AACR see Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules
abbreviations, as descriptors 145, 148
abstracting services
in the organization of knowledge 24
record formats in 71
in secondary services 67
in manual- and machine-searchable indexes 341
accessibility, of information 9
acronyms
filing 355
defined 254
ADONIS electronic journal archive 382
ALA Rules for Filing Catalog Cards 354
alphabetical display, in thesauri 155
alphabetical index
to Bliss Bibliographic Classification 237
to classification schedules 210
to Dewey Decimal Classification schedules 223
to Universal Decimal Classification 232–3
alphabetical indexing languages, defined 126
alphabetical subdivision, in library of Congress Classification 227
alphabetical subject arrangement 337
alphabetical subject catalogues 343
alphabetically arranged databases 251–2
alternatives, in classification 204
analytico-synthetic classification see faceted classification
Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules 252–70
and document access 73
and document representation 73
geographic names 260
and MARC 269
structure of 253
annotation, defined 70
annotations, in catalogues 251
arrays
in Dewey Decimal Classification 220–21
arrowgraphs, in thesauri 160
articulated subject indexes 167, 181
ASCII character set 46
assigned-term indexing, defined 125–6
associative relationship 151–3
Australian Bibliographic Network 387–8
author arrangement 338
author catalogues 342
Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules 252–70
author indexes, filing problems 357
author/title catalogues 246–7, 343
Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules 252–70
and Internet resources 322
in Library of Congress Classification 227
back-of-book indexes 53, 343, 351–3
Bath Information and Data Services 385
BC2 see Bliss Bibliographic Classification
best match searching, World-Wide Web 311
bibliographic catalogue 249, 266–9
bibliographic classification 193–211
bibliographic classification schemes 215–42
bibliographic databases, defined 28
bibliographic description 73–85
chief source of information in 74
functions of 74
levels of 75
punctuation of 74
bibliographic records
defined 46
bibliographic relationships 42, 44
bibliographic utilities
and catalogue database creation 294
as online search services 279–80
bibliographies
defined 26
in the organization of knowledge 24
bibliography, defined 60
BIDS 385
Biological abstracts 346
BLAISE-LINE 282
BLCMP 384
Bliss Bibliographic Classification 233–8
document types and formats in 40–41
faceted features in 199
main classes in 201
boolean search logic, defined 133–4
British Library
Automated Information Services 382–4
Bibliographic Services Division 382
British National Bibliography 382
and Dewey Decimal Classification 224–5
broader terms 149–51, 155, 157
broken order 337
browsers, World-Wide Web 306–7
browsing 24–5, 103–6, 336, 342
building blocks search strategy 105–7
buttons, in GUI interfaces 115
cartographic materials, bibliographic description 82
cases approach, to catalogue codes 252, 256
catalogues
as databases 28
entries, citations and metadata, discussed 26–7
in the organization of knowledge 24
cataloguing
defined 60
records for 73
cataloguing modules, in library management systems 294–6
cataloguing rules
need for 251
out-of-dateness of 269
see also Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules
Cataloguing-in-Publication 88
and expert users 97
compared with online databases and Internet resources 307–9
publishers 287
character sets 46
characterizing function of catalogues 250–51
chief source of information, in bibliographic description 74
CIP 88
citation, defined 60
in Dewey Decimal Classification 219–22
in Universal Decimal Classification 231–2
citation pearl growing search strategy 106–8
catalogue entries and metadata, discussed 266–7
compilation of citation lists 64–6
display, in MARC format 24
Harvard (name and date) system 63–4
of non-book materials 65
numeric (Vancouver) system 63–4
personal bibliographic file management software 66–7
standards for 63
classes of one 150
in Dewey Decimal Classification 222
in Library of Congress Subject Headings 176
and Internet resources 322–3, 331
as indexing languages 126
semantic relationships in 149, 151, 152
classified catalogues 343
classified subject arrangement 336–8
client programs, World-Wide Web 306–7
uniform titles 265
collocative catalogues 249–50, 266–9
Colon Classification 202, 238–9
colour, in interface design 117
command buttons, in GUI interfaces 115
command-based interfaces 110, 115–16
commodity, information as a 7
Common Command Language 116
Common Communications Format 89–90
in Dewey Decimal Classification 222
in Library Of Congress Subject Headings 177–8
in Library of Congress Classification 227
in Universal Decimal Classification 231
community information, and OPACs 298
complex topics, in indexing 132
compound terms, as descriptors 146–7
computer files, bibliographic description 83–4
concept analysis
in indexing 100
in searching 102
conditions approach, to catalogue codes 252–6
CONSER 382
Consortium of University and Research Libraries 385
content specification 124–5, 127–32
controlled indexing languages
compared with natural indexing languages 128
controlled subject terms
and Internet resources 322
in back-of-book indexes 352
Cooperative Online Serials 382
added entries under 257
main entry under 255
references to headings for 263–4
cost, as evaluation measure 367
CURL 385
current awareness searching 25, 106–9
Cutter, Charles Ammi. Rules for a dictionary catalog 173–4, 247
Cutter numbers 210
and Library of Congress Classification 228
cycling 184
data
knowledge, and information 21
useful, information as 6
data entry, for cataloguing 294–5
data mining 26
Data-Star 282
database management systems, multimedia 37
databases
creation
bibliographic utilities and 294
defined 27
producers, CD-ROM 287
security aspects 374
DDC see Dewey Decimal Classification
in back-of-book indexes 353
derived-term indexing see natural indexing languages
description see bibliographic description
descriptive bibliography, defined 60
descriptive cataloguing 73–85, 250
descriptive markup 47
descriptors
defined 143
design aspects, systems 361–89
Dewey Decimal Classification 215–25
abridged editions 224
alphabetical index 223
common facets 222
enumerative features 197–8, 203–4
main classes 218
Manual 224
notation 222
organization, revision and use 223–5
summaries 223
tables 222
Dialog Information Retrieval Services 282
Dialog Web 280
dialogue boxes, in GUI interfaces 112–13
dictionary catalogues 165–6, 343
DIMDI 282
direct catalogues 247–9, 266–9
direct manipulation, in GUI interfaces 112
directories, World-Wide Web 312
disciplines 169
display options, in searching 140–43
division of classes, in classification schemes 196–9
document access, AACR and 73
and the World-Wide Web 319
document profiles, in indexing 99–100
document publishing, World-Wide Web 323–30
document publishing and management systems 324–7
AACR and 73
characteristics and problems 59–62
location and accessibility in 61
and search keys 61
for selection 61
document summaries 70
document surrogates see document representation
documents
defined 40
levels of 44
text-based, types and formats 40–41
double-KWIC indexes 348
Dow Jones 282
Dublin Metadata Core Element Set 49–51
EARL 384
editor, works produced under the direction of 255–6
El Village 280
electronic document delivery 386–7
electronic documents
electronic journals 382–3, 385–6
electronic publication process 325–9
end-user searching 102
and recall and precision 365
Engineering Internet Village 280
entries
denned 246
entry element, personal names 258
entry vocabulary, recall and precision 364–5
enumerative classification
compared with faceted classification 196–201
equivalence relationship 147–9
ERIC, publication types 41, 43
evaluation
of online search services 281–3
of World-Wide Web sites 319–20
in back-of-book indexes 353
expert systems 45
expert users 97
expressiveness, of notation 208–9
external databases 27
extract, defined 70
facet structure
in Bliss Bibliographic Classification 234–5
in Colon Classification 239
in Dewey Decimal Classification 218–20
in Universal Decimal Classification 230–31
faceted classification 196–201
facets
in standard citation order 168–71
fields
defined 62
and inverted files 36
searching on 138
file transfer protocol 306
files, defined 27
fileservers, for CD-ROMs 285
finding list, function of catalogues 247–9, 266–9
firewalls 307
fixed length fields, defined 62
fixed location 216
form approach, in catalogues 250
form filling dialogue, in GUI interfaces 113
frames, in knowledge representation 45–6
FT Information 282
FTP 306
full-text databases 31
full-text indexing 127
fundamental categories 153
general classification schemes 195
generalia class 202
generic markup 47
geographic names 260
in Library of Congress Subject Headings 178
government bodies and officials 262–3
non-book media 81
graphic displays, in thesauri 160
graphic materials, bibliographic description 83
graphical user interfaces see GUI based interfaces
see also user interfaces
Harvard system, citations 63–4
headings for corporate bodies 260–64
references to 259
help desks 375
heuristic searching 25
hierarchical relationship 149–51
in classification 191
hierarchical term display, in thesauri 155, 157
hierarchies
in classification 208
in Dewey Decimal Classification 217
in library of Congress Classification 226–7
historical bibliography, defined 60
home pages, World-Wide Web 306, 318–19
homographs 145
hospitality, in classification 206–7
HTTP 306
hyperlinks 306
and browsing 105
hypertext, defined 26
hypertext markup language 48, 306
hypertext transfer protocol 306
ICC 282
icons, in GUI interfaces 115
identifiers 150
image processing 26
imprint see publication, distribution etc., area
indexes
manual- and machine-searchable, compared 339–42
title-based 52
indexing
of Internet resources 322
and searching, processes of 99–109
and the World-Wide Web 307, 327–8, 331
see also alphabetical index
indexing and abstracting services 60
indexing language, translation of document theme into 100–101
definitions and types 26–7, 125–7
devices influencing recall and precision 364
indexing services
in the organization of knowledge 24
record formats in 71
indexing software, back-of-book indexes 353
indexing systems, evaluation measures 362–9
indexing terms see descriptors
indicative-informative abstracts 68–9
indicators, in MARC records 87
information
knowledge, and data 21
sources of 21
Information Access [search service] 282
information filtering 26
information management
information processing, defined 14
information professionals, roles of 378–89
information retrieval see also search (-es, -ing), online search services
information retrieval, MARC and 88
information retrieval systems, manual 335–59
information systems
defined 10
see also systems
instances (classes of one) 150
integrated information solutions 280–81
intelligent agents, World-Wide Web 313–14
interfaces see user interfaces
intermediaries, in searching 25, 101–2
internal databases 27
International Standard Bibliographic Descriptions 73
International Standard Book Number 79
International Standard Serial Number 79
see also World-Wide Web, Web
Internet access, and CD-ROMs 286–7
Internet resources
compared with online and CD-ROM databases 307–9
marketing 329
intranets, defined 307
ISBDs 73
ISBN 79
ISSN 79
iterative searching 25
JANET 385
jargon, as descriptors 145
Joint Academic Network 385
jukeboxes, CD-ROM 285
Kaiser, J. Systematic indexing 180
key system 169
keyword-out-of-context 184, 347
knowledge
information, and data 21
organization and delivery, role of information professionals 378–89
subjective, information as 6
knowledge-based analysis, of text 45
knowledge management, defined 15–16
knowledge networks, in knowledge organization and delivery 378–89
knowledge representation 45
known-item searching 24
language 38
language control, principles 143–54
LASER 384
LCC see Library of Congress Classification
letter-by-letter filing 355
levels of description 75
LEXISNEXIS 282
libraries 40
in knowledge organization and delivery 378–89
library classification see bibliographic classification
Library of Congress, and Dewey Decimal Classification 224–5
Library of Congress Classification
main classes 202
Library of Congress Subject Headings 175–80
library management systems 291–4
limiting searches 140
Linked Systems Project 382
literary warrant 193
local systems, record formats in 90–91
location, in document representation 61–2
LSP 382
Lubetzky, Seymour 252
MAchine Readable Cataloguing see MARC
machine-searchable indexes, compared with manual indexes 339–42
machine searching, and Universal Decimal Classification 233
in Bliss Bibliographic Classification 234–5
in Dewey Decimal Classification 218
in Library of Congress Classification 202
MARC and 89
maintenance
management
manual information retrieval systems 335–59
manual searching
of alphabetically arranged databases 251–2
compared with machine searching 339–42
and pre-coordinate indexes 166–7
manuscripts, bibliographic description 82
maps, bibliographic description 82
and AACR 269
applications 88
marketing, of Internet resources 329
material (or type of publication) specific area 78, 80
media, bibliographic description 81–5
menu-based interfaces 110, 113–15
meta search engines, World-Wide Web 313
catalogue entries and citations, discussed 266–7
defined 60
and printed documents 50, 51–3
and search engines 310
microform catalogues and indexes 340, 342–3
microforms, bibliographic description 84
mixed responsibility 256
MM-DBMSs 37
mnemonics 207
motion pictures, bibliographic description 83
multi-file searching 142
multimedia
problems in indexing 39
multimedia database management systems 37
structures 37
music
bibliographic description 83
name catalogues 342
name-and-date system, citations 63–4
named entities, in Library of Congress Subject Headings 176
narrower terms 149–51, 155, 157
National Library of Australia 387–8
natural indexing languages
compared with controlled indexing languages 128
nesting 134
networked resources 40
and document representation 61–2
in the organization of knowledge 24
networking, of CD-ROMs 285
networks
in knowledge organization and delivery 378–89
non-book media
bibliographic description 81–5
in Bliss Bibliographic Classification 235–6
in Dewey Decimal Classification 222
in Library of Congress Classification 227–8
in Universal Decimal Classification 232
numeric databases 31
numeric system, citations 63–4
objectivity, of information 8
and Dewey Decimal Classification 224
online and CD-ROM databases, compared with Internet resources 307–9
online public access catalogues see OPACs
and electronic document delivery 386–7
types 279
and community information 298
and expert users 97
self-service functions 298
open access 336
open systems interconnection protocol 306
option buttons, in GUI interfaces 115
in Bliss Bibliographic Classification 234–5
in Dewey Decimal Classification 217–22
in Library of Congress Classification 226–7
in Universal Decimal Classification 230
organization, of information 6
organizational information sources 21
organizations, in knowledge organization and delivery 378–89
OSI 306
Ovid Technologies 283
pairwise facets search strategy 106–8
paragraphs, in full-text records 36
parallel sequences 338
partitive relationship 150
periodical indexes 343
permutation 185
personal bibliographic file management software 66–7
personal information sources 21
personal knowledge, and information 22
personal name headings
references to 259
phenomena, in classification 201
phrases
searching on 138
as subject headings
in Cutter’s Rules 174
in Library of Congress Subject Headings 175–7
physical description area 78, 81
platform independent search services 279
post-coordinate indexing and searching
compared with pre-coordinate 173
defined 132
pre-caching, for CD-ROM access 285–6
precision 167
pre-coordinate indexes, defined 132
pre-coordinate systems 341
in Boolean searching 167
in enumerative classifications 198–9
in natural language systems 167
and post-coordination, compared 173
in subject indexes 350
in Universal Decimal Classification 230
pre-coordination level, defined 146–7
preliminaries, in books 50, 51–3
printed catalogues and indexes 339–51
procedural markup 47
proper names, in controlled language indexing 150
pseudonyms 258
publication, distribution etc., area 78, 80–81
published information sources 21
publishers
CD-ROM 287
as online search services 279
publishers’ blurbs 53
publishing, of World-Wide Web documents 323–30
punctuation, in bibliographic descriptions 74
quasi-synonyms 148
QUESTELORBIT 282
question and answer dialogue, in GUI interfaces 113
Ranganathan, S.R 180
range searching 140
reader interest arrangement 337
realia, bibliographic description 84
recall and precision 341, 362–6
reclassification 372
record formats
in abstracting and indexing services 71
in online search services 71–2
records
defined 62
World-Wide Web 310
records management systems 60
in the organization of knowledge 24
reference databases 27
to headings for corporate bodies 263–4
in Library of Congress Subject Headings 178–80
to personal name headings 259
referral databases 31
related bodies 262
related works 256
relational model, of database structure 36–7
relationships
relative index, to Dewey Decimal Classification 223
relative location 216
of information 9
resource, information as a 7
resource sharing, MARC and 88
resources, defined 40
retrieval, of Internet resources 327–8
retrieval systems, features of 127–43
retroactive notation, in Bliss Bibliographic Classification 209
retrospective searching 25, 106–9
revision
of Bliss Bibliographic Classification 237–8
of classification schemes 211
of Dewey Decimal Classification 216, 223–5
of library of Congress Subject Headings 178
of library of Congress Classification 228–9
and maintenance of systems 361–89
of Universal Decimal Classification 233
RLG 382
rotated display, in thesauri 155, 157
rotated indexes, scatter in 350–51
rotation 184
sacred scriptures, uniform titles for 266
scanning 342
scatter, in subject indexes 350–51
schedules
in classification schemes 195–205
search bots, World-Wide Web 313
search engines, World-Wide Web 310–14
search facilities
and Internet resources 322–3, 330–31
in post-coordinate searching 133–43
search keys 61
search logic, Boolean, defined 133–4
search management 141
search profiles 102
search results
improving recall and precision 366
search services, online 277–83
search systems, evaluation measures 362–9
search terms, search facilities and 137–40
searching
and indexing, processes of 99–109
in manual- and machine-searchable indexes 341
online search services 281
searching time 365
secondary services, abstracts in 67
in library management systems 300
and the World-Wide Web 328, 330–31
Selective Listing In Combination 185
self-service functions, OPACs 298
semantic relationships 147–53, 344–5
serials, bibliographic description 84–5
set-up facilities, in searching 137
SGML 47
shared responsibility, works of 255
and Library of Congress Classification 228
short abstracts 68
single responsibility, works of 254–5
singular versus plural, in descriptors 145, 148
slang terms, as descriptors 145
slanted abstracts 69
SLIC 185
society, information as a constitutive force in 8
sound processing 26
sound recordings, bibliographic description 83
special classification schemes 195, 241–2
special needs, users with 97
specialist online search services 279
specific entry, in subject headings 174
in back-of-book indexes 353
spider programs 310
standard citation order 169–71
Standard Generalized Markup Language 47
standard number and terms of availability area 79, 81
statistical analysis, of text 45
STN International 282
strategic information systems planning 377–8
string manipulation, indexes based on 348
structural analysis, of text 45
structure, of information 10
subdivisions of headings, in Library of Congress Subject Headings 176–8
subfacets
in Bliss Bibliographic Classification 235–6
in Dewey Decimal Classification 220–21
subfields, defined 62
subheadings
in Boolean searching 167
subject approach, in catalogues 250
subject arrangement, verbal 337
subject authority control 370
subject catalogues, manually searchable 343
subject cataloguing, and classification 194–5
subject gateways, World-Wide Web 312, 321–3
subject group display, in thesauri 155–7
subject headings lists
as indexing languages 126
semantic relationships in 147, 150–51, 152–3
subject indexes, and classification 187–8, 194–5
subject information need, types of 24–5
subject retrieval, approaches to 123–7
subjective knowledge, information as 6
subordinate terms, access from 184–8
successive facet search strategy 106–7
summarization 127–32, 166, 171
summary, defined 70
supermarket online search services 279
surfing the Web 25
synonyms 148
defined 38
synthesis
in Bliss Bibliographic Classification 199, 233–6
in Dewey Decimal Classification 221–2
in Library of Congress Classification 227
in Universal Decimal Classification 230–32
system design, cognitive modelling and 95–9
systematic bibliography, defined 60
systematic display, in thesauri 155–60
systematic order 191–3, 191–204
systems
for knowledge organization, compared 277
see also information systems
Talis Information 384
TCP/IP 306
terminals, for online searching 278
text
text-based documents, types and formats 40–41
text-numeric databases 31
Bliss Bibliographic Classification as 237–8
defined 126
online display 142
and the World-Wide Web 328
three-dimensional artefacts, bibliographic description 84
title, main entry under 255
title catalogues 343
title enrichment 350
title and statement of responsibility area 76–7, 80
titles
arrangement by 337
in bibliographic description 76–7, 80
filing problems 357
as subjects 347
tools for organizing information 22–3
tracings 254
transmission control protocol/Internet protocol 306
tree structures, in thesauri 160
truncation, in searching 138–9
UDC see Universal Decimal Classification
UKOLN 385
uncontrolled indexing see natural indexing languages
uniform resource locators 306
UNISIST Reference Manual 71
United Kingdom, library networking in 382–7
Universal Decimal Classification 229–33
URLs 306
USA, library networking in 381–3
usability
defined 97
as evaluation measure 367
useful data, information as 6
user interfaces
in library management systems 293, 296–8
in World-Wide Web 310–12, 322–3, 328
see also graphical user interfaces
user profiles, for public access systems 276
for CD-ROM services 290
World-Wide Web 329
user-conducted searches 25
users
and management of change 377
security aspects 374
USMARC Format for Classification Data 225, 371
UTLAS International 382
Vancouver system, citations 63–4
variable length field, defined 62
verbal subject arrangement 337
verbal subject headings, defined 165–6
videorecordings, bibliographic description 83
virtual library, defined 40
vocabulary, defined 38
vocabulary control 174
voice-based dialogue, in interface design 116
Web see also World-Wide Web, Internet
Web crawlers 310
Web site
creation and maintenance 314–20
defined 306
WilsonWeb 283
windows, in GUI interfaces 112
WLN 382
word-by-word filing 355
words, defined 38
workstations, for online searching 278
World-Wide Web
HTML and 48
and indexing 307
interfaces 117
and recall and precision 365
and security 328
see also Web, Internet
written codes 38