Subject Index

Ablative case: 534

Accusative (case): 224, 236n6, 290, 329n4, 414, 426, 430n8, 431n13, 432n17, 450n5, 471, 517, 519520, 522524, 527529, 531532, 533nn3–5, 534n12, 535n15, 536n18, 552, 561, 563, 565nn11–12, 566n24, 575, 585, 609, 611, 626n12, 637n54

accusative-infinitive, 271n10, 330n8, 536n18

Acquisition: 263, 293, 294n5, 295n7, 332n21, 336337, 339, 343344, 347348, 604, 638n55

Adjective: x, 226, 383n15, 413414, 429, 430n9, 431nn11–12, 14, 433n21, 479, 488 n4, 490, 492, 496500, 527528, 531532, 534n10, 536n18, 540, 549, 668n2

as (case–marked) N, 381n14, 421424, 478, 480481, 486487, 492495, 514515, 540

as a derived category, 481, 490, 517518, 524528

as reduced relative clause, 369370, 480

paucity of in Dravidian, 381n12, 423, 431n11, 480, 487,488n1, 492, 500n2, 542, 563

Adjunct(s): 57, 13, 15, 1820, 31–32 n5, 4950, 58, 65nn7, 9, 170, 173, 231, 263, 271n12, 272n13, 304, 306, 308, 326, 331n18, 374, 376377, 382n15, 385n28, 425, 427429, 432n18, 433n21, 445, 460, 462, 469, 472, 495498, 535n16, 547, 549, 555, 559, 564n10, 565n13, 635n44, 650. See also serial verbs

Adjunction: 1819, 24, 37n27, 61, 169, 173, 426, 467472, 474n3, 476n16, 570, 618, 621622, 641, 643, 650651, 653n2, 656n13

Adposition: 413414, 431n10, 472

Affix, inflectional: 93ff. See also Agreement; Aspect, tense–aspect morphemes; Gender; Number; Person; Suffix

Agent(ive), agentivity: 31n5, 438, 440, 443, 451n11, 474n6, 542, 565n15, 592, 649, 652, 657n17

AGR(P): 56, 2425, 39nn36–37, 255256, 263265, 275, 279, 281287, 293, 294n5, 294n7, 296n17, 311, 319, 338, 340342, 381n6, 419420, 430n5, 462, 483486, 533n6, 633n38, 643, 651, 653n3

AG Matrix, anaphoric 573, 577582, 584

Agreement: x, 7880, 90nn15–16, 18, 121n24, 164, 198, 253, 258, 267, 273n16, 280, 288, 290, 299300, 317, 323328, 332n21, 333nn23, 29, 334n32, 336338, 341, 348, 363n5, 367, 369, 373, 390, 392393, 396, 398, 400, 410n17, 414, 434, 443, 451n10, 454, 476n17, 517, 523, 535n16, 541, 543, 563, 599, 624n3, 633n38, 653n3, 672n17

and finiteness, 299300, 313, 331n13, 366368, 371372, 389, 397, 399401, 404, 473n2

markers, 22, 55, 225226, 257, 276278, 301, 401, 407, 408, 660, 667,668n2; case–marker agreement 575, 581586

in negative/modal clauses, 257258, 264, 282, 295n13, 301, 304, 310, 338, 370, 384n24

in nominal clauses/nominal agreement, 256, 269n3, 294n5, 299, 493, 500n8

Anaphor(a)/anaphoric: ix–x, 200, 443, 563, 569570, 573584, 586n1, 587n8, 589595, 598, 624n3. See also Blocking; Reciprocal; Reflexive; Quantifier distributive

distributive, 590, 618621

feature-deficit, 595, 600, 604, 614, 622623, 626n11, 629n18, 634n40, 635n44, 669n9

long distance/anti-local 569570, 589592, 594, 600, 604, 611, 622623, 641642, 653n2, 655n8, 656n16

morphologically simple/ complex, 594, 600, 615, 621

strict/local, 569, 603604, 606, 622 Non-local, 600, 604, 609, 615, 622

subject-oriented, 605, 623, See also logophoric binding

Anaphoric negation: 344346, 348, 349, 362n2

Anaphoric tense: 264, 310, 389, 394395

Anchoring: 253, 268, 275, 385n31, 388389, 392408, 408n3, 410n8

Antisymmetry: 2, 117, 523, 545

Article, definite: 10, 375, 636n48

Argument(s): 1819, 22, 31 n5, 40n40, 46, 4950, 65nn7, 12, 140, 148, 224, 271n11, 272n14, 296n21, 374375, 382n15, 385n28, 413, 417, 422423, 426, 430n9, 431n13, 441442, 448449, 450n5, 451n12, 457, 465467, 469472, 474nn7, 8, 478479, 486, 490, 492, 500n1, 520521, 524, 527532, 540543, 547, 550, 557, 559, 562563, 566n24, 585, 594, 635n44, 636n47, 641642, 644, 647649, 652, 654n6, 656n14

canonical position(s) of, 917, 28, 33 n9, 34 n12, 37n24, 37, 45, 51, 54, 66, 75, 77, 89n4, 113, 562

External/internal: 45, 27, 76, 9697, 109, 493, 552553

Aspect(P): 91, 265, 268, 280, 285286, 294n5, 311, 330n9, 338, 348, 372, 383n21, 401, 404, 426, 503

in infinitives/gerunds 255256, 259260, 263, 272n13, 279, 305, 307, 315316, 391, 408n2, 426–428; In serial verbs, 456, 458, 473n2, 474n9

as tense/temporal aspect x, 90n15, 255, 262, 264, 270n7, 271n11, 275276, 278279, 282, 300, 302, 309310, 313, 326, 329n5, 332n22, 338, 367, 385n31, 396, 473n2

tense–aspect morphemes 164, 265267, 278279, 286289, 312313, 315, 323324, 326, 331n16, 380n5, 390, 397, 399402, 405407, 410nn16–17

auxiliary/ies 1213, 36 n24, 39 n39, 98, 100, 114, 116117, 118n2, 120n14, 122n32, 256, 260262, 265267, 307309, 312, 324, 327, 330n9, 332nn21–22, 333n26, 337, 396, 455, 457, 467468, 472, 475n10, 476n17, 496. See also have-be alternation

semi–lexical auxiliary 276, 289291, 296n21. See also serial verb

subject–auxiliary inversion, 149, 216, 218n10, 228

Averidicality: 162, 174, 296n15. See also nonveridicality

AxPart: 502ff.

Binding. See anaphor, blocking, coreference, disjoint reference, reciprocal, reflexive

operator binding, 154n19, 156n26, 348

unselective, 219n16

logophoric binding, 606, 609, 623, 633n37, 635n42, 647, 651, 656n15

Blocking (of anaphor-antecedent relation): 570, 592, 595597, 625n7,627n13, 641647, 651, 653n1, 653nn3–4, 656n13, 657n17

Cartography: 253, 365, 379380, 414

Case. See Accusative, Dative, Genitive, Nominative

inherent, 448 Instrumental 448, 455

quirky, 414, 422, 434, 446, 479, 541542

structural, 520, 528, 530, 532, 533n5, 534n12, 535n15, 563

case hierarchy, 414, 517, 518ff.

Category, Syntactic/Lexical: x, 276, 286, 289, 292, 381n12, 417, 421, 430nn4, 8, 431nn10–11, 485, 492, 517, 525526, 532, 540

Causative: 474n8, 541542, 544, 547548, 554, 560, 562, 564n2, 564n7, 564n8

Checking theory: 33 n8, 6062, 67, 97, 117, 119n11, 327, 541, 656n13

Clause: See also Cleft, Copular, Finite/Non-finite, Gerundive, Infinitive, Pseudocleft, Relative, Small

affirmative, 183, 188, 194, 230, 253, 255258, 264266, 269n4, 276280, 288ff., 300, 302, 304305, 311ff., 336ff., 389ff.

declarative, 52, 62, 147148, 162165, 170171, 174–178n13, 229, 235236, 374, 388

interrogative 52, 6063, 127, 147, 163166, 169171, 174175, 177n10, 177n13, 178n13, 208, 214, 218n10, 226ff., 374

propositional and question interrogative complements, 223236

negative, x, 183, 185, 188191, 194, 201, 253, 255ff., 275ff., 292, 300ff., 336ff., 389ff.

negative conjugation, 260, 276, 281282, 284285, 295n9, 287, 307

Clausal pied piping. See Pied piping

Cleft(ing): 34, 2024, 30 n4, 38 nn29, 30, 3234, 39 n 35, 4449, 5456, 61, 64, 6667, 7178, 8084, 8790, 120n17, 149, 152n6, 154nn17, 19, 155n19, 159n35, 217n3, 219n16, 384n26. See also pseudocleft

floating focus-plus-copula in clefts 22, 28, 47, 48, 71, 73, 76, 77

Complementizer, Quotative: 223, 232, 236nn2–3, 373376, 409n6

Conjunction: 127, 129132, 137, 139141, 144, 146, 150, 155n24, 176nn1, 3, 180ff., 239, 241, 246ff., 316, 366367, 380n2, 381n10, 381n14, 414, 453454

Conjunct verb: x, 289, 296n19, 366367, 380n5, 414 see also serial verb

Coordination markers: 127, 130131, 239, 242244, 247248, 366, 368, 377, 381n10. See also Conjunction Disjunction

Copula: 4, 2022, 33n10, 38–39 nn32, 33, 35, 4647, 64, 7174, 7678, 8083, 8889, 116, 120n17, 133, 159n35, 203n11, 217n3, 226, 383n17, 384n23, 408, 481, 521, 525, 534n9, 541, 546, 557ff.

existential copula, 255, 266, 319320, 332n22, 370, 449, 456

negative existential verb illa, 267, 302, 319, 321, 323, 330n9, 383n20, 409n7

Copular/nominal clause: 88, 223, 225ff., 236n5, 255256, 268n2, 269n3, 276, 294n5, 299300, 333n29, 384n23

Coreference: 595, 601, 635n44, 655n9, 664, 666

accidental coreference, 662, 663

Dative: See also dative infinitive

alternation 40 n39, 450n5, 466467, 561562

case 202n4, 236n6, 414, 423424, 426, 428, 429n1, 504, 506515, 517532, 533n8, 534nn8, 11, 13, 14, 535nn15, 18, 536n18, 564n4, 564n10, 565n12, 565n14, 566n17, 20, 575, 582, 650

case incorporation 422, 424, 425, 431n11, 431n13, 450n2, 478, 480, 481, 488n4, 492, 497, 510, 511, 517518, 526, 545

complex predicate/serial verb, 439, 449, 471, 542, 551

subject (experiencer/possessor), x, 224, 271n9, 347, 413414, 417425, 434449, 450n7, 451n9, 478487, 488n4, 490493, 498500, 520522, 525, 528529, 534n11, 534n13, 540542, 544546, 548552, 554557, 559562, 562563, 566n21, 566n24, 582, 584586, 592, 637n51

Definite(ness): 10, 13, 246. See also Article, definite

definiteness/ specificity, 7, 1415, 23, 27, 47, 81, 445

indefiniteness/ non-referentiality, 418, 482, 521

Deixis/deictic: x, 570, 659660, 662664, 666, 667668, 670n10, 672n16

Deictic tense: 280, 294n5, 325, 388, 392

Demonstrative: 22, 90 n14, 369, 376, 408, 599, 659660, 662665, 667, 670n10, 671n15

Determiner: 22, 148, 243, 336, 369, 375, 517, 520, 579581, 598600, 606, 636n48, 666

Diachrony. See History, Historical(ly)

Disjoint reference: 573574, 583, 599600, 606, 608, 616617, 620, 622, 628n16, 636n46

Disjunction:

in C, 35 n16, 129, 147ff, 186, 211ff.

conjunctive interpretation, 163, 166ff., 201

as interrogative complementizer (Kannada) 171ff, 223ff, 228ff

focus and/ association with focus, 142ff., 187

infinite, 129, 135, 139, 140, 146, 181, 193, 212213

marker 35 n16, 53, 127, 130, 131, 135, 162, 180, 208ff., 239, 336

operator, 127, 129, 134ff., 135, 180, 186ff., 205n26, 211ff., 373, 377

polarity sensitivity of, 127, 162ff.

quantifiers and, 131ff.

questions and, 129, 130, 132ff., 171, 208ff., 235ff., 373

Distributed Morphology: 93, 431n11, 484, 542

Distributivity: 243, 245ff, 250

Dummy auxiliary/ verb (see also EDM) 116117, 121n26, 276, 296n18

cey– ‘do,’ 88 n1

iru/be 270n7, 288, 316, 329n5, 330n11, 331n14, 331n16, 332n22, 339, 403404, 409n5

matrix tense, 264

T head, 376

wh– word/phrase, 5960, 173, 232

DP: 16, 24, 2627, 9697, 107108, 114, 118n3, 130, 151n1, 163, 176n2, 224225, 231, 254, 286, 375, 418422, 424, 426, 430n3, 430n7, 441442, 462464, 468, 471, 478, 480, 483487, 488n3, 503, 520524, 528, 533n7, 534n11, 535n16, 545546, 551, 564n4, 565n11, 591592, 599602, 606607, 610ff., 631n26, 634n40, 637n52, 642645, 649, 660, 665666, 671n14

ECM: 536n18, 626n10

ECP: 1820, 50, 6566, 157n34

EDM (Empty Dummy Modal): 332n21, 348

Elsewhere Principle: 175

Emphatic:

affix, 264, 267, 277, 291, 292, 297n22, 310, 396, 410n11

particle, 203n8, 441, 588n8

pronoun, 604, 611, 626n13, 632n32

stress, 611, 627n13

verb copy, 292

EPP: 25, 2728, 29n3, 38, 44, 6064, 67nn21–23, 121n21

Exclamation/ive/ory: 147, 169, 204n19, 232233, 235, 236n10

Expletive: 2021, 28, 60, 408, 451n12, 544, 563, 565n14

Extraction: 27, 54, 54, 59

extraposition, 25, 65

of wh–phrase, 62, 65, 66

out of cleft clause, 82, 384n26

out of pseudocleft clause, 81

subextraction, 39n38, 384n26

Finiteness: x, 13, 28, 52, 78, 8182, 90n15, 147, 177n12, 216, 236n5, 253, 255256, 263ff., 267268, 268n2, 275, 279280, 282ff., 292ff. 299300, 309ff., 313ff., 320, 325327, 328n1, 331n13, 332n21, 333nn23, 29, 338340, 342, 347348, 365, 366ff., 371372, 378, 385n31, 388390, 392396, 399400, 404405, 407, 409n4, 410n8, 473n2, 498, 528, 534n12, 535n16

Finite clause: 79, 81, 83, 90, 101, 120n14, 223ff., 234235, 236n7, 243, 247, 253, 256, 268–269n5, 273n16, 275276, 280, 281ff., 291, 295nn7–8, 15, 299, 301ff., 311, 319, 365ff., 371372, 374, 378379, 380n2, 388389, 392396, 399, 402, 404405, 407408, 456, 529, 532, 535n18, 537, 636n50

non-finite clause/verb 13, 35 n15, 78, 81, 88, 90, 271n9, 288, 303305, 317, 320, 328n1, 333n24, 336, 338, 339ff., 348, 389, 391ff., 461462

First Phase (syntax): 540542, 544, 546, 552, 563, 565n13

Focus Marker(s): 22, 2527, 72, 78, 595, 598600, 606, 607, 612, 620623, 626nn12–13, 631n25, 634n40, 637n54

Floating focus marker: 26, 612

Free choice (FC): 132, 166, 185, 190, 201, 247

Force (Phrase): 28, 32, 35 n16, 5253, 56, 67, 129, 146149, 154n15, 156n28, 187, 211, 215–218n13, 222223, 234235, 237n12, 243, 365, 372373, 376378, 385n32, 385n34–35

Gender: 267, 294n5, 338, 390, 399, 407408, 577578, 580, 590, 595, 600, 604, 607, 609, 637n54, 641643, 651

Generic(ity): 11, 14, 23, 33 n10, 162163, 166168, 174175, 183, 185, 190191, 202n5, 236, 549

Genitive: 176n2, 303, 329n4, 406, 413414, 426, 435, 450n3, 492493, 500n3, 506507, 509510, 512515, 517519, 522523, 527, 532, 533n3, 534n13, 575, 591592, 611, 619, 624n5, 637n54, 665

Gerund: 88, 225, 272n15, 282, 285. See also Aspect in infinitives/gerunds

perfect, imperfect, negative gerund 259260, 285, 295n8, 285n12, 316ff, 490, 494ff.

Gerundive: 257, 259, 262, 265, 269n5, 272n16, 281, 284285, 292, 302303, 305, 309, 312, 314, 321, 394, 397398, 401, 405

gerundive nominal(ization) 493; subjects, 225; morphology, 258, 287288, 333nn25–26

matrix gerund/infinitive 177n12, 253, 264, 269n5, 275, 277278, 293n4, 301302, 310, 314, 318, 332n21, 334n32, 348, 390, 391393, 399, 400

Have–be alternation/Have–languages: 414, 419420, 426, 450n2, 483, 485, 494495, 534n9, 541, 544546, 564n4

Heavy NP shift: 2425, 27, 39, 108

History: ix, 196, 275, 293, 348, 410n17, 425, 447, 451n12, 662

Historical(ly): 13, 22, 82, 90 nn14, 18, 116, 133, 182, 197, 209, 214, 216, 258, 277, 281, 287, 293n1, 301, 305, 320, 329n3, 373, 385n34, 435, 446447, 514, 598599

Infinitive: 52, 8283, 8788, 88 n1, 90 n19, 91, 9497, 103, 105, 117, 121n29, 147, 187, 258261, 264, 269n5, 271nn10–12, 276277, 281, 284, 288289, 305308, 310311, 314, 330nn7–9, 330n11, 332nn20–21, 338339, 371, 381n8, 391, 397, 404, 406, 440441, 443, 460, 531, 536n18, 553. See also Optional Infinitive; EDM

dative/case–marked/ for–to infinitive 255256, 260261, 263, 270n8,271n9, 12, 272n15, 279, 308, 310, 329n6, 332n20

matrix infinitive, see matrix gerund/infinitive

Infix, negative: 257, 260, 269n5, 273n16, 281, 286289, 307, 314, 318, 329–330n11, 334n32, 372

modal 273n16

Inflection:

poor, 669n9

rich, 121nn21, 24, 624n3, 653n3

Island constraints: 140, 143, 145, 154n19, 155n20, 155n21, 155n23, 155n25

Learnability: 310, 339

Learner: 305, 336. See also acquisition

Left periphery: 27, 39, 52, 65, 122n30, 186187, 203n8, 211, 215216, 222223, 234, 237n12, 242243, 376377, 379, 380n1, 650

LRS (lexical relational structure): 417, 419, 424, 430n9, 478, 484486, 490491, 498499, 500n1

Minimality: 6, 7, 32, 144, 145, 149, 155n23, 427

Mood(P): x, 90 nn15–16, 177n12, 230, 231, 243, 253, 255257, 263, 265, 267268, 273n17, 275, 276, 278, 280–295n15, 296n 17, 300, 309, 311, 313, 315, 317, 319321, 323327, 330n10, 332n21, 333n23, 338, 340, 341, 348, 365, 367, 368, 371374, 376378, 381nn5–6, 383nn19–20, 385n31, 389, 390, 393, 396399, 401, 402, 404, 407, 408, 438, 473n2, 534n12

Modal(ity): 132, 166167, 183, 185, 188192, 193194, 201, 202nn4–5, 203n14, 205n26, 223, 224, 228, 236, 247, 247n3, 255257, 264265, 269n5, 271n9, 272n16, 275, 280285, 295n13, 296n16, 310311, 317, 320, 330n11, 332n21, 333n23, 338, 340341, 357, 367368, 370373, 379, 380nn3–4, 384n24, 390, 393, 397, 410n8, 434, 440ff., 450n7, 456457, 467468, 550, 616,

modal Clauses 266, 276279, 289, 292, 300, 311, 313, 318, 396

negative modal 288, 296n16, 318, 330n11, 336, 345

Nominal, derived/ gerundive. See Gerundive

Nominalizer: 4, 22, 56, 80, 88 n1, 426, 427, 432n18

Nominative case: 66, 91, 224, 253, 303, 329n4, 388391, 405407, 410n16, 418420, 422423, 425427, 432n17, 434, 436, 438442, 444445, 447–451n9, 478480, 482487, 493, 500n8, 514, 517, 519520, 525, 528530, 532, 533n5, 534n12, 540541, 546547, 550, 552, 557, 559, 561563, 564n4, 575, 586n4, 609, 613, 619, 630n23, 633n38

Non–nominative (subject): 414, 565n12, 613. See also Dative subject

Nonveridicality: 162, 163, 168, 173174, 234

Number(P): 156n28, 198, 267, 294n5, 338, 390, 399, 407, 408, 577578, 580, 595, 596, 607, 609, 637n54, 642643, 651, 668n2

Object shift: 3, 7, 2728, 32, 39, 74, 531

Optional Infinitive (OI), 294n5, 295n7, 332n21, 347348

(S)OV: x, 1, 37, 1113, 15, 17, 20, 28, 30–32 n5, 33n8, 37 n26, 44, 46, 6566, 89nn 4–5, 9395, 99102, 109, 111, 113, 117, 119n9, 119n11, 159n35, 331n19, 446, 448, 462, 469, 472, 475n11, 475n13, 475n16, 490, 492

Person: 22, 55, 80, 139, 223, 254, 267, 269n3, 272n16, 280, 294n5, 323, 334n32, 338, 340341, 343, 369, 389, 390, 393, 399, 408, 410n8, 443, 451n10, 535n16, 570, 578, 579, 581, 590, 592, 595, 600, 604, 607, 609, 619, 625n7, 626n11, 629–630n18, 635n44, 637n51, 641648, 651652, 653n3, 654nn6–7, 655n9, 660, 666, 668, 671nn12–13 672n16

Passive: 270n8, 307, 329n6, 461, 500n5, 501n12

auxiliary, 260262, 307309, 330n9

participle, 425429, 431nn13, 15, 432n16, 496498

Parasitic gap: 15, 36 n 21, 37 n 26

Participle, participial: 35 n15, 90 n15, 223, 236n2, 259, 282, 284285, 289291, 295nn10, 12, 14, 312, 320321, 326, 333n24, 339, 371, 388, 394, 397, 399, 403, 407, 425429, 432n20, 480, 490, 494498, 542, 544, 563

conjunctive 316, 331n18, 414, 454, 472. see also Conjunct verb, Passive, Relative, Serial verb

negative, 281, 289, 317

perfect, 544

Pied piping: 93, 98109, 119nn10–11

clausal pied–piping 44, 54, 5659, 63, 64, 67

Polarity: x, 11, 127, 132, 137138, 162, 166167, 174, 181185, 187192, 201, 204n20, 214, 234236, 253, 390, 397400, 404405, 407408, 410n9, 410n17

negative polarity, 11, 132, 138, 162, 166, 167, 189, 201, 235, 400

positive polarity/PPI, x, 202n6, 253, 397, 399, 407

Postposition(al Phrase): 163, 334n29, 398, 404, 405, 424, 450n3, 455, 457, 460, 461, 465, 475n12, 504, 509, 514, 575, 671n13. See also Adposition; AxPart

non–existence of, 492 ff.;

as N or V/SV, 382n14, 455, 461, 491, 492ff., 500n3, 514, 628n15

postpositional complementizer –aagi, 268n2, 334n29

Proper name, pronominal and reflexive use of: 597, 598, 630n18

Pseudo cleft: 38, 71, 8081, 87

Pseudo–gapping: 2425

Psych verbs (psychological predicates): 541, 556, 557, 563, 592, 625n6, 649, 652

Quantifier:

distributive, 181, 194ff., 243, 245246, 249250, 617; reduplication strategy for, 198ff.

existential, 131132, 134135, 137139, 146148, 151n3, 156n29, 163, 166168, 173, 180181, 183, 187, 191194, 201, 202n7, 204n18, 205nn26–27, 212, 218n12, 240, 247

floating, 26, 612

Quirky subjects. See Non–nominative subjects

Reciprocal anaphor: 573576, 581583, 586, 587n5, 590, 615617, 636n40, 637n51

Reflexive anaphor: 223, 443, 569, 570, 575, 581, 583586, 590, 595598, 600611, 614616, 623, 624n2, 626n13, 628n17, 633nn39–40, 635n44, 638n55, 641, 642, 647, 650653, 653n2, 656n16, 671n13. See also proper name pronominal and reflexive use of

Reduplication. See Quantifier, distributive

Relative (clause): 5556, 66, 7883, 89 n6, 90 nn15–16, 133, 203n10, 236n4, 243, 247, 264, 271n12, 310, 320, 322, 328n1, 333nn23–24, 333n27, 365, 368370, 372, 375, 377379, 381n9, 381n11, 383n15, 384n23, 385n30, 409n7, 461, 480, 513514

correlative clause, 133135, 141, 146, 148, 153n11, 154n15, 154n19, 177n9, 373, 384n25

Vergnaud/head raising analysis, 79, 88 n2, 375, 381n9, 433n21

Relativizer: 56, 78, 8586, 89, 152nn4, 6, 209, 225, 243, 333n27, 365, 368369, 371, 373, 375378, 381n9, 384n23, 409n7, 478, 480, 645646

Relative participle: 285, 325, 397, 497498

Result projection/sub event, rich: 413, 540541, 543544, 545, 547, 549553, 557, 560, 564n2, 564n10

Resultative(s): 541, 543, 554555, 566n16

Resultee, possessor/ experience as: 560, 562563

Scrambling: x, 1, 3, 6, 7, 1315, 27, 28, 36, 45, 47, 64 n1, 71, 74, 8083, 89, 445, 446, 465, 467, 475n14. See also word orderfree

Serial verbs: x, 266, 276, 289292, 296–297n21, 300, 315318, 331n17, 333n26, 366, 414, 417, 425, 428429, 432n20, 454, 467, 472, 473n2, 476nn16–17, 490, 494498, 500n11, 566n16

Small clause: 83, 256, 262263, 268nn1–2, 294n5, 299, 309, 334n29, 430n9, 487, 520, 523, 535n18, 540541, 546, 550ff., 616617, 636 n48

Specificity: 41, 204n18, 467. See also Definiteness

Speech, colloquial/ spoken language: 153n12, 176n4, 261, 295n13, 300, 308, 331n18, 332n20, 533n3

direct, 223224, 236n3

free Indirect 587n8

indirect/ reported, 223224, 384n26

Speech Act: 232235, 237n15, 654n7

Stranding/stranded:

affix/inflection/tense, 287288, 292, 296n18, 332n22, 376, 617

quantifier. See Quantifier, floating

Suffix/–al: 55, 93, 95, 100102, 117, 118n7, 130, 134, 136138, 140, 159n35, 177n11, 180182, 184, 187, 193, 195197, 199, 204n19, 213, 217n2, 233, 235, 240, 270n5, 287, 289, 291292, 293n1, 312, 318, 320, 323324, 327, 329n3, 331n14, 331n18, 332n20, 333n23, 334n32, 339, 366367, 369, 372373, 375, 377, 380n3, 384n22, 400, 408, 423, 440441, 456, 460, 473n2, 480481, 493, 517519, 522523, 52627, 530, 532n2, 534n8, 599

Tense. See also Anchoring, Finiteness, Anaphoric Tense

UG: 119n11, 294n5, 336337, 347348

Unaccusative: 441, 451nn11–12, 532, 534n10, 534n12, 535n16, 542, 544, 554, 559, 561

Unergative: 552, 554

V as derived category: 518, 526ff

(S)VO: 3, 1415, 17, 29–31nn 4–5, 36n22, 92, 9394, 100103, 109ff., 446, 472

Word order: 13, 26, 29nn1–2, 30 n5, 33n8, 36n17, 36m19, 78, 9394, 97, 100ff., 113, 115, 117, 119n11, 159n35, 235, 265, 274, 294n6, 385n28, 418, 444, 446, 448, 464, 472, 475n11, 482, 500n11, 544, 546, 561. See also scrambling

canonical, 12

free/neutral, ix–x, 12, 45, 46, 72