, 15, 16t

from indwelling venous catheter, 18

for panel of blood studies, 18

reasons for, 14

sharps disposal and, 17, 17f

skin puncture for, 20–21

specimen transport and processing, 21–22, 21b

venous puncture for, 14–18, 15f–16f

Blood cortisol, 179

Blood count, 174–175, 175f

Blood creatinine, 190

Blood crossmatching, 129–130, 129b, 129f

Blood culture and sensitivity, 708, 709f

Blood EtOH, 229

Blood gases, 109, 111t–112t, 116f

Blood glucose, 253

Blood group microarray testing, 126, 127t, 128f, 129b

Blood indices, 442

Blood monoclonal immunoglobulins, 431–432

Blood osmolality, 378

Blood polyclonal immunoglobulins, 432

Blood potassium (K), 409

Blood prealbumin, 412

Blood pressure, normal value of, 1009t

Blood smear, 710

Blood sodium (Na), 466

Blood sugar, 253

adult critical laboratory values, 22b

to assess risk for coronary vascular disease, 342b

reporting of results, 22–23

required on donated blood, 129–130, 129b

Blood toxicology screening, 952t

Blood typing, 126, 127t, 128f, 129b

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), 191, 511, 906

Blood uric acid, 514

Blood-clotting factors, 163, 164t

BMC (bone mineral content), 1002, 1003b, 1005f

BMD (bone mineral density), 1002, 1003b, 1005f

BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide), 367

BNP (brain natriuretic peptide), 367

Body plethysmography, 1120

positron emission tomography of, 824–825

Bone absorptiometry, 1002, 1003b, 1005f

Bone collagen equivalents (BCEs), 915

Bone densitometry, 1002, 1003b, 1005f

Bone G1a protein (BGP), 915

Bone marrow aspiration, 712

Bone marrow biopsy, 712, 716f

Bone marrow examination, 712

Bone mineral content (BMC), 1002, 1003b, 1005f

Bone mineral density (BMD), 917, 1002, 1003b, 1005f

Bone scan, 782, 783f–784f

Bone turnover markers (BTMs), 915

Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), 915

Botulism, 1082, 1083t

BPP (fetal biophysical profile), 881

BRAF mutation analysis, 724

angiography of, 988, 989f

computed tomography of, 1026, 1028f

electroencephalography of, 549, 552f–553f

evoked potential studies of, 562, 563t, 564f

magnetic resonance imaging of, 1107, 1108f, 1113

positron emission tomography of, 822–825

Brain death, 553b

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), 367

Brain scan, 785, 786f, 788f

Brain tissue oxygen testing, 1115

BRCA (breast cancer genetic testing), 1093, 1094b, 1095t

ductal lavage of, 603–604, 645

ductoscopy of, 603, 603f

magnetic resonance imaging of, 1108, 1114

mammography of, 1043, 1045f–1046f, 1048f

nuclear scan of, 789

sonogram of, 871, 872f–873f, 872t

stereotactic biopsy of, 1045–1046

ultrasound of, 871, 872f–873f, 872t

Breast cancer genetic testing (BRCA), 1093, 1094b, 1095t

Breast cancer genomics, 1086

Breast cancer predictors, 717

Breast cancer tumor analysis, 717

Breast cyst and nipple discharge fluid analysis, 643

Breast scintigraphy, 789

Breast scintigraphy with breast-specific γ-camera, 789

Breast stimulation technique, 567

Breast tomography, 1046

Breast-specific gamma imaging (BSGI), 789

Breath test for Helicobacter pylori, 1101, 1102t, 1130

Bronchial provocation studies, 1121–1122

Bronchoscopy, 587, 588f, 590f

Brucellosis, 1082, 1083t

BSAP (bone-specific alkaline phosphatase), 915

B-scan ultrasound, 862, 863f, 874

BSGC (breast scintigraphy with breast-specific γ-camera), 789

BSGI (breast-specific gamma imaging), 789

BTA (bladder tumor antigen), 914

BTMs (bone turnover markers), 915

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), 367

BUN (blood urea nitrogen), 191, 511, 906

C2 complement, 172

C3 complement, 172

C4 complement, 172

Ca (total calcium), 138

CA 15-3 tumor marker (cancer antigen 15-3), 130

CA 19-9 tumor marker (cancer antigen 19-9), 132

CA 27-29 tumor marker (cancer antigen 27-29), 130

CA-125 tumor marker (cancer antigen-125), 134

Calcitonin, 136

Calcium, blood (Ca), 138

Calcium infusion test, 137

Calcium oxalate crystals in urine, 961, 961f

Calcium oxalate stone, 972

Caloric study, 538

Campylobacter pylori testing, 1101, 1102t

Campylobacter-like organism test (CLO), 1101

Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3 tumor marker), 130

Cancer antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9 tumor marker), 132

Cancer antigen 27-29 (CA 27-29 tumor marker), 130

Cancer antigen-125 (CA-125 tumor marker), 134

Cancer drug resistance testing, 1087

Cannabis (marijuana), 953

Capillary fragility, 698

Capillary puncture, 20

Capsule endoscopy, 609

Captopril renal scan, 829, 830t

Captopril test, 449

Carbon dioxide content (CO₂ content), 141

Carbon monoxide (CO), 143, 144t

Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), 143, 144t

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), 145

Carcinoid nuclear scan, 817

Cardiac catheterization, 1008, 1009t, 1010f, 1011b, 1012f

Cardiac echography, 877, 878f, 880f

Cardiac enzymes, 187, 188t

Cardiac flow studies, 791, 792t

Cardiac genetic testing, 1093

Cardiac index (CI), 1009t

Cardiac mapping, 559

Cardiac nuclear scan, 791, 792t, 793f–795f

Cardiac nuclear stress testing, 793

Cardiac output (CO), 1009t

Cardiac scan, 791

Cardiac stent, 1010

Cardiac stress testing, 540, 540b, 541f, 542b, 877–879

Cardiac-specific troponin I (cTnI), 508

Cardiac-specific troponin T (cTnT), 508

Cardiolipin antibodies, 68

Cardiovascular disease, genetic testing for, 1093

Carotid angiogram, 988–989, 989f

Carotid artery duplex scan, 874

Carotid intima-media thickness, 874

Carotid ultrasound, 874

Casts in urine, 962–963, 969

CAT scan (computed tomography), 1020, 1020f, 1024f

Catecholamines, 975

Cathepsin D, 717

CATT (computerized axial transverse tomography), 1026, 1028f

CBC (complete blood cell count), 174–175, 175f

CCDRT (cell culture drug resistance testing), 1087

CCP IgG (cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody), 72

CD4 marker, 147

CD4 percentage, 147

CD4/CD8 ratio, 147

CD4-cell count, 147–148, 295t

CDU (color Doppler ultrasound)

in arterial duplex scanning, 900–901

CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen), 145

Celiac antibodies, 250

Cell culture drug resistance testing (CCDRT), 1087

Cell surface antibodies, 197

Cell surface immunophenotyping, 147

Cellular urinary casts, 962–963

Central venous pressure, 1009t

Centromere antibody, 69

Cerebral angiography, 988, 989f

Cerebral blood flow, 785

Cerebral death, 553, 553b

Cerebrospinal fluid examination, 651, 653f, 654t–655t

Cerebrospinal fluid prealbumin, 412

Cerebrospinal fluid protein electrophoresis, 655

Ceruloplasmin (Cp), 150

Cervical biopsy, 720

Cervical cancer

human papillomavirus and, 649

screening recommendations for, 650t

Cervical culture, 733, 756

Cervical mucus sperm penetration, 676

magnetic resonance imaging of, 1109

CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene), 679, 1097

Chemical stress testing, 540b, 541

Chemiluminescent immunoassay, 4

Chemosensitivity assay, 1087

Chest, computed tomography of, 1029

Chest leads, 545, 545f, 548, 548f, 880f

computed tomography of, 1032

Chest x-ray (CXR), 1014, 1016f–1017f, 1018t

CHF peptides, 367

barium enema and, 996b

blood creatinine and, 192b

urine specimen from, 907

Chitobioside carbohydrate antibody, 82

Chlamydia testing, 722

Cholangiography, 1070

Cholangiopancreatography, 605, 606f

Cholescintigraphy, 796, 798t

Cholesterol, 154

Cholinesterase (CHS), 159

Cholinesterase RBC, 159

Chorionic villus biopsy (CVB), 1088

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS), 635, 1088, 1090f

Christmas factor, 164t–165t, 169

Chromatin antibody, 70

Chromogranin A, 462

Chromosome karyotype, 161, 163t

Chromosome studies, 161, 163t

CHS (cholinesterase), 159

CI (cardiac index), 1009t

Cisternogram, 785

Citrullinated antibody, 72

CK (creatine kinase), 186, 187f, 188t

CK-BB isoenzyme, 187, 189

CK-MB isoenzyme, 187, 187f, 188t

CK-MM isoenzyme, 187, 189–190

Clean-catch urine specimen, 906, 974

CLO (Campylobacter-like organism test), 1101

Clonidine suppression test (CST), 389

Clostridial toxin assay, 849

Clostridium difficile testing, 849

CMG (cystometrogram), 688

CMV (cytomegalovirus), 200

CNP (C-type natriuretic peptide), 367

CO (carbon monoxide), 143, 144t

CO (cardiac output), 1009t

CO₂ content (carbon dioxide content), 141

CO₂-combining power, 141

Coagulating factor concentration, 163, 164t–165t, 166f–167f

Coagulation, 167f, 434–435

Coagulation factor inhibitors, 168

Coagulation factors, 163, 164t

Coccygeal x-ray, 1067

Coding for tests, 1–2

COHb (carboxyhemoglobin), 143, 144t

Cold agglutinin syndrome, 170–171

Cold agglutinins, 170

Cold thyroid nodule, 839–841, 840f

Collection tubes, 15, 16t

genetic testing for, 1093

tumor analysis in, 724

Colonoscopy, 591, 592t–593t, 805–806

Color Doppler ultrasound (CDU)

in arterial duplex scanning, 900–901

Color flow Doppler echocardiography, 864f, 878f

Color flow Doppler imaging, 863, 864f

of blood flow within heart and great vessels, 877

carotid artery duplex scan and, 874

Colorectal cancer screening, 592, 593t, 857–858, 858t

Colostomy, barium enema and, 998b

ColoVantage, 460

Colposcopy, 595, 596f, 596t

Complement assay, 172

Complete blood cell count (CBC), 174–175, 175f

Computed tomography (CT, CAT scan), 983

of abdomen and pelvis, 1020, 1020f, 1024f

of brain, 1026, 1028f

of heart, 1032, 1033f, 1034t

Computerized axial transverse tomography (CATT), 1026, 1028f

Conduction studies, 573

Conduction velocity, 574

Cone biopsy, 720

Confirmed drug abuse survey, 950

Conization, 720

Conjugated bilirubin, 122, 122f, 125

Connecting peptide insulin, 182

Contraceptive device localization, 875

Contraction stress test (CST), 538, 566

Contrast studies, 983, 984b

direct, 175, 176b

Coproporphyrin, 940

Coronary angiography, 1008, 1009t, 1010f, 1011b, 1012f

Coronary angioplasty, 1012–1013

Coronary arterial stent, 1010

Coronary calcium score, 1032

Coronary CT angiography, 1032, 1033f

Coronary disease risk prediction score sheet, 155, 156b–157b

Coronary ultrasound, 877, 878f, 880f

Corticotropin, 31, 32t

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), 31–32, 179, 204

Cortisol stimulation, 34

Cortisol suppression, 204

Cosyntropin, adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation with, 34

Cp (ceruloplasmin), 150

CPK (creatine phosphokinase), 186, 187f, 188t

Crack cocaine, 953

CrCl (creatinine clearance), 193, 193b, 194t

C-reactive protein (CRP), 184

Creatine kinase (CK), 186, 187f, 188t

Creatine phosphokinase (CPK), 186, 187f, 188t

Creatinine, 190, 192b, 906

Creatinine clearance (CrCl), 193, 193b, 194t

CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone), 31–32, 179

Critical values, 22b

Crohn disease prognostic panel, 82

Crossmatching of blood, 129–130, 129b, 129f

Cross-table lateral view of abdomen, 1051

CRP (C-reactive protein), 184

Cryoglobulin, 196

Crystals in urine, 961, 961f, 964, 969

CST (clonidine suppression test), 389

CST (fetal contraction stress test), 566, 567b

CT angiography, 1020

CT colonoscopy, 1020

CT myelography, 1048

CT nephrotomography, 1022

CT pulmonary arteriography, 1030

CT urogram, 1022

C-telopeptide (CTx), 915

cTnI (cardiac-specific troponin I), 508

cTnT (cardiac-specific troponin T), 508

CTx (C-telopeptide), 915

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), 367

herpes simplex virus, 732

for sexually transmitted disease, 756, 758f

sputum, 761, 762f

throat and nose, 765, 765f

tuberculosis, 768

Culture and sensitivity (C&S), 704

blood, 708, 709f

sputum, 761, 762f

urine, 906, 973

wound and soft tissue, 776, 778f

Cutaneous immunofluorescence antibodies, 197

Cutaneous immunofluorescence biopsy, 760

CVB (chorionic villus biopsy), 1088

CVS (chorionic villus sampling), 635, 1088, 1090f

CXR (Chest x-ray), 1014, 1016f–1017f, 1018t

Cyanocobalamin, 518, 519b

Cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (CCP IgG), 72

Cyst aspiration, breast, 645

Cystatin C, 191

Cystic fibrosis

genetic testing for, 1093

pancreatic enzymes in, 660

sweat electrolytes in, 678, 680f

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR), 679, 1097

Cystography, 1036, 1037f

Cystometrogram (CMG), 688

Cystometry, 688

Cystoscopy, 598, 599f–600f

Cystourethrography, 1036, 1037f

Cytochrome P450 genotype testing using PCR amplification, 214t, 215

Cytochrome P450 system (CYP450 system), 214t, 215

Cytogenetics, 161, 163t, 1105

ascitic fluid, 662

for cancer, 743

liquid-based cervical, 743

Cytomegalovirus (CMV), 200

Cytoplasmic ANCA (c-ANCA), 87

Cytoplasmic antibody, 87

DAT (direct antiglobulin test), 175, 176b

D-Dimer test, 202

Dead space, 1120

Decubitus film in chest x-ray, 1015

DEFINITY (perflutren), 879, 897

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 29, 929–930

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA S), 29

Delta bilirubin, 124

Delta-aminolevulinic acid, 922

Demanated gliadin antibodies, 250

Density coefficient, 983

11-Deoxycortisol, 29

Dermographism, 1080

DEXA scan (dual-energy densitometry), 1002, 1003b, 1005f

Dexamethasone suppression (DS), 204

DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone), 29, 929–930

DHEA S (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate), 29

Diabetes mellitus autoantibody panel, 206

Diabetic control index, 266, 267t

Diagnostic bronchoscopy, 587, 588f

Diagnostic mammography, 1044

computed tomography of, 1032

Dibucaine inhibition number, 159–160

DIC screening (disseminated intravascular coagulation screening), 210, 211f, 211t

Dick test, 1128b

Differential count (diff), 174–175, 175f

Diffusing capacity of lung (D_L), 1118–1119, 1121

Digital mammography, 1043, 1045f–1046f, 1048f

Digital subtraction angiography, 983–985, 988

1, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D (1, 25(OH)₂D), 520, 522t

2, 3-Diphosphoglycerate, 208

Dipstick testing of urine, 909

Dipyridamole for chemical stress testing, 541

Direct antiglobulin test (DAT), 175, 176b

Direct bilirubin, 122, 122f, 125

Direct Coombs test, 175, 176b

Direct immunofluorescence antibody test, 760

DISIDA scanning, 796, 798t

Disseminated intravascular coagulation screening (DIC screening), 210, 211f, 211t

Diuretic renal scan, 832

D_L (diffusing capacity of lung), 1118–1119, 1121

DNA antibody, 78

DNA evidence collection in sexual assault, 675b

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genetic testing, 724

DNA ploidy status, 717

DNA probe, 4–5

DNA sequencing, 4–5

DNA stool sample test, 857

DNA testing for paternity, 1099

Dobutamine for chemical stress testing, 542

Donated blood, blood tests required on, 129–130, 129b

Doppler ultrasound, 862

carotid artery duplex scan and, 874

Double-contrast barium enema, 995, 995f

Double-voided urine specimen, 906

Downey test, 848

Drug monitoring, 211, 213b, 213t–214t

Drug response assay, 1087

Drug screening, 948, 949t, 950f

Drug sensitivity genotype testing (AccuType), 216

Drug sensitivity testing, 761–762

Drugs affecting urine color, 959t

DS (dexamethasone suppression), 204

DSMA renal scan, 829, 830t

DTPA renal scan, 829, 830t

Dual isotope subtraction test, 819–820

Dual-energy densitometry (DEXA scan), 1002, 1003b, 1005f

Ductal lavage, breast, 603–604, 645

Ductoscopy, 603, 603f

Duplex scan, ultrasound, 863

of carotid artery, 874

venous/arterial, 900

D-xylose absorption, 533

Dynamic CT scanning, 1021

Dynamic scanning, 780–781

Ear oximetry, 1114

Early prostate cancer antigen (EPCA), 422–423

EBV antibody titer (Epstein-Barr virus testing), 217, 218t

ECG (electrocardiography), 544, 545f–546f, 548f, 549t

Echo stress testing, 540

Echocardiography, 877, 878f, 880f

transesophageal, 897, 898f

transthoracic, 877, 878f, 880f

Echography, 866

ECoG (electrocorticography), 550

EDV (end-diastolic volume), 1009t

EEG (electroencephalography), 549, 552f–553f, 1125t

EF (ejection fraction), 799, 1009t

EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy), 608, 609t

eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate), 194, 194t

EIA (enzyme immunoassay), 3

Ejection fraction (EF), 799, 1009t

EKG (electrocardiography), 544, 545f–546f, 548f, 549t

barium enema and, 997b

blood creatinine and, 192b

cardiac catheterization and, 1011b

fecal fat tests and, 852b

renal angiography and, 990b

venography and, 1076b

Electrocardiograph stress testing, 540

Electrocardiography (ECG, EKG), 544, 545f–546f, 548f, 549t

Electrocorticography (ECoG), 550

Electrodiagnostic tests, 536–577, 537t

Electroencephalography (EEG), 549, 552f–553f, 1125t

Electrolyte abnormalities, electrocardiogram abnormalities and, 549t

Electromyography (EMG), 554, 556f, 576

Electromyoneurography, 574

Electroneurography, 573

Electronystagmography (ENG), 557, 559f

Electrooculography, 557

Electrophoresis, 3, 655

Electrophysiologic study (EPS), 559

Electroretinography, 563

ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), 3

for group A streptococcus, 766

for herpes simplex virus, 732

for SARS virus, 754

EMG (electromyography), 554, 556f

End-diastolic left ventricular pressure, 1009t

End-diastolic volume (EDV), 1009t

Endocervical biopsy, 720

Endocervical curettage, 720

Endometrial biopsy, 726

Endomysial antibodies, 250

Endoscope, 580, 580f

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), 605, 606f, 742, 1054t

Endoscopy, 578–629, 579b, 579t

gastrointestinal, 580

pelvic, 617, 618f, 618t

sinus, 625, 626f

upper gastrointestinal, 608, 609t

Endourethral ultrasound, 867

Endourology, 582, 598

End-systolic volume (ESV), 1009t

ENG (electronystagmography), 557, 559f

Enzyme immunoassay (EIA), 3

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 3

for group A streptococcus, 766

for herpes simplex virus, 732

for SARS virus, 754

Enzymes involved in drug metabolism, 20

Eosinophil count, 526, 526b–527b, 528f–529f, 532t

EP studies (evoked potential studies), 562, 563t, 564f

EPCA (early prostate cancer antigen), 422–423

Epinephrine, 975

Epithelial casts, 962, 970

Epithelial cells in urine, 962, 970

EPO (erythropoietin), 224

EPS (electrophysiologic study), 559

Epstein-Barr virus testing (EBV antibody titer), 217, 218t

ERA (estrogen receptor assay), 728

ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography), 605, 606f, 742

Erect abdominal film, 1051

ERV (expiratory reserve volume), 1119, 1119f

Erythrocyte count, 439

Erythrocyte fragility, 219

Erythrocyte indices, 442

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, Sed rate test), 221, 223f

Erythropoietin (EPO), 224

Esophageal function studies, 691, 694f

Esophageal manometry, 691

Esophageal motility studies, 691

Esophageal pH monitoring, 692

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), 608, 609t

Esophagogram, 999

ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate), 221, 223f

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), 194, 194t

Estradiol receptor, 728

Estriol excretion, 226

Estrogen fraction, 226

Estrogen receptor assay (ERA), 728

ESV (end-systolic volume), 1009t

Ethyl alcohol, 229

EUG (excretory urography), 1056

Event recorder, 571, 572f–573f

Evoked brain potentials, 562

Evoked potential studies (EP studies), 562, 563t, 564f

Evoked responses, 562

Excretory urography (EUG), 1056

Exercise stress test, 796

Exercise testing, 540, 540b, 542b

Exocrine pancreatic enzymes, 660

Expiratory reserve volume (ERV), 1119, 1119f

Extractable nuclear antibody, 79

Extractable nuclear antigen, 79

Extrahepatic ducts, ultrasound of, 868, 870

Exudate, transudate versus, 663t

fluorescein angiography of, 1091

ultrasonography of, 886

F1+2 (prothrombin fragment), 482

FA (fluorescein angiography), 1091

F-actin smooth muscle antibody, 95

Factor assay, 163, 164t–165t, 166f–167f

Factor V-Leiden (FVL), 231

computed tomography of, 1025

hysterosalpingography and, 1038

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), 1095–1096

FAP (familial adenomatous polyposis), 1095–1096

Fasting blood sugar (FBS), 253

Fat absorption, 851

Fatty casts, 962, 970

FBS (fasting blood sugar), 253

FDPs (fibrin degradation products), 202, 482

Febrile agglutinins, 233

Febrile antibodies, 233

Fecal fat test, 851, 852b

Fecal immunochemical test (FIT), 857

Fecal occult blood test (FOBT), 857, 858t

FEF (forced expiratory flow), 1120

Fe_Na (fractionated excretion of sodium), 946–947

FEP (free erythrocyte protoporphyrin), 940

Ferritin, 234, 236t

Fetal activity determination, 569

Fetal biophysical profile (BPP), 881

Fetal body movements, 882

Fetal breathing movements, 882

Fetal contraction stress test (CST), 566, 567b

Fetal effects of radiation exposure, 985

Fetal fibronectin (fFN), 647

Fetal heart rate reactivity, 881–882

Fetal hemoglobin testing, 237

Fetal lung maturity test (FLM), 633

Fetal muscle tone, 882

Fetal nonstress test (NST), 569

Fetal nuchal translucency (FNT), 888

Fetal oxygen saturation monitoring (FSpo₂), 1115

Fetal scalp blood pH, 239

Fetoscopy, 612, 613f

FEV₁ (forced expiratory volume in 1 second), 1119

fFN (fetal fibronectin), 647

Fiberoptic bronchoscopy, 589–590, 590f

Fibrin clot formation, 167f

Fibrin degradation products (FDPs), 202, 482

Fibrin monomers, 482

Fibrin split products (FSPs), 202, 482

Fibrin stabilizing factor, 164t

Fibrinogen, 164t–165t, 166, 168, 241

Fibrinolysin, 394

Fibrinolysis, 167f

Fibrinopeptide A (FPA), 482

First morning urine specimen, 904–905

FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization), 5, 1105

bladder cancer markers and, 914–915

bone marrow biopsy and, 714

in measurement of HER-2 protein, 719

pancreatobiliary, 741

FIT (fecal immunochemical test), 857

Flat plate of abdomen, 1040, 1041f–1042f

Flexible fiberoptic scope, 580, 580f

FLM (fetal lung maturity test), 633

Flow cytometry, 147

Flow studies, 791, 792t

Fluid analysis studies, 630–686

Fluorescein angiography (FA), 1091

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), 5, 1105

bladder cancer markers and, 914–915

bone marrow biopsy and, 714

in measurement of HER-2 protein, 719

pancreatobiliary, 741

Fluorescent immunoassay, 4

Fluorescent treponemal antibody (FTA), 473, 474b

Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test (FTA-ABS), 473–474

Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), 822

Fluoroscopy, 983, 1015

FNT (fetal nuchal translucency), 888

FOBT (fecal occult blood test), 857, 858t

Folic acid, 242

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), 227, 348

Food ingestion effect on test results, 8

Forced expiratory flow (FEF), 1120

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁), 1119

Forced midexpiratory flow, 1119

Forced vital capacity (FVC), 1119

Forensic genetic testing, 1093

FPA (fibrinopeptide A), 482

Fractionated excretion of sodium (FE_Na), 946–947

Fracture risk assessment (FRAX), 1003–1004

red blood cell, 219

Fragment D-Dimer, 202

Framingham Coronary Prediction algorithm, 155, 156b–157b

FRAX (fracture risk assessment), 1003–1004

FRC (functional residual capacity), 1119f, 1120

Free cortisol, 920

Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP), 940

Free kappa and lambda light chains, 911

Free prostate specific antigen, 422, 422t

Free thyroxine, 497

Free triiodothyronine, 506

FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), 227, 348

FSpo₂ (fetal oxygen saturation monitoring), 1115

FSPs (fibrin split products), 482

FT₄ (thyroxine screen), 497

FTA (fluorescent treponemal antibody), 473, 474b

FTA-ABS (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test), 473–474

Functional antithrombin III assay, 100

Functional residual capacity (FRC), 1119f, 1120

Functioning thyroid nodule, 839–841

Fungal antibody, 729

Fungitell (fungal antibody), 729, 730t

Fusion CT/PET scan, 1022

FVC (forced vital capacity), 1119

FVL (factor V-Leiden), 231

G6PD quantification (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase), 259, 260b

G6PD screen (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase screen), 259, 260b

GAD Ab (glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody), 206

GAL-3 (galectin-3), 245

Galectin-3 (GAL-3), 245

computed tomography of, 1025

nuclear scanning of, 796, 798t

ultrasonography of, 866, 866t, 868f

Gallium scan, 799

Gamma globulin levels, 431

Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), 246

Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP, g-GTP), 246

Gas dilution studies, 1120

Gas exchange studies, 1118–1121

Gastric emptying scan, 801, 802f

Gastroesophageal reflux scan (GE reflux scan), 803

Gastrointestinal bleeding scan, 805, 806b

Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 580

Gastrointestinal tract

computed tomography of, 1025

upper GI series of, 1072, 1074f

x-ray visualization of, 1065t

Gastroscopy, 608, 609t

Gated blood pool scan, 793, 794f

GE reflux scan (gastroesophageal reflux scan), 803

Gender effect on test results, 8

Genetic effects of radiation exposure, 985

Genetic testing, 1093

for drug monitoring, 212–215

Genital warts, 731

German measles, 457, 458t

GFR (glomerular filtration rate), 193, 194t

GGT (gamma-glutamyl transferase), 246

g-GTP (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), 246

GGTP (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), 246

GH (growth hormone), 269

stimulation test of, 272

suppression test of, 270

GH provocation, 272

GHB (glycosylated hemoglobin), 266, 267t

GHb (glycosylated hemoglobin), 266, 267t

GI scintigraphy, 805, 806b

Gliadin antibodies, 250

Glomerular basement antibody, 81

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), 193, 194t

Glucagon stimulation test, 389

postprandial, 257

Glucose tolerance (GT), 261, 262t, 263f

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency DNA sequencing (G6PD), 259, 260b

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase screen (G6PD), 259, 260b

Glucosuria, 924

Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD Ab), 206

Glycan antibody, 82

Glycated protein, 266, 267t

Glycohemoglobin, 266, 267t

Glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb, GHB), 266, 267t

GOLPH2 biomarker, 423

Gonorrhea, 756, 759t

Goodpasture's antibody, 81

Gram stain, 704

sputum culture and, 761, 762f

wound culture and, 777

Granular casts, 962, 969

Granulocyte antibodies, 370, 371b

Growth factors, 199

Growth hormone (GH), 269

stimulation test of, 272

suppression test of, 270

GT (glucose tolerance), 261, 262t, 263f

Gynecologic procedures, 596t

Gynecologic video laparoscopy, 617, 618f, 618t

H. pylori, 1101, 1102t

HAA (hepatitis-associated antigen), 286, 288t

Hageman factor, 164t–165t, 170

HAI (hemagglutination inhibition), 457, 458t

Haptoglobin, 274

Hb (hematocrit), 281, 281b

hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), 304, 305t

hCG beta subunit (human chorionic gonadotropin), 304, 305t

(bicarbonate), 110, 111t, 112, 141

HCS (human chorionic somatomammotropin), 308

Hct (hematocrit), 277, 277b, 278f

HCT (human calcitonin), 136

HCY (homocysteine), 301

HDLs (high-density lipoproteins), 154, 342, 342b, 343t

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), 9

cardiac catheterization and, 1008, 1009t, 1010f, 1011b, 1012f

cardiac stress testing of, 540, 542b

computed tomography of, 1031–1032, 1033f, 1034t

echocardiography of, 877, 878f, 880f

electrophysiologic study of, 559

Holter monitoring of, 571, 572f–573f

magnetic resonance imaging of, 1108–1109, 1113–1114

positron emission tomography of, 823

Heart scan, 791

Heavy metals, 56

Heinz body preparation, 275

Helical CT arteriography, 1022

Helical/spiral CT scan

of abdomen and pelvis, 1020

Helicobacter pylori antigen stool test, 1101

Helicobacter pylori breath test, 1101, 1102t, 1130

Helicobacter pylori testing, 1101, 1102t

Hemagglutination, 2

Hemagglutination inhibition (HAI), 457, 458t

Hematocrit (Hct), 277, 277b, 278f

Heme, 122, 122f

Hemoccult slide test, 859

Hemochromatosis, genetic testing for, 1093

Hemochromatosis-associated HFE genes, 1098–1099

Hemoglobin (Hgb, Hb), 281, 281b

Hemoglobin A_1c (HbA_1c), 266, 267t

Hemoglobin electrophoresis (Hgb electrophoresis), 284, 285t

Hemoglobin F, 284, 285t

Hemoglobin M, 359

Hemoglobin S (Hgb S), 464, 465f

Hemolytic blood transfusion, 176b

Hemorrhagic fever, 1082, 1083t

Hemostasis, 164, 167f, 434–435

Heparin cofactor, 100

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia antibodies, 400

Hepatitis virus studies, 286, 288t

Hepatitis-associated antigen (HAA), 286, 288t

Hepatobiliary imaging, 796, 798t

Hepatobiliary scintigraphy, 796, 798t

HER-2 (c erbB2, neu) protein, 717

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), 1098–1099

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), 1095–1096, 1096t

Herpes genitalis, 731

Herpes simplex (HSV), 731

Herpesvirus types 1 and2, 731

Heterophil antibody test, 363

Hex A (hexosaminidase), 290

Hexosaminidase (Hex A), 290

Hgb (hematocrit), 281, 281b

Hgb electrophoresis (hemoglobin electrophoresis), 284, 285t

Hgb S (hemoglobin S), 464, 465f

HGH (human growth hormone), 269

HH (hereditary hemochromatosis), 1098–1099

HIDA scanning, 796, 798t

High-density lipoproteins (HDLs, HDL-C), 154, 342, 342b, 343t

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), 184

HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act), 9

Histocompatibility leukocyte A antigen, 306, 307t

Histone antibodies, 71

HIV drug resistance testing, 292

HIV drug sensitivity testing, 293

HIV genotype, 292

HIV RNA quantification, 294, 295t

HIV serologic and virologic testing, 297, 297t, 298t, 299f

HIV tropism, 292

HIV viral load, 294, 295t

HIV-RNA viral test, 297, 297t, 298t, 299f

HLA antigen (human leukocyte antigen), 306, 307t

HLA-B27 antigen, 306, 307t

HNPCC (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer), 1095–1096, 1096t

Holter monitoring, 571, 572f–573f

Homocysteine (HCY), 301

Homovanillic acid (HVA), 975

hPL (human placental lactogen), 308

HPV test (human papillomavirus), 648, 650t

hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), 184

HSV (herpes simplex), 731

5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine), 462

HTLV-I/II antibody (human T-cell lymphotrophic virus), 310

Human calcitonin (HCT), 136

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, hCG beta subunit), 18, 304

Human chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS), 308

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER 2/neu), 718

Human growth hormone (HGH), 269

Human immunodeficiency virus antibody test, 297, 297t, 298t, 299f

Human interferon inducible protein10, 199

Human leukocyte A antigen, 306, 307t

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA antigen), 306, 307t

Human papillomavirus (HPV test), 648, 650t

Human placental lactogen (hPL), 308

Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus (HTLV-I/II antibody), 310

HVA (homovanillic acid), 975

Hyaline casts, 962, 970

Hyaluronan binding assay, 672

Hybrid Capture II DNA assay, 649

Hydrocortisone, 179, 920

Hydrogen breath test, 333

3-Hydroxy cotinine, 936

25-Hydroxy vitamin D and D₃, 520, 522t

Hydroxyapatite stone, 972

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OCHS), 926

5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), 928

21-Hydroxylase antibodies, 311

17-Hydroxypregnenolone, 29

17-Hydroxyprogesterone, 29

5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), 462

Hypercalcemia, 139–141

Hyperchloremia, 153

Hypercoagulability, 481

Hyperglycemia, 256

Hyperkalemia, 409–411

Hyperlipidemias, 345t

Hypernatremia, 467–468

Hyperphosphatemia, 392–393

Hypoalbuminemia, 139

Hypocalcemia, 139, 141

Hypochloremia, 153–154

Hypocoagulability, 481

Hypoglycemia, 256

Hypokalemia, 409–412

Hyponatremia, 467–469

Hypophosphatemia, 393

Hysterosalpingography, 1038

Hysteroscopy, 614, 615f