‘Jack’: a double agent, 1

Jacob, Max: dies, 1

Jacobi, Harry: saved, 1

‘Jacqueline’ (Yvonne Rudellat): her clandestine mission, 1; dies, 2

Jadovno (Yugoslavia): mass murder at, 1

Jaeckeln, S.S. General Franz: and the killing of Jews from Hungary, 1; and a sweep against Soviet partisans, 2

Jaeger, S.S. Colonel Karl: and the Jews of Lithuania, 1, 2

Jaice (Yugoslavia): Tito’s partisans move to, 1; Tito’s partisans driven from, 2

Jakobs, Josef: executed, 1

James, Lieutenant D.P.: his escape from captivity, 1

James, Lieutenant: killed, 1

Jankowski, Stanislaw: recalls two acts of defiance, 1

Janowska Camp (Lvov): evidence of mass murder to be destroyed at, 1

Janus (British destroyer): sunk, 1

Japan: Soviet espionage in, 1; and French Indo-China, 2; joins the Axis, 3; and the British naval victory over Italy, 4; and Soviet fears, 5; its eventual defeat envisaged (March 1941), 6; signs neutrality pact with Soviet Union, 7; and its ‘Magic’ cypher system broken, 8; urged to enter war against Germany, 9; occupies French Indo-China, 10; a warning to, 11; an assurance from Hitler to, 12; and the Togo government, 13; air defences in, 14; Pearl Harbour preparations by, 15, 16, 17, 18; American demands to, 19; imminent attacks by, 20; attacks Pearl Harbour, 21; first victories throughout South-East Asia, 22; and Australia, 23; German pressure on, 24; bombed, 25, 26; cyphers of, read, 27; a submarine from, docks at Lorient, 28; and the battle for New Guinea, 29, 30, 31, 32; 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38; and the battle of Guadalcanal, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46; continuing bombing of, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51; and Allied priorities, agreed at Casablanca, 52; and the Indian National Army, 53; and the Suluk revolt, 54; and the Soviet Union, 55, 56, 57; and the fate of Allied merchant seamen, 58, 59; Argentina declares war on, 60; and the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65; and a possible negotiated peace with, 66, 67, 68, 69; and the Soviet Union (in 1945), 70, 71, 72, 73; and the effect of the atomic bomb, on continuing the war, 74; signs peace treaties, 75; wartime death toll of, 76; see also index entries for Hirohito, Hiroshima, Prisoners-of-War, Tokyo, ‘Magic’, ‘Purple’

Jarocin (Poland): evacuations from, 1

Jaroslaw (Poland): Hitler at, 1

Jarry, Colonel: flown to France, 1

Jasenovac (Yugoslavia): Jews murdered at, 1; a revolt at, 2

Jassy (Roumania): Jews murdered in, 1; Soviet forces enter, 2

Java (Dutch light cruiser): sunk, 1

Java (Dutch East Indies): evacuated, 1, 2, 3; battles off, 4, 5

Java Sea: naval battle in, 1

Jawiszowice (East Upper Silesia): a forced labour camp at, 1

Jaworow (Eastern Galicia): Jews of, resist deportation, 1

Jaworzno (East Upper Silesia): a labour camp at, 1

Jay, John: his descendant hanged, 1

Jean Bart (French battleship): sailed to safety, 1; put out of action, 2

‘Jeff’: a double agent (‘O.K.’), 1, 2

Jervis Bay (armed merchant cruiser): attacked, 1

Jenninger, Philipp: his questions, recalling the past, 1

Jersey (Channel Islands): Germans occupy, 1

Jerusalem (Israel): a survivor gives evidence in, 1; survivors gather in, 2

Jerusalem Avenue (Warsaw): an execution on, 1

Jeschonnek, General Hans: commits suicide, 1

Jesselton (North Borneo): a revolt in, 1; Japanese garrison at, surrenders, 2

Jet aircraft (German): shot down, 1; in action, 2, 3, 4; airfields for, bombed, 5, 6; Himmler’s confidence in, 7; ‘massacre’ of, 8; final air battle of (above Berlin), 9

‘Jewish Bolshevism’: and National Socialism, 1

Jewish Brigade Group: established, 1; in action in Italy, 2

Jewish Chronicle (London): and ‘unspeakable evils’, 1, 2

Jewish Council: in Warsaw, 1

Jewish Fighting Organization: established in Poland, 1; acts of defiance by, 2, 3

Jews: Hitler’s obsession with, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40; murdered (1939), 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49; murdered (1940), 50, 51, 52, 53, 54; murdered (1941), 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90; (in 1942) 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111; (in 1944), 112, 113, 114; (in 1945) 115, 116, 117; their ‘annihilation’ threatened, 118, 119; and the ‘Commissar Decree’, 120, 121; and Himmler, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133; and the execution of a Pole, 134; deported, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140; indignities against, 141; reprisals against, 142; future of, as seen from Berlin, 143, 144; and forced labour, 145, 146; and Dr Goebbels, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155; and euthanasia, 156, 157; and the spread of anti-Jewish measures, 158, 159, 160; and an anti-Jewish film, 161, 162; in Belgrade, 163; in Hungarian-occupied Yugoslavia, 164; in Baghdad, 165; in Norway, 166; in Slovakia, 167; the ‘destroyer’, 168; and the decision to kill by gassing, 169; protests on behalf of, 170, 171, 172; sympathy for, 173, 174, 175; resistance by, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190; and the Mufti of Jerusalem, 191; and the death camps (Chelmno), 192, 193, 194, 195, 196; (Belzec), 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206; (Auschwitz-Birkenau), 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259; (Sobibor), 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268; (Maly Trostenets), 269, 270, 271, 272; (Treblinka), 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285; (Majdanek), 286, 287; and Gypsies, 288, 289; in Yugoslavia, 290, 291, 292, 293; and the British bombing of Cologne, 294; and the assassination of Heydrich, 295, 296; and medical experiments, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302; a declaration on behalf of (17 December 1942), 303; ‘warned… in time’ (in Berlin), 304; rescued (from Denmark), 305; of Hungary (in 1944), 306, 307, 308, 309; rescued (from Holland), 310; killed, in Crete, 311; in the Warsaw uprising (August 1944), 312; rescue of (from Yugoslavia), 313; a helper of, arrested, 314; killed by Allied bombs (at Auschwitz), 315; marched out of Budapest, 316; a helper of, executed in Berlin, 317; mass graves of, discovered in southern Germany, 318; shot, in Italy, 319; shot, at Marienbad, 320; killed during evacuations, 321; and Hitler’s testimony, 322; possible revenge by, 323; seek ‘compensation’ from Germany, 324; killed, after the war, 325; survivors, held in camps on Cyprus, 326; and reparations from Germany, 327, 328; survivors among, meet in Jerusalem, 329; former German citizens, return to Germany, 330; historical questions concerning (asked in 1988), 331; wartime death toll of, 332

‘Jill’: a Japanese warplane, in action, 1

Jinyo (Japanese escort carrier): sunk, 1

Jodl, General Alfred: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; and German execution plans for Russia, 6; and the war with Russia, 7; and the fall of Mussolini, 8; and the Normandy deception, 9; and the Ardennes, 10; and the defence of Berlin, 11; and the German surrender, 12; hanged, 13; posthumous pardon for, 14

Johanngeorgenstadt (Germany): a French deportee executed at, 1

John Birch Society: opposes Communism, 1

‘John Bull’: to be brought to his knees, 1

Johnson, Lieutenant-Colonel Chandler W.: raises the flag, 1

Johore Straits (Malaya): Japanese cross, 1

Joint Basic War Plan Number One (Anglo-American): agreed, 1

Joint Intelligence Committee (British): and German intentions, 1, 2

Joly, Lieutenant (‘Valentin’): killed, 1

Jones, Private Ralph: killed, 1

Jones, Dr R. V.: and the German rocket bomb, 1, 2, 3; and the German sailor, 4

Jonge Jan (Belgian fishing vessel): at Dunkirk, 1

Jongh, Frederic de: betrayed, and shot, 1

Jösing Fjord (Norway): a victory in, 1

Jovanovic, Mara: and the killings of Sabac, 1

Joyce, William (‘Lord Haw-Haw’): his broadcasts, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; arrested, 8; hanged, 9

Jud Süss (film): shown in Berlin, 1; shown in Breslau, 2

‘Judy’: Japanese warplane, in action, 1

Jülich (Germany): Jews deported to their deaths from, 1; Churchill on German soil at, 2

Julius Caesar: ‘The die is cast’, 1

Julius Caesar (Shakespeare): performed on the ‘Railway of Death’, 1, 2

Jung, Dr Edwin: his experiments, 1

Junger, Ernst: seeks Hitler’s overthrow, 1

‘Juno’ Beach (Normandy): landing at, 1

Jupiter (British destroyer): sunk, 1

Jüterbog (south of Berlin): a proposed defence line at, 1; Red Army enters, 2

Jutland, Battle of (1916): guns used at, in use in 1944, 1

Juvincourt (France): bombed, 1

Juvisy (France): Germans to enter, 1

Kaafjord (Norway): Tirpitz, bombed in, 1

Kachins: in action in Burma, 1

Kaczmarski, Stefan: shot, 1

Kafka, Franz: his friend’s suicide, 1

Kaga (Japanese aircraft carrier): sunk, 1

Kagan, Joseph: and the fate of 1 Jews in Kovno, 2

Kagoshima Bay (Japan): and a Pearl Harbour practice run, 1

Kain, Flying Officer, E.J.: his victory, 1

Kainz, Ludwig: in Paris, gives information to a spy, 1

‘Kaiten’: Japanese suicide torpedo, in action, 1, 2

Kakazu Ridge (Okinawa): fighting on, 1

Kalach (Russia): battle at, 1

Kalamata (Greece): evacuation from, 1; and an Allied deception, 2

Kalau (Germany): German forces enter, 1

Kalinin (Russia): falls to the Germans, 1, 2; battle near, 3; Russians recapture, 4, 5; a locksmith from, killed at Neuengamme, 6

Kalinovichi (White Russia): Germans driven from, 1

Kalisz (Poland): an execution in, 1; Jews murdered by gas van in, 2

Kaliteyev, Captain Vyacheslav: executed, 1; rehabilitated, 2

Kallmeyer, Dr: an expert in gassing, 1

Kalmyk Region (of southern Russia): German plans for, 1

Kaltenbrunner, S.S. General, Ernst: to co-ordinate deportations, 1; to run Military Counter-Intelligence, 2; and Hitler’s confidence in victory (February 1945), 3; ‘a thousand men must still die every day’ (in Mauthausen), 4; hanged, 5

Kaluga (Russia): Germans seize, 1; Germans evacuate, 2; heavy German losses near, 3

Kamaishi (Japan): bombarded, 1

Kamchatka (Russia): 1

Kamenets-Podolsk (Russia): partisans organized in, 1; Jews killed in, 2, 3; Red Army enters, 4

Kamensk (Russia): abandoned, 1

Kamikaze (‘divine wind’): suicide pilots, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; and other suicide devices, 9, 10

Kaminski Brigade: in Warsaw, 1, 2

Kampar (Malaya): battle at, 1

Kanchanaburi (Thailand): an Allied cemetery at, 1

Kandalaksha (Russia): German attack on, 1

Kantariya, Sergeant: takes the Red Banner into the Reichstag, 1

Kantor, Alfred: ‘It’s over’, 1

Kantorovich, Lev: killed in action, 1

Kaplan, Chaim: in Warsaw, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Kaplanas, Zahar: saved, 1

Kapuvar (Hungary): Soviet troops enter, 1

Karasev (Soviet historian): and the coming of war (in June 1941), 1

Karcz, Tadeusz: shot, 1

Karczew (Poland): Jews killed at, 1

Karelia (Finland): Soviet control of, 1; attacked, 2; a Norwegian mission to, 3

Karens: resist the Japanese, 1

‘Karl’: a new German mortar, 1

Karlshorst (near Berlin): German forces sign a surrender at, 1

Karlsruhe (Germany): and mines in the Rhine; 1; four British agents imprisoned in, 2

Karpiowka (Poland): villagers murdered in, 1

Kashira (near Moscow): Germans draw near to, 1

Kashtankin, Victor: ‘Dying is simple’, 1

Kassala (Anglo-Egyptian Sudan): Italians withdraw from, 1

Kassel (Germany): bombed, 1, 2

Kasserine Pass (Tunisia): battle at, 1

Kastner, Rudolf: and Adolf Eichmann, 1

Katerini (Greece): Jews saved in, 1

Katowice (Poland): anti-Jewish measures in, 1; mass execution of Poles in, 2

Kattegat, the: Russian interest in, 1; mining of approach to, 2

Katyn (Soviet Union): and Polish prisoners-of-war, 1, 2

Katyusha rocket: in action, 1

Katz, Hillel: a Soviet spy, 1, 2

Katznelson, Yithak: gassed at Auschwitz, 1

Kaufbeuren (Bavaria): euthanasia at, 1

Kawaguchi, General: at Guadalcanal, 1

Kawasaki (Japan): bombed, 1

Kazakhstan (Soviet Central Asia): evacuations to, 1, 2

Kazakhstan (Soviet troop transport): heroism on, 1; the captain of, rehabilitated, 2

Kazan Railway Station (Moscow): Stalin’s remarks at, 1

Kazinets, Isai: hanged, 1

Kazimierz Dolny (Poland): Poles murdered at, 1

Kazimierz Wielka (Poland): a pilot in hiding near, 1

Kearney (U.S. destroyer): torpedoed, 1

Kecskemet (Hungary): Red Army reaches, 1

Kedainiai (Lithuania): Jews killed in, 1, 2

Kedrous (Crete): reprisals at, 1

Keeble, Lieutenant: killed, 1

Keitel, General Wilhelm: and the execution of Polish civilians, 1; and the German plans in the West, 2; and the future of Poland, 3; and the French armistice, 4; and the German invasion of Russia, 5, 6, 7; and scorched earth, 8; and German casualties, 9; and the fate of Russia, 10; and anti-partisan activity, 11; and the battle for Berlin, 12; signs the final instrument of surrender, 13; hanged, 14

Kelebia (Tunisia): Axis forces at, continue to fight, 1

Kelly (British destroyer): in action at Namsos, 1; crippled, 2; sunk, off Crete, 3

Kempner, Vitka: her sabotage mission, 1

Kendari (Celebes): Japanese about to land at, 1

Kennedy, John F.: in action in the Solomon Islands, 1, 2

Kennedy, Joseph P.: contradicted, 1, 2

Kennington (London): a pilot bales out over, 1

Kensington (London): a ‘Flying Bomb’ at, 1

Kent, (England): ‘Flying Bomb’ deaths in, 1

Kentish, Leonard: abducted, and killed, 1

Kentucky Military Museum (Kentucky): a trophy at, 1

Kerama Retto (Ryukyu Islands): battle for, 1

Kerch (Crimea): Jews murdered at, 1; battle on, 2, 3

Kerch Straits (Russia): 1; Soviet troops land on, 2, 3, 4; German plans to advance through, 5; Germans retreat back across, 6

Keren (Eritrea): Italians driven from, 1

Kesselring, Field Marshal Albrecht von: his anti-partisan order, 1; in Italy, 2; Hitler’s ‘stand firm’ message to, 3; urges a stand in the Harz Mountains, 4; sentenced to death, pardoned, and freed, 5

Kessler, General: surrenders to the Americans, while on his way to Tokyo, 1

Kevu, Benjamin: takes American crewmen to safety, 1

Key, José: a spy, shot, 1

Khalkin Gol (Soviet Far East): Japanese defeated at, 1; a film of, 2

Kharkov (Ukraine): factory evacuations from, 1, 2; a German objective, 3, 4; Germans enters, 5; German reserves sent from, 6; Russians seek to isolate, 7; a rumour concerning, 8; a Russian attack near, 9, 10; Red Army reaches outskirts of, 11; Hitler seeks recapture of, 12; Red Army assault on centre of, 13; German troops re-enter, 14; and the battle of Kursk, 15; Soviet forces approach, 16; German forces withdraw from, 17; Red Army liberates, 18; a war crimes trial in, 19

Kharkov Tank Works: relocated, 1

Khatskilevich, General: killed in action, 1

Khatyn (White Russia): villagers murdered at, 1

Kherson (South Russia): Jews and Russians murdered in, 1

Khmelnik (Ukraine): Jews murdered in, 1

Khimki (near Moscow): German troops reach, 1

Kholm (Russia): Germans driven from (1942), 1; Germans driven from (1944), 2

Khota Baru (Malaya): 1

Khrushchev, Nikita: in the Ukraine, 1; and the defence of Kiev, 2, 3; and the organization of partisans, 4

Kiangan (Luzon): napalm used at, 1

Kidney Ridge (El Alamein): secured, 1

Kieffer, Josef: and the shooting of British commandos, 1; executed, 2

Kiel (Germany): leaflets dropped on, 1; bombed, 2, 3, 4; a new submarine being fabricated in, 5; dock facilities at, bombed, 6; six thousand soldiers and refugees drowned off, 7; refugee ships reach, 8; a war criminal dies in, on the eve of his trial (1957), 9

Kielce (Poland): labour camps near, 1; German troops sent to, too late, 2; Jews murdered in, after the war, 3

Kienitz (River Oder): Soviet tanks reach, 1

Kieta (Solomon Islands): Japanese about to land at, 1

Kiev (Soviet Union): German plan against, 1, 2; Soviet defences in area of, 3, 4, 5; Soviet troop concentrations near, 6; last-minute plans for, 7, 8; on the eve of war, 9; factory evacuations from, 10; a Soviet counter-attack from, 11; Germans poised to enter, 12, 13; Russians withdraw from, 14; Germans enter, 15; Jews murdered in, 16, 17; ‘Germanization’ in, 18; partisans shot near, 19; slave labourers shot near, 20; a defence line, to be strengthened near, 21; Germans driven from, 22

Kiirun (Formosa): prisoners-of-war liberated in, 1

Kimberley (British destroyer): damaged, 1

Kimmel, Admiral: and Japanese intentions, 1; and American alertness, 2

King, Admiral: and the Arctic convoys, 1

King, Mackenzie: and Britain’s future, 1

King’s Award for Bravery: won by an eleven-year-old boy, 1

Kingisepp (Russia): abandoned, 1; Red Army returns to, 2

Kingsman, Lieutenant Charles F.: and the Italian partisans, 1

Kinsayok Camp (Thailand): deaths in, 1, 2

Kinugasa (Japanese heavy cruiser): sunk, 1

Kinzel, General Hans: and the German surrender, 1

Kirishima (Japanese battleship): sunk, 1

Kiriwina Island (Pacific Ocean): Americans land on, 1

Kirkenes (Norway): and a German war correspondent, 1; Stalin’s request concerning, 2; Germans abandon, 3

Kirponos, General: told ‘Do not move’, 1; orders a new defence line, 2; receives Stalin’s orders, in Kiev, 3; killed in action, 4

Kisaragi (Janapese destroyer): sunk, 1

Kishinev (Bessarabia): Jews murdered in, 1; Red Army approaches, 2

Kiska Island (Aleutians): Japanese land on, 1; American bombers attack, 2; a naval battle off, 3; Japanese abandon, 4; Americans and Canadians land on, 5

Kislovodsk (Caucasus): Germans enter, 1; Jews murdered at, 2

Kita, Nagai: and Pearl Harbour, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

‘Kite’: the German army’s most secret supply key to the East, broken, 1

Kitzelmann, Michael: his protest, and execution, 1

Kladovo (Yugoslavia): Soviet forces reach, 1

Klarsfeld, Arno: deported to Auschwitz, 1

Klein, Sergeant Zigmund: killed, 1

Kleist, General Paul von: and the British forces around Dunkirk, 1; east of Kiev, 2; forbidden to retreat, 3; orders the evacuation of the Crimea, 4

Kleist-Schmenzin, Ewald von: beheaded, 1

Klessheim Castle (Salzburg): Hitler meets Horthy at, 1, 2; Hitler sees a tank demonstration at, 3

Kletnya (Russia): Soviet partisans regroup near, 1; an anti-partisan sweep near, 2, 3

Kletsk (Russia): murder of Jews at, 1; Jews flee from, 2

Klimovskikh, General: and the imminence of war, 1; shot, 2

Klin (near Moscow): Germans reach, 1; Germans driven out of, 2

Klintsy (Russia): mass murder at, 1; Germans to withdraw from, 2

Klissura (Greece): Italians driven back to, 1; Italians drive out of, 2

Klooga (Estonia): Jews murdered at, 1

Klop, Lieutenant Dirk: dies of his wounds, 1

Klopper, General Hendrik: surrenders Tobruk, 1

Kluge, General Günther von: in Paris, 1; and Hitler’s visit to Paris, 2; and Hitler’s visit to Lille, 3; and the German opposition to Hitler, 4; and the Kursk battle to end, 5; and the evacuation of Orel, 6; a protest from, 7; urges a withdrawal, 8; replaces von Rundstedt, 9; is himself replaced, 10; commits suicide, 11; his final appeal, about tank deficiencies and shortages of fuel, 12

Klusmeir, Captain Emil: sinks two Allied merchant ships (on 7 May 1945), 1

Knauf, Erich: executed, 1

Knight, Captain Donald: killed in Yugoslavia, 1

Knight’s Cross (to the Iron Cross): award of, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12; a winner of, paraded in Moscow, 13

Knightsbridge (London): a ‘Flying Bomb’ at, 1

Knin (Yugoslavia): bombed, 1

Knipping, Max: executed (in 1947), 1

Knochen, Helmut: his award, 1; heads the Paris Gestapo, 2, 3; tried, sentenced, and later released, 4

Knochlein, SS Captain Fritz: orders a massacre, 1; hanged, 2

Knox, Frank: and Pearl Harbour, 1, 2

Kobe (Japan): bombed, 1, 2; Japanese fleet at, attacked, 3

Koblenz (Rhineland): Jews deported from, 1; bombed, 2

Kobona (Lake Ladoga): supplies, 1

Kobryn (Poland): a signals centre, 1; two last trains through, 2

Kobylka (Poland): a defence line at, 1

Kocani (Greece): partisan activity near, 1

Koch, Erich: visits Hitler, 1; his contempt for Russians, 2

Koch, Karl: an SS man, executed by the SS, 1

Koedel, Marie: a German agent, 1

Koenig, General Marie-Pierre: and the liberation of Paris, 1

Koeppen, Walter: and Hitler’s plans for Russia, 1

Kohima (India): besieged, 1, 2; Japanese driven from, 3

Kohl, Helmut: and the ‘horror of war’, 1

Kohn, Armand: deported, 1

Kohn, Georges-André: deported, 1; murdered, 2

Kohn, Dr Hugo: sent to Auschwitz, 1

Kokkorevo (Lake Ladoga): supplies reach, 1

Kokoda (New Guinea): Australians defend, 1; Australians fall back from, 2; Japanese seize, 3; Australians forced further back from 4, 5; Australians move back to, 6, 7; reconquest of heights on trail to, 8

Kokura (Japan): a possible atomic bomb target, 1; obscured by cloud, 2

Kolbe, Father Maximilian: his sacrifice, 1

Kolberg (East Prussia): its heroic past, 1; acquired by Poland, 2

Kolberg (film): portrays heroism, 1

Koldyczewo (White Russia): a slave labour camp revolt at, 1

Kolo (Poland): bombed, 1; Jews deported from, to their deaths, 2

Kolombangara Island (Solomons): a skirmish off, 1; a naval action off, 2; Americans land on, 3

Kolomyja (Eastern Galicia): Jews from, murdered, 1; Red Army enters, 2

Kolomna (near Moscow): battle at, 1

Komandorski Islands: Battle of, 1

Komet (German commerce raider): sets sail, 1

Koniev, General: advances westward, 1; orders the final artillery barrage of the Second World War in Europe, 2

Königsberg (Germany): to be bombed, 1; Hitler’s plans for, 2; bombed, 3; beseiged, 4; surrenders, 5; fighting near, 6, 7

Königstein (Saxony): an escape from, 1

Konotop (southern Russia): Germans driven from, 1

Konoye, Prince Fumimaro: comes to power in Japan, 1; resigns, 2

Konstanz (Germany): a would-be assassin caught in, 1

Konstruktor (Soviet gunboat): crosses Lake Ladoga, 1

Konyu Camp (Thailand): ‘breaking men’ in, 1; Tamils ‘die like flies’ near, 2; a ‘real camp of death’, 3

Kopec, Professor: shot, 1

Korbokov, General: shot, 1

Korea: forced labourers from, in New Guinea, 1

Koreans: surrender, on Makin Atoll, 1

Koren, Arieh: and a German manhunt, 1

Korherr, Dr Richard: and the statistics of mass murder, 1

Koritsa (Albania): Greeks reach, 1

Kormoran (German ocean raider): in action, 1

Korn, Hans Robert Martin: his saga, and fate, 1

Korobkov, General: shot, 1

Korosten (Russia): a defensive line at, 1; a Soviet counter-attack, at 2; Jews killed in, 3; a Russian attack at, 4

Korsun (southern Russia): Germans defeated at, 1

Koryzis, Alexander: commits suicide, 1

Korzec (Volhynia): Jews murdered at, 1

Kos (Dodecanese Islands): Germans land on, 1; and an escape line, 2; Jews of, deported to Auschwitz, 3, 4; German forces on, surrender, 5

Kosciuszko, General: his monument blown up, 1

Kosice (Slovakia): Red Army enters, 1

Kosmodemianskaya, Zoia: hanged, 1

Kossak, Zofia: helps Jews, 1

Kostroma (Russia): reinforcements gather at, 1

Kosygin, Alexsei: and the removal of factories, 1

Kostas, Stefan: executed, 1

Kotelnikovo (southern Russia): Germans reach, 1; Germans attacked at, 2; Russians recapture, 3

Kotevla (Ukraine): Russians enter, 1

Kott, Andrzej: captured, 1

Kotzebue, Lieutenant Albert: on the Elbe, 1

Kovner, Abba: an eye-witness, 1

Kovno (Líthuania): frontier violated near, 1; bombed, 2; a battle near, 3; Jews murdered in, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14; a protest about the murder of Jews in, 15; Jews in ghetto of, 16; Jewish deportees murdered in, 17, 18; Soviet prisoners-of-war murdered at, 19; the Allied invasion of Sicily, as seen from, 20; Jews in hiding in, discovered, and killed 21; Red Army enters, 22; Jewish women from, killed by their S.S. guards, 23; a killer of Jews in, extradited, 24

Kovpak, Sidor: a partisan leader, 1

Kowale Panskie (Poland): Jews from, gassed, 1

Kowalke, Gottlieb: killed, 1

Kowarski, Lew: leaves France, 1

Kozara Mountains (Yugoslavia): an anti-partisan sweep in, 1

Kozelsk (Soviet Union): and Polish prisoners-of-war, 1; Germans driven from, 2

Kragujevac (Yugoslavia): a massacre in, 1

Kraljevo (Yugoslavia): and a reprisal action, 1; a massacre at, 2

Kramatorsk (southern Russia): machine-works evacuated from, 1, 2; Red Army re-enters, 3

Kramer, Lieutenant Commander Alvin: and Pearl Harbour, 1

Kramer, Josef: transferred to Belsen, 1; and the arrival of British troops, at Belsen, 2; brought to trial, 3

Krancke, Captain Theodor: and Norway, 1; sinks the Jervis Bay, 2

Kraslava (Russia): Soviet troops move to (May 1941), 1

Krasnaya (Russia): reprisals at, 1

Krasnodar (Caucasus): German plans for, 1; Germans reach, 2; a war crimes trial at, 3; an eye witness to mass murder at, 4

Krass, SS Captain: awarded the Iron Cross, 1

Kraus, General: and Dutch volunteers on the Eastern Front, 1

Krebs, Colonel (later General): Stalin’s remark to, 1; and the surrender of Berlin, 2

Krebs (German armed trawler): boarded, 1

Kreipe, General Heinrich: kidnapped, 1

Kreisau Circle: opponents of Nazism in, 1, 2; and the Hitler Bomb Plot, 3, 4, 5, 6

Kreiser, General Jakov: in action, 1

Kremenchug (Soviet Union): Soviet troops move to (May 1941), 1; the Mayor of, shot, 2; Red Army approaches, 3

Kremer, Dr Johann: at Auschwitz, 1, 2, 3, 4

Kremer, Simon Davidovich: receives atomic secrets, 1

Kremlin (Moscow): spires of, 1; bombs near, 2; German elation concerning, 3; Germans twelve miles from, 4; a telegram to Churchill from, 5; the ‘horror of war’ spoken of in, 6

Kremnica (Solvakia): battle at, 1, 2

Kretshchmer, Captain Otto: captured, 1

Kriesshaber, Theodor: executed, 1

Krimchak Jews: executed, 1

Kristiansand (Norway): 1, 2, 3

Krivoi Rog (Ukraine): Hitler’s plan for, 1; Jews murdered in, 2; a German counter-attack at, 3

Kronstadt (Leningrad): bombed, 1

Kropotkin (southern Russia): Germans reach, 1

Krosniewice (Poland): Jews from, murdered, 1

Krotoszyn (Poland): evacuation from, 1

Krupp Armament Factories (at Essen): bombed, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Krupp von Bohlen, Alfred: sentenced, then amnestied, 1

Kruszyna (Poland): Jews killed at, 1

Kryukovo (near Moscow): the ‘final point of withdrawal’, 1

Krzywolka (Poland): Soviet prisoners-of-war murdered at, 1

Ksiazki (Poland): Poles murdered at, 1

Kuala Lumpur (Malaya): abandoned, 1

Kuantan (Malaya): Japanese land at, 1; battle at, 2; occupied, 3

Kuban River (Caucasus): Germans reach, 1; Germans cross, 2

Kube, Wilhelm: forwards a protest, 1; killed, 2

Kubis, Jan: his mission behind German lines, 1, 2; killed, 3

Kublichi (White Russia): Jews murdered at, 1

Kuchemann, Dietrich: brought to Britain, 1

Kuczynski, Ruth: receives atomic secrets, 1

Kuhmo (Finland): defended, 1, 2

Kuibyshev (Russia): evacuation to, 1

Kujawiak (British destroyer, manned by Poles): sunk, 1

Kuklesi (Greece): reprisals in, 1

Kulik, General: and the cavalry, 1

Kummert, SS Corporal: recalls a massacre, 1

Kunikov, Major Caesar: holds a beachhead, 1

Kunishi Ridge (Okinawa): fighting for, 1, 2, 3

Kunming (China): 1, 2

Kuntsevo (near Moscow): an anti-tank ditch at, 1

Kunze, Lieutenant Rolf: flies to Scotland, 1

Küpfinger, Lieutenant-Commander Hans: and Enigma, 1

Kupyansk (southern Russia): Red Army enters, 1

Kure (Japan): Japanese fleet near, attacked, 1; bombed, 2, 3

Kurgan (Soviet Union): evacuations to, 1

Kurile Islands: and Pearl Harbour, 1, 2; and an American deception plan, 3; Soviet Union to acquire, 4; Soviet troops land on, 5; Soviet troops complete their occupation of, 6

Kurland (Baltic): a map showing, saves Hitler, 1; German forces trapped in, 2

Kursk (Russia): Germans to withdraw to, 1; effect of resistance at Sevastopol on, 2; Germans driven from, 3; a Soviet salient around, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; bombed, 9; German plans to conquer, 10; battle for, 11, 12, 13

Kushchevskaya (southern Russia): Red Army enters, 1

Kushnir, Shlomo: leads a revolt, 1

Küstrin (on the Oder): holds out, 1; falls, 2

Kuttabul (Australian depot ship): hit, 1

Kutschera, SS General Franz: killed, 1; reprisals after death of, 2, 3

Kuznetsov, Admiral: at Libava, 1; tries to arouse Stalin, 2; and last-minute preparations, 3

Kwai River (Thailand): bridges on, destroyed, 1

Kwajalein (Marshall Islands): American air attacks on, 1; American Marines beheaded on, 2; American Marines land on, 3; a war crimes trial on, 4

Kwantung Army (Manchuria); Red Army attacks, 1

Kweilin (China): 1

Kweiyang (China): Japanese advance towards, 1

Kyoto (Japan): a possible atomic bomb target, 1

Kyle V. Johnson (U.S. troopship): suicide attack on, 1

Kyushi Island (Japan): planned invasion of, 1, 2, 3; and the atomic bomb, 4; continued preparations for the invasion of, 5; preparations for the defence of, 6

Laborde, Admiral Jean de: scuttles ships, 1

Labuan Island (Borneo): Japanese land on, 1; Australians land on, 2

La Caine (Normandy): bombed, 1

Laconia (British troopship): sunk, 1

Ladoga, Lake (Leningrad): Germans reach, 1; a Russian gunboat crosses, 2; supplies for Leningrad cross, 3, 4, 5; wounded soldiers evacuated across, 6; ‘Corridor of Death’ to, 7

‘Lady Be Good’ (US bomber): its ill-fated flight, 1; the remains of, found in the desert, 2

Lae (New Guinea): Japanese land at, 1; occupied, 2; raided, 3; reinforcements to, sunk, 4; an American force lands near, 5; Americans and Australians advance to, 6; Japanese abandon, 7; Japanese trek from, 8

Lagedi (Estonia): Jews murdered at, 1

La Haye-du-Puits (France): German troops moved to, 1, 2; battle at, 3

Lahousen, Colonel: and Soviet prisoners-of-war, 1; and ‘indescribable’ scenes of mass murder, 2; and German sabotage in Britain, 3

Lambeth (London): a ‘Flying Bomb’ on, 1

Lammers, Dr Hans: and euthanasia, 1, 2; records a protest, 3

Lampedusa Island (Mediterranean): surrenders, 1

Lampione Island (Mediterranean): occupied, 1

Lancastria (British passenger liner): sunk, 1

Landau, SS Sergeant Felix: and the murder of Jews, 1, 2

Landsberg (Bavaria): American troops reach, 1; a war crimes trial at, 2

Lang Son (French Indo-China): Free French forces in, overrun, 1

Langbehn, Carl: executed, 1

Langeron, Roger: defies the Germans, 1; arrested, 2

Langley, Jimmy: escapes, 1

Langley (US support ship): sunk, 1

Langsdorff, Captain Hans: and the Graf Spee, 1

Laon (France): bombed, 1

La Pallice (France): troops embarked from, 1; German warships attacked at, 2; German submarine pens at, 3

Larissa (Greece): deportations through, 1

La Roche-Guyon (France): Rommel leaves, 1; Rommel contacted at, 2; Rommel wounded on the way to, 3

La Rochelle (France): the German garrison at, shown an heroic film, 1

Larsen, Leif: his torpedo mission, 1

Lasch, General Otto: surrenders Königsberg, 1

Lashio (Burma): supplies pass through, 1; Japanese reach, 2

Lasker, Anita: and the burning of Belsen, 1

Las Palmas (Canary Islands): German ships forced to leave safety of, 1

La Spezia (Italy): bombed, 1; Italian ships set sail from, 2; partisan action near, 3; Germans hold, 4

Latsis, Giorgio: a partisan, killed in action, 1

Latvia: its treaty with Russia; Soviet bases in, 1; Soviet forces to enter, 2; annexed, 3; fate of Jews in, 4; German forces in, surrender, 5; some Germans in, still refusing to surrender (11 May 1945), 6; final German surrender in (14 March 1945), 7

Laufer, Leo: accompanies Americans into Ohrdruf, 1

Laurahütte Works (East Upper Silesia): slave labour at, 1

Lauterbach (Germany): American troops enter, 1

Laval (France): Canadian troops reach, 1

Laval, Pierre: Hitler meets, 1; tried, and shot, 2

Laznie (Poland): villagers shot in, 1

Leaflets: dropped over Germany, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; dropped over Warsaw, 6; dropped over Berlin, 7; give details of ‘German atrocities’, 8

League of Human Rights: the President of, shot, 1

League of Nations: Soviet Union expelled from, 1; a former official of, found guilty of war crimes, 2

Leahy, Fleet Admiral William D.: and the atomic bomb, 1

Leamington Spa (England): and a monument to Czechs and Slovaks, 1

Lebanese: at Bir Hakeim, 1

Lebanon: battle for, 1

Lebel, Reb Bunem: shot, 1

Lebensborn (human stud farms): 1, 2

Leber, Julius: and the opposition to Hitler, 1; executed, 2

Le Cateau (France): Germans in, 1

Le Chěne, Evelyn: describes an act of defiance, 1

Leckwitz (Elbe): an American and a Soviet soldier meet at, 1

Leclerc, General Jacques Philippe: enters Paris, 1

Le Creusot (France): a pilot shot down over, 1

Le Crotoy (France): Germans reach, 1

Lecussan, Joseph: an arrest by, 1

Leda (German minesweeper): sunk, 1

Ledo (India): troops fall back to, 1; an attack from, 2

Le Druillenec, Harold: at Belsen, 1

Leeb, Field Marshal Wilhelm Ritter von: besieges Leningrad, 1, 2; his protest, 3; has to send tanks to Moscow front, 4; refused permission to withdraw, 5, 6

Légion d’Honneur: award of, 1

Legrange, Simone: the fate of her family, 1

Leguay, Jean: brought to trial, 1

Le Havre (France): to be evacuated, 1; evacuation at, 2; a Commando raid near, 3; an Allied deception near, 4; a German attack from, forestalled, 5, 6; Allied bombing of, 7; surrenders to the Allies, 8

Lehmann-Willenbrock, Captain Heinrich: killed, 1

Lehmkühl, Kurt: captured, 1

Lehoux, Captain Jacques: killed, 1

Leibstandarte Regiment (of the SS): and a massacre, 1

Leiden (Holland): attacked, 1

Leigh-Fermor, Major Patrick: on Crete, 1, 2

Leigh, Vera: a British agent, killed, 1

Leikina, Fania: ‘liquidated’, 1

Leipzig (Germany): troops in, 1; Hitler on way to, 2; bombed, 3, 4; Jews deported to Auschwitz from, 5; proposed ‘heavy attacks’ on, 6; ‘allotted’ to the Allied air forces, 7; American troops enter, 8

Le Mans (France): Allied troops at, 1; Germans occupy, 2

Le Matin (Paris): a seller of, and Hitler, 1

Lembicz, Edward: sentenced to death, 1

Lemelsen, General: his protest, 1; and the Commissar Decree, 2

Lemnos (Greece): Germans occupy, 1

Lemonnier, General: decapitated, 1

Lemp, Julius: and the Athenia, 1; drowned, 2

Lend-Lease: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Lenin’s Mausoleum (Moscow): a place of honour by, 1; Stalin reviews troops from, 2; German military banners thrown at foot of, 3

Leningrad: protection of, 1; German troops go through, 2; planned German advance to, 3, 4, 5; air defences of, 6; German engineers leave, 7; the defence of, 8; a poster in, 9; a writer from, killed in action, 10; art treasures evacuated from, 11; factories evacuated from, 12; German forces approach, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17; first volunteers leave for front line from, 18; siege of, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24; to be razed to the ground, 25; bombardment of, 26; partisan activity near, 27; starvation in, 28, 29; first snow falls in (1941), 30; a celebration in, 31; mass evacuation from, completed, 32; leaflets dropped on, 33; a concert in, 34; bombed, 35; supplies for, 36, 37; shelled, 38; and Hitler’s ‘halt’ order, 39; continued starvation in, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45; partisans behind the lines near, 46; trams run again in, 47; to be a German objective in late 1942, 48; Germans attacked outside, 49, 50; receives heaviest shelling of the war (July 1943), 51; Red Army renews offensive at, 52; siege of, ends, 53; railway services with Moscow resumed, 54; Soviet offensive near (June 1944), 55; Spanish Legion deaths during siege of, 56

Leonard, Charles J.: recalls the fighting on Okinawa, 1

Leonardo da Vinci: two paintings by, evacuated, 1

Leopold of the Belgians, King: exhorts his soldiers, 1; bows to German pressure, 2

Lepel (Russia): Soviet partisans near, attacked, 1, 2, 3

Leros (Aegean Sea): struggle for, 1, 2; and an escape line, 3; German troops on, surrender, 4

Le Roux, J. J.: and Rommel, 1

Les Milles (France): Jews at, 1

Les Petités Dalles (France): Rommel reaches, 1; recalled, 2

Lesno (Poland): reprisals at, 1

Les Préludes (Liszt): Hitler listens to, 1

Letterhaus, Bernard: hanged, 1

Leuna (Germany): bombed, 1

Leuschner, Wilhelm: murdered, 1

Levi, Primo: in ‘a world of death and phantoms’, 1

Levin, Meyer: ‘cadaverous refugees’ seen by, 1

Levinson-Lessing, Vladimir: and Leningrad’s art treasures, 1

Lewenthal, Salmen: his notes, and his question, dug up at Auschwitz (1962), 1

Lewi, Israel, shot, 1

Lewi, Liebe, shot, 1

Lewis, Captain Robert A.: and a ‘son-of-a-bitch’, 1

Lewisham (South London): bombed, 1; a ‘Flying Bomb’ at, 2

Lexington (US aircraft carrier): sunk, 1; an earlier mission of, recalled, 2

Ley, Robert: commits suicide, 1

Leyte Gulf (Philippines): battle of, 1, 2

Leyte Island (Pacific): Americans shell, 1; landings on, 2, 3; deaths on, 4; last fighting on, 5

Lezaky (near Prague): a reprisal action in, 1

Lgov (Russia): partisan activity near, 1

Libava (Lithuania): a German aircraft over, 1; bombed, 2; executions of Jews halted in, 3

Liberty Barricade (Warsaw): publishes account of Chelmno killings, 1

Liberty ships (US merchant ships): the first one launched, 1; the last one launched, 2

Libesis, Lance-Corporal: and the Commissar Decree, 1

Libreville (French Equatorial Africa): Free French forces enter, 1

Libya: 1, 2; Italian forces in, 3; Italian forces cross into Egypt from, 4, 5; British forces cross into, 6; British forces return to, 7, 8; British forces return yet again to, 9, 10, 11, 12

Lichtheim, Richard: and the destruction of the Jews, 1

Lichtenburg, Pastor Bernard: his protest, and his death, 1, 2

Lida (Poland): a signals centre, 1; overrun, 2

Lidice (near Prague): a reprisal massacre at, 1

Liebehenschel, SS Lieutenant-Colonel: and awards for executioners, 1

Liebeskind, Adolf: killed, 1

Liège (Belgium): bombed by German Jets, 1

Life magazine: and the ‘most decorated soldier’, 1

Lightoller, Commander C. H. (RN, retd): at Dunkirk, 1

Lightoller, Lieutenant Frederick: killed, 1

Lightoller, Pilot Officer H. B.: killed, 1; recalled, 2

Lille (France): Hitler visits, 1; an Englishman escapes from, 2; a sabotage circuit based on, 3, 4; a reprisal action near, 5; a traitor hanged in, 6

Lim Bo Seng, General: executed by the Japanese, 1

Limbourne (British destroyer): deaths on, 1

Lindell, Mary: parachuted behind German lines, 1

Lindemann, General Fritz: and the Hitler Bomb Plot, 1

Linden, Dr Herbert: wants to destroy evidence of mass murder, 1

Lindenbaum, Shalon: and the bombing of Monowitz, 1

Linosa Island (Mediterranean): surrenders, 1

Linsley, Lieutenant R. R.: killed, 1

Linton, Joseph: and a plan of Auschwitz, 1

Linz (Austria): Hitler’s rebuilding plans for, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; Flak Towers to be built in, 6; Churchill’s wish ‘to meet the Russians there’, 7; and the American-Soviet demarcation line, 8

Lisahally (Northern Ireland): post-war sinking of German submarines off, 1

Lisbon (Portugal): a false destination, 1; a spy reaches Britain from, 2

Lisbon Maru (Japanese merchant ship): sunk, 1

Lishka, Kurt: and the deportation of Jews from Paris, 1

Lisichansk (southern Russia): Germans enter, 1

Liska, Major General Alois: and the surrender of Dunkirk, 1

Liskof, Alfred: a deserter, 1, 2

Lisome Bay (US escort carrier): torpedoed, 1

List, Field Marshal Wilhelm: dismissed, 1

Liszt, Franz: and the death of a German air ace, 1

Liteiny Bridge (Leningrad): civilians killed on, 1

Lithuania: and the Soviet Union, 1, 2, 3; annexed, 4; Jews murdered in, 5, 6, 7; a German anti-partisan sweep in, 8; Jews from, in action, 9; Red Army reaches Baltic coast of, 10

Liuchow (China): Japanese driven back towards, 1

Liuyang River (China): a Japanese offensive in, 1

Livarot (Normandy): Rommel severely wounded at, 1

Liverpool (England): 1, 2; bombed, 3, 4; a ship sailing from, attacked, 5

Liverpool Street Station (London): a tunnel near, 1

Livorno (Italy): bombed, 1; possible Allied landing at, 2

Ljubljana (Slovenia): Germans enter, 1

Loborgrad (Yugoslavia): Jews murdered in, 1

Loch Ryan (Scotland): post-war sinking of German submarines in, 1

Lodeinoye Polye (Lake Ladoga): Finns reach, 1

Lodz (Poland): battle for, 1; Jews of, 2, 3, 4; a ghetto established in, 5; starvation in the ghetto of, 6; deportations to, 7, 8; deportations from, and a deception, 9; final deportations from, 10, 11; German troops sent through, too late, 12; Red Army enters, 13; Jews women from, killed in the Baltic, 14; recollections of a girl from, on the sea journey from Lübeck to Kiel, 15

Lofoten Islands (Norway): a naval raid on, 1

Löhr, General Alexander: urges severity, 1; conducts an anti-partisan sweep, 2; orders retaliation against civilians, 3

Lohse, Hinrich: and the ‘Final Solution’, 1; and measures restricting Jews, 2; and the killing of Jews by gas, 3; halts killings for economic reasons, 4; and the Gypsies, ‘a double danger’, 5

Loilem (Burma): Japanese driven from, 1

Loire River (France): retreat to, 1; French Government evacuated to, 2; proposed action on, 3; bridges destroyed on, 4; German supply columns attacked near, 5; Americans advance to, 6, 7; a German surrender on, 8

Loknya (Russia): Jews and Gypsies murdered in, 1

Lokot (Russia): anti-partisan sweep neat, 1

London (England): and the threat of bombing, 1; children return to, 2; awaits a parachute attack, 3; German bombs fall on (1940), 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16; (1943), 17, 18, 19, 20; ‘bad days for’ (Goebbels), 21; ‘boundless wrath’ in, 22; the bombing of Hamburg and a comparison with, 23; the VI ‘Flying Bomb’ falls on, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34; news of Auschwitz reaches, 35; evacuations from (July 1944), 36; the ‘Flying Bomb’ no longer a threat to, 37; a renewed ‘Flying Bomb’ offensive against, 38; a rocket bomb offensive against, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44; a victory parade in, 45; and an unexploded bomb, 46; Hirohito visits, 47

‘London Controlling Section’: and deception, 1

London Debt Agreement (1952): resolves Germany’s reparations debts of 1914, 1

London Declaration (1942): on ‘war crimes’, 1

‘Long live Belgium!’: a cry, during an execution, 1

‘Long live Poland!’: a cry, during an execution, 1

Longoskayan Point (Philippines): Japanese land at, 1; Japanese bridgehead at, destroyed, 2

Lonsdale, Major Richard: his heroism, in Sicily, 1; at Arnhem, 2

‘Lord Haw-Haw’ (William Joyce): his broadcasts from Germany, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7; arrested, 8; hanged, 9

Lord, Flight Lieutenant D. S. A.: over Arnhem, 1

Lorengau (Admiralty Islands): Japanese land at, 1

Lorraine (France): Allies advance towards, 1

Lorient (France): a German submarine base, 1, 2; bombed, 3; a landing expected at, 4

Los Alamos (New Mexico): and the atomic bomb, 1, 2

Los Banos (Philippines): a rescue mission to, 1; a war crimes trial in, 2

Lossiemouth (Scotland): a raid from, on the Tirpitz, 1

Lötzen (East Prussia): German troops withdraw from, 1

Louisville (US cruiser): suicide attack on, 1, 2

Loustalot, Lieutenant Edwin V.: killed in action, 1

Lower Wessell Island (Australia): raided, 1

Lowery, Sergeant Louis R.: the fate of a photograph by, 1

Lozovaya (southern Russia): Red Army enters, 1

Lübeck (Germany): leaflets dropped on, 1; bombed, 2, 3; British thrust to, 4, 5; Himmler meets Bernadotte in, 6; fate of refugee ships at, 7; new submarines at, never put to sea, 8

Lublin (Poland): Jews deported to, 1, 2; Jewish tribulations in, 3; Jews deported to their death from, 4, 5, 6; declared the temporary capital of Poland, 7

Lubny (Ukraine): battle near, 1

Lucas, General John P.: hesitates, 1

Ludendorff Bridge (Remagen, Rhine): Americans cross, 1

Luknitsky (a Russian writer): and the burial of the dead in Leningrad, 1

Lulea (Sweden): mines to be laid off, 1

Luga (Russia): Soviet partisans near, 1; Soviet defence line at, 2

Lüneburg (Germany): Himmler’s suicide at, 1; a war crimes trial at, 2

Lushno (Russia): German bravery at, 1

Luteyn, Tony: escapes, 1

Luther, Martin: and the ‘Final Solution’, 1, 2

Lütjens, Vice-Admiral: in action, 1, 2, 3; scuttles the Bismarck, 4; goes down with his ship, 5

Lutsk (Poland): Germans enter, 1; Jews murdered in, 2, 3; Red Army reaches, 4

Lützow (German battleship): beaten off, 1; in the Arctic, 2

Luxemburg: 1, 2; invaded, 3; laws against Jews introduced in, 4; Jews deported from, 5, 6; forced labour from, 7; civilians from, at Belsen, 8; war criminals held in a hotel in, 9

Luxemburg Treaty (1952): and reparations to the Jews, 1

Luzon (Philippines): bombed, 1; Americans land at, 2, 3; President Quezon leaves, 4; loss of life off, 5; sabotage activities on, forbidden, 6; American naval losses off, 7, 8; American landing on, 9; battle for, 10; prisoners-of-war on, rescued, 11, 12; continued fighting on, 13, 14, 15, 16; napalm used on, 17; plans for the invasion of Japan, made on, 18

Lvov (Poland): Polish surrender at, 1; Soviet annexation of, 2; Soviet preparations near, 3; German troop movements near, 4; and a partisan group, 5; and Russian resistance, 6; overrun, 7; withdrawal behind, 8; Jews murdered in, 7, 8; evidence of mass murder destroyed in, 11; Red Army approaches, 12; Red Army enters, 13; acquired by Russia, 14

Lydie Suzanne (Belgian fishing vessel): at Dunkirk, 1

Lyon, Lieutenant-Colonel Ivan: killed, 1

Lyon (France): SS in action near, 1; Jean Moulin arrested in 2; tortures in, 3; executions in, 4; a deportation near, 5; sabotage near, 6; bombed, 7; reprisals in, 8; a mass execution in, 9; further executions at, 10; Resistance fighters in, 11

Lyuban (near Leningrad): fighting at, 1

Maas River (Holland): Allies reach, 1; Allied plans to advance from, 2

Mabuni (Okinawa): suicides at, 1

MacArthur, General Douglas: and Japan, 1, 2, 3; reaches Corregidor, 4; says ‘Help is on the way’, 5; orders a withdrawal, 6; ‘I intend to fight it out’, 7; ordered to leave the Philippines, 8; leaves Luzon, 9; in Australia, 10; forbids sabotage activities, 11; seeks to regain Rabaul, 12; agrees to ‘I shall return’ packets, to be sent in to the Philippines, 13; his pledge to be honoured, 14; and the battle for Leyte, 15; and a news blackout, concerning kamikaze pilots, 16; returns to Manila, 17; announces liberation of the Philippines, 18; and the defeat of Japan, 19; moves to Tokyo, 20; upholds death sentences, 21

McAuliffe, Major-General Anthony: refuses to surrender, 1

McCarthy, Major D.: a clandestine landing by, 1

McCloy, John J.: an appeal to, 1; issues a general amnesty, 2

McDonough, Jay: wounded, 1

McIndoe, Archibald: his healing work, 1

McIntyre, Lieutenant I.: an aerial reconnaisance by, 1

Mackesy, Major-General Pierse Joseph: in Norway, 1

McLain, Captain Bill: on Corregidor, 1

Maclean, Brigadier Fitzroy: parachuted into Yugoslavia, 1

Macedonia (Yugoslavia): offered to Bulgaria, 1; deportation of Jews from, 2

Machen, Charles: arrested and deported, 1

Machines: ‘will beat machines’, 1, 2

Mackwiller (Saar): Germans driven from, 1

Mâcon (France): a rescue from, 1

Macva (Yugoslavia): a massacre at, 1

Madagascar: and the Jews, 1; a British landing on, 2; a Japanese submarine attack on, 3; Subhas Chandra Bose transferred to a Japanese submarine near, 4

Madang (New Guinea): Japanese withdraw to, 1

‘Madeleine’: helps the French Resistance, 1

Madeira (Portugal): 1; German submarines near, attack a convoy, 2

Madras (India): ‘may fall’, 1; bombs near, 2

Madrid (Spain): Franco returns to, 1

Maebashi (Japan): bombed, 1

Mafalda, Princess: killed by an Allied bomb, 1

Magdalenka (Poland): Poles murdered at, 1

Magdeburg (Germany): bombed, 1, 2; bombing of, reported, 3

Magennis, Mick: his courageous exploit, 1

‘Magic’: Japanese diplomatic messages, being read by the United States, 1, 2, 3, 4; and Pearl Harbour, 5

Magnetic mine: a new weapon, 1; loses its terror, 2

Magnitogorsk (Urals): evacuation to, 1

Mahan (US destroyer): hit by a kamikaze pilot, 1

Mahratta (British destroyer): torpedoed, 1

Maidstone (England): German aircraft show down near, 1

Maikop (Caucasus): a German objective, 1; Germans reach, 2

Mailly-le-Camp (France): bombed, 1

Maine (United States): German agents land at, 1

Mainz (Germany): and mines in the Rhine, 1

Maisky, Ivan: and a ‘saga of heroism’, 1

Majdanek (Poland): a concentration camp at, 1; mass murder at, 2, 3; Red Army reaches, 4; and a war crimes trial, 5

Majorat (Poland): murders at, 1

Makhach-Kala (Caspian Sea): German plans for, sent by Churchill to Stalin, 1

Makin Island (Pacific): Japanese land on, 1; an unsuccessful American landing on, 2; final invasion of, 3

Malaya: 1, 2; a Japanese air reconnaisance over, 3; to be a target, 4; Japanese troops head for, 5, 6; Japanese invasion of, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12; executions in, 13, 14; end of the war in, 15; becomes independent, 16, 17

Maldegem (Belgium): a gap near, 1

Maleme (Crete): attacked, 1

Malines (Belgium): Jews deported to Auschwitz from, 1, 2, 3

Malmédy (Ardennes): American soldiers massacred at, 1

Maloelap (Marshall Islands): American air attacks on, 1

Malöy (Norway): a commando raid on, 1

Maloyaroslavets (Russia): occupied, 1

Malta: bombed, 1; air battles of, 2, 3; Hitler seeks to isolate, 4; supplies reach, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11; bombed, 12, 13; a torpedo boat attack on, 14; supplies to, sunk, 15; fears for, 16; naval escort for, attacked, 17; attacks made from, 18; to be reinforced, 19; receives George Cross, 20; a renewed air assault on, 21; thought to be the real object of the ‘Torch’ landings, 22; Italian ships reach safety of, 23

Maly Trostenets (Russia): a German concentration camp at, 1; a death camp at, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; a revolt at, 7

Manado (Dutch East Indies): Japanese capture, 1

Manchester (England): Churchill speaks in, 1; bombed, 2

Manchester, William: recalls an incident on Okinawa, 1

Manchester (British cruiser): sunk, 1

Manchester Guardian: and the Jews of Poland, 1

Manchuria: Japanese army in, 1; Soviet troops advance through, 2, 3, 4

Mandalay (Burma): 1; bombed, 2; and a sabotage mission, 3; British and Indian troops advance towards, 4; falls, 5

Mandel, Georges: fights subversion, 1; prevents flight of public officials, 2; wants to fight on, 3, 4; executed, 5; his executioner executed, 6

Manevich, Lev: his act of defiance, 1; dies, 2

Mangan, Lieutenant Sagejima: an executioner, 1

Mangin, General: his statue destroyed, 1

‘Manhattan Project’: the atomic bomb, 1, 2, 3

Mannerheim, Marshal Carl: and a ‘holy war’, 1

Mannerheim Line (Finland): attacked, 1; breached, 2; by-passed, 3

Manila (Philippines): 1, 2, 3; evacuated, 4; Japanese forces enter, 5; Japanese send reinforcements from, 6; American targets near, 7; the Ushio damaged off, 8; atrocities in, 9; American forces approach, 10; battle for, 11, 12

Manila Bay (US escort carrier): hit in a suicide attack, 1

Mannheim (Germany): bombed, 1, 2, 3, 4

Manoora (Australian armed merchant cruiser): in action, 1

Manor Park (London): bomb at, 1

Manstein, General Fritz Erich von: and Hitler’s musings, 1; and the Jews, 2, 3; promoted Field Marshal, 4; Hitler visits, 5, 6, 7; visits Hitler, 8; a protest from, 9; a warning from, 10; urges a withdrawal, 11; a success of, on the Eastern Front, 12; troops of, fall back, 13; dismissed, 14

Mantes (France): Allies reach, 1

Maori (British destroyer): rescues survivors, 1

Maoris: in action, 1, 2, 3

Maquis, the: in France, 1, 2, 3; sweeps against, 4, 5

Marat (Soviet battleship): in action, 1

Marburg (Germany): American troops enter, 1

‘March of Death’: in the Philippines, 1; survivors of, liberated, 2; the officer responsible for, executed, 3

Marchal, Colonel: flown to France (1943), 1

Marcinkance (eastern Poland): Jews in, murdered, 1

Marcks, General Erich: and German plans against Russia, 1, 2

Marcus Island (Pacific Ocean): an attack on, in retaliation, 1; Americans bomb, 2; Japanese garrison on, surrenders, 3

Maresyev, Alexei: his exploit, 1

Mareth Line (Tunisia): Rommel fortifies, 1; Rommel attacks from, 2; British Eighth Army attacks, 3

Margerie, Roland de: wants to fight on, 1

Mariampolé (Lithuania): Jews murdered at, 1

Marianas Islands: planned conquest of, 1; landings on, 2; battles for, 3; Japanese surrenders on, 4

Maribor (Yugoslavia): Hitler visits, 1; German troops still in action near (11 May 1945), 2

Marienbad (Czechoslovakia): Jews killed in, 1

Marienburg (East Prussia): Hitler meets Horthy at, 1; British prisoners-of-war encounter a ‘death march’ near, 2; Red Army halted near, 3

Marienwerder (East Prussia): German troops reach, 1

Marigny (Normandy): an Allied deception at, 1

Marinenko, Captain: sights German troop transports, 1

Maritza (Italian fuel ship): sunk, 1

Mariupol (southern Russia): evacuation from, 1; Germans reach, 2; Germans retreat to, 3; and Germany’s Caspian Sea plans, 4

Mariveles Mountains (Philippines): 1

Markkleeberg (near Leipzig): slave labour at, 1

Marlag (near Hamburg): and an Allied air raid, nearby, 1

Marquise-Mimoyecques (near Calais): bombed, 1

Marseille (France): an escapee reaches, 1; Jewish orphans sent to their deaths from, 2; a member of the Milice killed in, 3; Allies enter, 4

Marseillaise, the: sung in Paris (August 1944), 1; sung in Indo-China (May 1945), 2

Marsh, John: and Hirohito’s visit to London (1971), 1

Marshall, General George C.: and aid to Britain, 1; and preparations against Japan, 2; and the Philippines, 3; and aid to Egypt, 4; and aid to Russia, 5; and the bombing of Rome, 6; and the liberation of Prague, 7; his comprehensive aid plan, 8

Marshall Islands: American air attacks on, 1; American landings on, 2

Martel, Major-General G. le Q.: in action, 1

Martin, Flight-Lieutenant Trevor: and Churchill’s flight to view the battle, 1

Marxstadt (Volga): deportations from, 1

Mary, Queen: 1

Maryland (US battleship): hit by a kamikaze pilot, 1

Marzabotto (Italy): a clandestine mission to, 1

Massachusetts (US warship): bombards Japan, 1

Massawa (Eritrea): Italian naval setback near, 1; surrenders, 2

Mastiff (British minesweeper): blown up by a magnetic mine, 1

Matabele (British destroyer): sunk, 1

Matapan, Cape (Greece): Italian naval defeat off, 1

Mathis, First Lieutenant Jack W.: in action, 1

Matsuoka, Yosuke: Stalin’s remark to, 1

Matuson, Sara: sheltered and saved, 1

Mauban-Abucay Line (Philippines): Americans withdraw from, 1

Mauritius (Indian Ocean): 1; troops from, fight at Bir Hakeim, 2; an ‘Ultra’ listening post at, 3

Mauthausen (Austria): concentration camp at, 1; Poles sent to, 2; Jews sent to, 3, 4; Czech women and children sent to, 5; a mass execution in, 6; ‘handle the load yourself’, 7; Red Cross at, 8; ‘a thousand men must still die every day’ in, 9; American troops reach, 10

‘Max’: parachuted into France, 1

Maxim Gorky (Soviet cruiser): in action, 1

Maximov, Ivan: crosses Lake Ladoga, 1

May, Dr Alan Nunn: passes on uranium, 1

May, Doris: and Rommel’s threat to Palestine, 1

Mayakovsky Metro Station (Moscow): Stalin speaks in, 1

Mayer (a British commando): his fate, 1

Mayo, Lieutenant T. P.: shot down, but evades capture, 1

Mazaniuk, Elena: kills a killer, 1

Mazignen (France): parachutists at, 1

‘Meat Grinder’ (Iwo Jima): fighting at, 1

Meaux (France): Germans to enter, 1

Mechelen-sur-Meuse (Belgium): a plane crash near, 1

Medal of Honour: awarded, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

Médaille Militaire: awarded, 1

Médenine (Tunisia): a defence line at, 1; Rommel defeated at, 2

Medmenham (England): photo interpretation at, 1, 2

Medyn (Russia): Germans to withdraw to, 1; a battle west of, 2

Megara (Greece): evacuation from, 1

Mein Kampf (Hitler): and Communism, 1

Meindl, Major-General: wounded, 1

Meknès (French merchant steamer): sunk, 1

Melitopol (southern Russia): a German defence line at, 1

Melun (France): sabotage near, 1

Member of the British Empire: awarded, 1

Memel: and Hitler’s ‘mission’, 1; to be bombed, 2; besieged, 3; German forces trapped in, 4; Hitler orders evacuation of, by sea, 5

‘Memphis Belle’: bombing missions of, 1; her crew filmed, 2

Menasché, Lillian: and ‘that cursed day’, 1

Mengele, Dr Josef: at Auschwitz, 1, 2, 3; an eye witness of the brutality of, liberated, 4

Menin (Belgium): 1

Mennecke, Dr Fritz: his medical experiments, 1, 2, 3, 4

Mental patients: murdered, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11

Menton (France): occupied by Italy, 1; anti-Italian posters in, 2

Menzies, Sir Stuart: and Intelligence for Stalin, 1

Merano (Italy): Jews deported to Auschwitz from, 1

Merapas Island (Singapore): clandestine operations on, 1

Merchant seamen: attacked after being torpedoed, 1, 2

Mergui (Burma): Japanese surrender at, 1

Mermagen, Tubby: and the French surrender, 1

Merritt, Lieutenant-Colonel: at Dieppe, 1

Mers-el-Kebir (Algeria): French naval base at, 1; British bombardment of, 2; and France’s ‘honour’, 3

Mersa Matruh (Egypt): a body washed ashore at, 1; British fall back to, 2; General Kreipe brought to, 3

Messe, General: in Tunisia, 1

Messina (Italy): bombed, 1; American forces enter, 2

Messina, Straits of (Sicily-Italy): Germans withdraw to Italy across, 1; Allies invade Italy across, 2

Messmer, Captain Pierre: at Bir Hakeim, 1

Metaxas, General John: and the liberation of Albania, 1

Metkovic (Yugoslavia): German units attacked near, 1

Metlika (Yugoslavia): and a planned Allied escape line, 1

Metz (France): German troops at, 1; von Kluge commits suicide on the way to, 2; Americans enter, 3

Metzger, Max Josef: executed, 1

Meurer, Captain Manfred: shot down, and killed, 1

Meuse River (Belgium, Holland): German troops cross, 1, 2; Allies cross, 3; Germans drive towards, 4; Churchill views battle east of, 5

Mexico: an escapee returns to Germany through, 1

Mexico, Gulf of: and German submarines, 1

Meyer, SS Lieutenant-Colonel Kurt: and the killing of prisoners-of-war, 1; withdraws into Caen, 2; tried, 3; released, 4

Mga (near Leningrad): Germans occupy, 1; Russians recapture, 2; Germans in renewed occupation of, 3; liberation of, 4

M.I.9: and escapees, 1

Miami (Florida): German submarines off, 1

Michael, King of Roumania: and the Soviet-Roumanian armistice, 1

Michalowice (Poland): Poles shot in, 1

Michelin Marcel: killed by an Allied bomb, 1

Michniow (Poland): Poles executed in, 1

Michiels, General: and the defeat of Belgium, 1

Middelburg (Holland): a reprisal at, 1

Midway Island (Pacific): to be reinforced, 1, 2; bombed, 3; a raid on, forestalled, 4; a 1941 mission to, recalled, 5

Miedzylesie (near Warsaw): Red Army reaches, 1; Vistula crossed west of, 2

Miedzyrzec Podlaski (Poland): Jews killed in, 1

Mielec (Poland): Jews deported to their death from, 1; Jewish slave labourers murdered at, 2

Mierzwa, Pilot Officer Boguslaw: killed, 1

Mieth, Major-General Friedrich: his protest, 1

Mihailovic, Colonel Draca: a focus of revolt in Yugoslavia, 1; a British agent reaches, 2; attacks Tito’s partisans, 3; defends Split, 4

Mikolajczyk, Jan: sentenced to death, 1

Milan (Italy): bombed, 1; Jews deported from, to Auschwitz, 2, 3; partisans liberate, 4; Mussolini’s body hanged in, 5

Milice: a member of, killed, 1; members of, executed, 2; help round up Jews, 3; twelve members of, killed, 4; an act of revenge against, 5; and the execution of Georges Mandel, 6; in Lyon, 7; a member of, recalls an execution, 8; a member of, executed (1947), 9

Milch, Field Marshal Erhard: and the German rocket, 1; and the German jet aircraft, 2

Military Cross: awarded, 1

Miller, Second Lieutenant: escapes, 1

Miller, Lusia: ‘I really do not want to die’, 1

Millerovo (southern Russia): abandoned, 1; Germans driven back to, 2

Milos (Aegean Sea): German troops on, surrender, 1

Milosna (Poland): a defence line at, 1

‘Mincer’ (Iwo Jima): fighting at, 1

Mindanao (Philippines): Japanese land on, 1; MacArthur reaches Australia through, 2; a freighter sunk off, 3; American landing on, 4, 5; continued fighting on, 6, 7; organized resistance on, ends, 8; a further landing on, 9; last resistance on, ends, 10

Mindoro Island (Philippines): American landing on, 1

Mineralniye Vody (Caucasus): German forces enter, 1; Jews murdered at, 2

Minerva Factory (Antwerp): bombed, 1

Minneapolis (US heavy cruiser): damaged, 1

‘Minnie’ (Hannah Szenes): her parachute mission, 1

Minsk (White Russia): a Soviet signals centre, 1; bombed, 2; battle for, 3; the front near, 4; mopping up operations near, 5; a German concentration camp near, 6; Jews murdered in, 7, 8, 9; mass murder in region of, 10; measures against Jews promulgated in, 11; action against partisans near, 12, 13; a public execution in, 14; partisan activity near, 15, 16, 17, 18; a death camp near, 19; Jews deported to, 20; an assassination in, 21; a planned assassination against Hitler near, 22; an anti-partisan sweep near, 23; a partisan success at, 24; Soviet forces enter, 25

Minsk Mazowiecki (Poland): Jews killed at, 1, 2

Mir (White Russia): Jews murdered in, 1

Mir (Sarawak): Japanese land at, 1; Australians land at, 2

Misburg (Germany): bombed, 1

Missing Research and Enquiry Service: established, 1

Mississippi (US battleship): accidental explosion on, 1; hit by a suicide pilot, 2, 3

Mito (Japan): bombed, 1, 2

Mitscher, Vice-Admiral Marc: and a ten-day naval battle, 1

Mitterand, François: flown in to Britain, from France (1943), 1

Mius, River (southern Russia): Germans withdraw behind, 1

Mlawa (Poland): murders on the road to, 1; further murders at, 2

Moa (New Zealand corvette): sunk, 1

Moabit (Berlin): Russians reach, 1

Moabit Prison (Berlin): Russians enter, 1

Model, Field Marshal Walther: replaces von Kluge, 1; commits suicide, 2

Modlin (Poland): battle at, 1

Mogaung (Burma): an advance to, 1; captured, 2

Mogilev (western Russia): a signals centre, 1; on a defence line, 2; and the establishment of partisan groups, 3; Jews murdered in, 4; resistance, and reprisals, in, 5; an anti-partisan sweep near, 6; continued partisan activity at, 7; liberated, 8

Mohacs (Hungary): Red Army enters, 1

Möhne Dam: bombed, 1

Mohnke, SS Captain (later Major-General) Wilhelm: and a massacre, 1; makes two final Knight’s Cross presentations, 2; his whereabouts reported, 3

Moircy (Ardennes): Germans driven from, 1

Mokotow (Warsaw): Polish resistance in, 1; Poles in, surrender, 2

Molders, Werner: shot down, 1; killed, 2

Moli Island (Solomons): a skirmish off, 1

Molodechno (White Russia): a partisan success at, 1

Molotov, Vyacheslav: and the partition of Poland, 1, 2; and Finland, 3; and the Tripartite Pact, 4; a military warning to, 5; and a warning from Washington, 6; replaced as Soviet Premier by Stalin, 7; signs Anglo-Soviet Alliance, 8; and no separate peace, 9; and the fate of Polish negotiators, 10

‘Molotov cocktail’: 1, 2

Moltke, Count Helmut von: opposes Nazism, 1; hanged, 2

Mona’s Isle (British pleasure steamer): rescues soldiers, 1

Monaghan (US destroyer): losses on, 1

Monastir (Yugoslavia): 1; British troops near, 2

‘Monday’: helps escapees, 1

Mondovi: (northern Italy): an anti-partisan sweept near, 1

Mondorf (Luxemburg): war criminals held in a hotel at, 1

Monemvasia (Greece): evacuation from, 1

Mongols, the: their successors, 1

Mönichkirchen (Austria): Hitler at, 1, 2, 3, 4

‘Monier’: Mitterand’s code name, 1

Monkey Point (Corregidor): an act of mass suicide on, 1

Mono Island (Solomons): battle on, 1

Monowitz (near Auschwitz): a synthetic oil and rubber factory at, 1; slave labourers at, 2, 3; photographed from the air, 4, 5; oil installations at, bombed, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10; mass evacuations from, 11; Red Army reaches, 12

Montargis (France): a parachutist reaches, 1

Montauban, Bishop of (Monsignor Théas): his protest, 1

Monte Cassino (Italy): assault on heights of, 1; monastery on, bombed, 2; battle for, 3, 4

Montebourg (Normandy): battle at, 1

Montenegro (Yugoslavia): resistance in, to be organized, 1

Monte Rotondo (Italy): Germans retake, 1

Montgomery, General Bernard L.: in Belgium, 1; at El Alamein, 2; launches his attack on Rommel, 3; occupies Tripoli, 4; defends

Médenine, 1; overruns Mareth Line, 2; occupies Sfax, 3; invades Italy, 4; in northern Europe, 5, 6, 7, 8; and the German surrender, 9; and Lübeck, 10; invests Soviet generals with British medals, 11

Montoire (France): Hitler at, 1

Montreal (Canada): 1; a saboteur from, in France, 2

‘Monty’s Moonlight’: and the crossing of the Rhine, 1

Monument of Liberation: to be built, in Linz, 1

Moon, Private Harold: his heroism, 1

Moosejaw (Canadian corvette): in action, 1

Mooyman, Gerardus: his bravery, 1

Moras, Esther Gracia: her evidence of an atrocity, 1

Moravska Ostrava: Jews deported from, 1, 2, 3

Morcourt (France): an escape at, 1

Morden, Miss: in France, 1; killed, 2

Morden Hill (London): a ‘Flying Bomb’ at, 1

More, Lieutenant Kenneth: in action, 1

Morgenstern, Jacqueline: deported, 1; murdered, 2

Morgenthau, Henry: his ‘goodwill’, 1; and the future of Germany, 2

‘Morgenthau Plan’, the: and the future of Germany, 1

Morison, Samuel Eliot: and a ‘sour note’ to victory, 1

Morobe (New Guinea): Americans reach, 1

‘Morland’: a clandestine group, in France, 1

Morocco: troops from, in action, 1, 2, 3; an Allied landing on, 4

Moron (Philippines): Japanese troops sent from, 1

Morotai Island (Moluccas): American landing on, 1

Morrison, Herbert: and the ‘Flying Bomb’, 1

Mortain (Normandy): American defence at, 1; Hitler orders attack on, 2

Moscow: Ribbentrop in, 1; a German-Soviet commercial treaty signed in, 2; a report to Tokyo from, 3; negotiations with Finland in, 4; Russo-Finnish Treaty signed in, 5, 6; German plans against, 7, 8, 9; air defences of, 10; Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Pack signed in, 11; Soviet defence preparations seen, on journey to, 12; evacuation of factories from, 13; prepares for war, 14; an Evacuation Council set up in, 15; German advance towards, 16; factory evacuations from 17; to ‘disappear’, 18, 19; German advance towards 20, 21; bombed, 22, 23, 24; and Hitler’s strategy, 25, 26, 27, 28; German assault on, 29, 30, 31; defence of, 32, 33; temperature falls to below zero at (12 November 1941), 34; continuing battle for, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42; German losses in battle for, 43; supplies to, arrive from Archangel, 44; a complaint to, from Tito, 45; a partisan medal issued in, 46; an agreement reached in, for no separate peace, 47; German prisoners-of-war in, 48; Churchill and Stalin discuss the post-war Europe in, 49; Poles and a Swede taken as prisoners to, 50; celebrations in, 51, 52; Dr Adenauer reaches agreement in, on return of German prisoners-of-war, 53

‘Moscow Highway’: partisans active along, 1

Moscow University: heroism of a graduate from, 1

Moscow Young Communist League: members of, executed, 1

Mosjöen (Norway): British troops at, 1

Mosley, Sir Oswald: imprisoned, 1

‘Mosquito’: an Enigma key, broken, 1

Moss, Captain Stanley: on Crete, 1, 2

Mostar (Yugoslavia): Jews not to be deported from, 1; and an Allied deception plan, 2; German units at, attacked, 3; a German defence line at, 4

Mouen (Normandy): prisoners-of-war killed at, 1

Moulin, Jean: parachuted into France, 1; arrested, 2; dies, 3; his remains honoured (1964), 4

Moulmein (Burma): Japanese try to escape through, 1; continued fighting near, 2

Mount Elbruz (Caucasus): German troops climb, 1, 2

Mount Suribachi (Iwo Jima): American flag raised on, 1

Mountbatten, Lord Louis: at Namsos, 1; off Holland, 2; his nephew in action, 3; off Crete, 4; and the Dieppe raid, 5; and the surrender of Japanese forces in South-East Asia, 6

Mozdok (Caucasus): Germans withdraw to, 1; Germans driven from, 2

Mozhaisk (Russia): battle near, 1; ablaze, 2; Russians recapture, 3

Mozyr (Russia): and a Soviet defence line, 1, 2; Germans driven from, 3

Mrocza (Poland): an atrocity at, 1

Mstislavl (Russia): murder of Jews in, 1

Mud: on the Eastern front, impedes the Germans, 1, 2

Mühlhausen (Germany): a counter-attack from, defeated, 1

Mukden (Manchuria): Soviet forces occupy, 1

‘Mulberry’: an artificial harbour, 1, 2

Müller, General Friedrich-Wilhelm: executed, 1

Müller, SS Lieutenant-General Heinrich: and mass murder, 1, 2; asks for volunteers, 3

Müller, Dr Joseph: the secret mission of, 1

Munich: an attempt on Hitler’s life in, 1, 2; Hitler returns to, 3, 4, 5, 6; Hitler’s rebuilding plans for, 7; bombed, 8, 9; and an anti-Semitic film, 10; Jews deported from, 11; Flak Towers to be built in, 12; Hitler learns of Allied North African landings while on his way to, 13; anti-Nazi leaflets in, 14; a second attempt on Hitler’s life in, 15; a possible stronghold south of, abandoned, 16; von Greim ordered to fly to Berlin from, 17, 18; American troops enter, 19

‘Munich’: a deception, 1

Munk, Kaj: murdered, 1

Münster (Germany): the bishop of, protests, 1; bombed, 2

Munthe-Kaas, Colonel: and the Norwegian surrender, 1

Muntok (Sumatra): fate of civilian internees at, 1

Murillo: paintings by, taken to safety, 1

Murmansk (northern Russia): German troops pass through, 1; German plan to seize, 2; British pilots reach, 3, 4; railway line to, cut, 5; a convoy to, its escort sunk, 6; further convoys to, 7, 8; Anglo-Soviet Intelligence co-operation in, 9

Muroc (southern California): a dummy atomic bomb dropped at, 1

Murphy, Audie: wounded, 1

Mürwick (northern Germany): a suicide at, 1

Musashi (Japanese battleship): sunk, 1

Muslims (of Bosnia): mutiny by, 1

Mussert, Anton: hanged, 1

Mussolini, Benito: nervous of war, 1; meets Hitler, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9; declares war on France and Britain, 10; Hitler confides in, 11; invades Greece, 12; his troops driven back into Albania, 13; setbacks to, in the Mediterranean and North Africa, 14, 15, 16; fails to persuade France, 17; and the German invasion of Russia, 18, 19; at Brest-Litovsk with Hitler, 20; at Uman with Hitler, 21; and Malta, 22; a rumour concerning, circulates in the Warsaw Ghetto, 23; flies to Cyrenaica, 24; returns to Italy, 25; ‘weakness’ of, 26; Hitler ‘rescues’, 27, 28; shot, 29

Mutanchiang (Manchuria): battle at, 1

‘Mutt’: a double agent (‘Jack’), 1, 2

Muzio Attendolo (Italian light cruiser): sunk, 1

Myers, Major J.: forces down a German jet aircraft, 1

Myitkyina (Burma): 1; a sabotage mission towards, 2; an advance to, 3; captured, 4

Myslowice (East Upper Silesia): a slave labour camp at, 1

Nachi (Japanese heavy cruiser): badly damaged, 1

Naga Hills (India): an attack on Burma from, 1

Nagasaki (Japan): an atomic bomb dropped on, 1; continuing deaths at, 2

Nagoya (Japan): bombed, 1, 2, 3

Nagumo, Admiral: has himself killed, 1

Nagykanizsa (Hungary): oil wells at, 1; captured, 2

Naha (Okinawa): Japanese defend, 1, 2

Nakagawa, Lieutenant: recalls executions of prisoners-of-war, 1, 2

Nakamura Camp (Japan): prisoners-of-war in, liberated, 1

Nakom Paton (Thailand): liberation comes to, 1

Nalchik (Caucasus): Germans driven from 1

Nalewki (Warsaw): bombed, 1; a reprisal in, 2

Namsos (Norway): landing at, 1; evacuation of, 2

Namu Island (Marshall Islands): Americans land on, 1

Namur (Belgium): ‘lost’, 1

Nancy (France): bombed, 1; a clandestine mission near, 2; German aircraft based at, short of fuel, 3, 4; deportees leave, 5

Nancy Moller (British cargo ship): sunk, 1

Nanking (China): 1

Nanning (China): Japanese enter, 1; Japanese evacuate, 2

Nantes (France): troops embarked from, 1; Germans occupy, 2; reprisals in, 3; American forces reach, 4

Naotake, Sato: and Japan’s willingness to end the war (June 1945), 1

Napalm bomb: in use against the Japanese, 1

Naples (Italy): a warship sunk at, 1; bombed, 2; an Allied objective, 3; a revolt in, 4; an Allied task force sails from, 5; American troops leave, for the Pacific, 6

Naples, Bay of (Italy): battle for Islands in, 1

Napoleon: Hitler visits tomb of, 1; his march to Moscow (1812), 2; his crossing of the Rhine (1805), 3

Napoleonic Wars: Hitler’s reference to, 1

Naro-Fominsk (near Moscow): an anti-tank ditch at, 1; Germans driven back from, 2

Narva (Estonia): 1; a German defence line at, 2

Narvik (Norway): and German iron ore, 1, 2; plans and counterplans for, 3, 4, 5; German landings at, 6; naval attack on, 7; British landings near, 8, 9; a French landing near, 10; a British landing at, 11; evacuation from, 12, 13, 14, 15; and a deception plan, 16

Nashville (US cruiser): hit by suicide pilots, 1

Natzweiler (Alsace): medical experiments at, 1; four British agents (all women) killed in, 2

Naujocks, Alfred: and a successful kidnap, 1

Naumburg-on-Saale (Germany): a deportee dies at, 1

Nauplia (Greece): evacuation from, 1

Nauru Island (Pacific): a naval skirmish near, 1; shelled, 2

Nautsi (Finland): successfully defended, 1

Navlya (Russia): Soviet partisans regroup near, 1

Navy and Marine Corps Medal: awarded (to J. F. Kennedy), 1

Nawcz (Poland): sick evacuees murdered at, 1

Nazdab (New Guinea): Allies seize, 1

Nazi—Soviet Non-Aggression Pact: 1, 2, 3

Nazism: leaflets denounce evils of, 1; its tyranny, 2; its anti-Semitic ideology, 3; an appeal for the overthrow of, 4; a critic of, executed, 5

Neave, Airey: escapes, 1

Nebe, SS General Arthur: and methods of mass murder, 1; Hitler to be kept informed by, 2

Neisse River (Western Neisse): Red Army crosses, 1; and Poland’s post-war borders, 2, 3

Nehru, Jawaharlal: alarmed, 1; and a ‘brave adventure’, 2

Nelson (US destroyer): sunk, 1

Neman River: Napoleon’s crossing of (1812), 1; battle at (1941), 2

‘Nemo’: escapes, 1

Nerissa (a troop transport): sunk, 1

Nesterenko, Lyuba: her heroism, 1

‘Nestor’: a sabotage circuit, 1

Nestor (Australian destroyer): crippled, 1

Netherlands, the: see index entry for Holland

Nettelton, John Dering: his skill rewarded, 1

Neue Züricher Zeitung (Zurich): reports ‘deep anxiety’ in Germany, 1

Neutrality Act: partly repealed (November 1939), 1; bypassed (May 1940), 2

Neva River (Leningrad): naval guns in action on, 1; German troops fail to cross, 2; a salute on, 3

Nevada (US battleship): at Pearl Harbour, 1

Nevel (Russia): 1; a Soviet offensive against, 2

Nevers (France): occupied, 1; fighting near, 2

New Britain (Pacific): an American landing on, 1; advances on, 2

New Georgia Island (Pacific): American reinforcements to, 1; Japanese tenacity on, 2

New Guinea (Pacific): struggle for, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14; resistance in, gradually overcome, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21; further landings on, 22, 23; a flank attack on, forestalled, 24; naval engagement off, 25; last battle on, 26; an island off, captured, 27; becomes independent, 28; war’s debris recovered in, 29

New Hebrides (Pacific): naval action in, 1

New Jerusalem (near Moscow): Germans reach, 1

New Mexico (US battleship): hit in a suicide attack, 1

New Orleans (US heavy cruiser): damaged, 1

New Southgate (London): a ‘Flying Bomb’ at, 1

New World: sea communications with Old World endangered, 1

New York: aid to Britain sails from, 1, 2; a German spy in, 3; a German escapee in, 4; German submarines off, 5, 6; singing and dancing in, 7; a speech in, asserting ‘we must act as a great power’, 8; American war dead brought back to, 9; a museum opened in, on the aircraft carrier Intrepid, 10

New York Times: reveals details of German rocket bomb attacks, 1; describes arrival of ‘Reich technicians’ in Boston, 2

New Zealand: troops from, in Greece, 1, 2; troops from, on Crete, 3, 4, 5; troops from, in North Africa, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12; declares war on Finland, Hungary and Roumania, 13; a pilot from, wins the Victoria Cross, 14; troops from, in the Far East, 15; troops from, in Italy, 16, 17, 18; war dead of, 19

Newlands (Kent, England): a ‘Flying Bomb’ shot down over, 1

Newman, Captain Isadore: his exploits, and his death, 1

Newport (Wales): a bomber crashes on, 1

Neumann, Peter: witnesses an atrocity, 1

Neu Dachs (East Upper Silesia): a labour camp at, 1

Neuengamme (near Hamburg): medical experiments at, 1, 2; an execution near, 3; an SS officer from, brought to trial, 4

Neukermans, Pierre Richard: executed, 1

Neukölln (Berlin): Russians reach, 1

Neumunster (Germany): a suicide in, 1

Newfoundland: 1, 2; German submarine attack off, 3

Newsweek (New York): and a Japanese army sergeant on Guam (1972), 1

Nezhin (Ukraine): battle near, 1; Soviet forces enter, 2

Niblack (US destroyer): drops depth charges, 1

Nice (France): a Resistance group in, 1

Nichiporovich, Colonel: forms a partisan unit, 1

Nicholas II, Tsar of all the Russias: 1

Nicholson, Brigadier C. N.: at Calais, 1

Nickhoff, General: surrenders, 1

Nicolson, Flight Lieutenant James: his bravery rewarded, 1; killed on a bombing mission, 2

Nicosia (Cyprus): German prisoners-of-war at work near, 1

Niederkrüchten (Germany): an SS General returns home to, 1

Niedzialkowski, Mieczyslaw: killed, 1

Niedzinski (a Polish miller): his punishment, 1

Niehoff, Rolf: captured, 1

Niemöller, Pastor Martin: liberated, 1

Nieswiez (eastern Poland): the fate of a prisoner-of-war in, 1; Jews escape from, 2

Nierstein (Rhine): a bridgehead at, 1

Nieuport (Belgium): attack on, 1

Niger (British minesweeper): sunk, 1

‘Night and Fog’ decree: 1

Nijmegen (Holland): a parachute landing at, 1; German Jets in action over, 2; a plan to advance from, 3

Nikitin, General: killed in action, 1

Nikitin, Ivan: a partisan, in action, 1

Nikolaiev, Alexander: in action at Prokhorovka, 1

Nikolayev (southern Russia): Russians evacuate, 1; Jews and Russians murdered in, 2, 3

Nile Delta (Egypt): a German submarine sunk off, 1

Nimi, Vice-Admiral Masaichi: no surrender to, 1

Nimitz, Admiral Chester: orders a news blackout, 1

Nis (Yugoslavia): 1

Nishinomiya-Mikage (Japan): bombed, 1

Nishizawa, Hiroyoshi: dies, 1

Nissenthal, Jack: at Dieppe, 1

Nitsche, Professor: and the gassing of concentration camp inmates, 1; and euthanasia, 2

Nizami (a poet): his 800th anniversary, 1

Nobel Prize, the: 1, 2

Noé (France): Jews at, 1

Noguès, General A. P.: accepts armistice, 1

Nong Pladuk (Thailand): Allied prisoners-of-war accidentally killed at, by Allied bombs, 1

Noor Inayat Khan: her Resistance activities, 1; shot, 2; her posthumous awards, 3; her interrogator hanged, 4

Norcia (Italy): sabotage at, 1

Nordhausen (Germany): underground rocket factory built at, 1, 2; mass evacuations to, 3; rockets despatched to America from, 4; scientists spirited away from, 5

Norfolk (England): and a deception plan, 1

Norfolk (British heavy cruiser): attacked, 1

Norland regiment (SS): established, 1

Normandy (France): and a deception plan, 1; and Hitler’s view of Allied strategy, 2; landings on, postponed, 3; and the D-Day deceptions, 4; and the first glider landings in, 5; battle in, 6; the continued deception in, 7, 8, 9, 10; Allied reinforcements for, 11, 12, 13; Hitler refuses German reinforcements for, 14; last phase of battle in, 15, 16, 17; continued use of beachhead at, 18

Normandy Squadron: in action on the Eastern Front, 1, 2

North America: Hitler denies designs on, 1

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO): established, 1

North Cape (Norway): 1

North Carolina (US battleship): badly damaged, 1

North Caucasus (Soviet Union): Soviet reinforcement from, 1; German plans for, 2

North Sea: a British air raid across, 1

Northampton (US heavy cruiser): sunk, 1

Northern Prince (British merchant ship): sunk, 1

Norway: and German iron ore, 1; a protest from, 2; German plans for, 3, 4; Anglo-French plans for, 5; invaded, 6; unable to fight on, 7; last Allied resistance in, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12; future of, 13; Allied troops on their way to France from, 14; fighting ends in, 15, 16; ‘strangers’ in, 17; soldiers of, in Britain, 18; an act of defiance in, 19; a resistance group in, 20; demonstrations in, 21; German troops advance from, 22; Jews deported from, 23, 24; commandos from, land on Spitzbergen, 25; mass arrests in, and executions, 26; granite from, Hitler’s plans for, 27; and ‘Fortress Europe’, 28; Prinz Eugen torpedoed off, 29; Lutheran clergy in, protest, 30; and heavy-water, 31, 32; resistance and reprisals in, 33; sabotage missions to, 34, 35, 36; warships from, pounce ‘like terriers’ 37; further executions in, 38; German bombers move from, 39, 40; and ‘Aryan-Nordic’ stud farms, 41; forced labour from, 42; and the fate of the Tirpitz, 43; resistance, and reprisals in, 44; and German heavy water, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49; and an Allied deception plan, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55; and Hitler’s view of Allied strategy, 56; German troops in, being moved to the Silesian Front, 57, 58; Hitler determined to hold, 59; former Army Commander-in-Chief of, liberated, 60

‘Norwegian Front’: creation of, as a focus of resistance, 1

Norwich (England): bombed, 1

Nothomb, Baron Jean-François de (‘Franco’): arrested, 1

Novaya Ladoga (Lake Ladoga): trucks abandoned near, 1

Novgorod (Russia): a Soviet counter-offensive launched near, 1

Novgorod-Volynsk (western Russia): on the eve of war, 1; a defence line at, 2

Novi Sad (Yugoslavia): Hungarians enter, 1: Jews and Serbs murdered at, 2

Novorossiisk (southern Russia): a German objective, 1; Soviet partisans near, 2, 3; a Soviet landing near, 4; Soviet forces enter, 5

Nowotny, Walther: killed, 1

Noworol, Waclaw: sentenced to death, 1

Nowy Sacz (southern Poland): a death sentence in, 1

Nuclear fission: German plans for (1939), 1: American plans for (1939), 2; see also index entry for Atomic Bomb

Nucourt (France): bombed, 1, 2

Numfoor Island (New Guinea): Americans capture, 1

Nuremberg (Bavaria): Hitler’s rebuilding plans for, 1, 2, 3; Flak Towers to be built in, 4; bombed, 5, 6, 7, 8; anti-Nazi leaflets distributed in, 9; Jews deported to Auschwitz from, 10; American forces reach outskirts of, 11; American forces occupy, 12; suicides in, 13, 14; war crimes trials held in, 15, 16, 17

Nuremberg Laws (of 1935): introduced in Luxemburg, 1; one of their authors, and the ‘Final Solution’, 2

‘Nuts!’: in answer to a call to surrender, 1

Nyiszli, Dr Miklos: an eye-witness, 1; liberated, 2