INDEX
Note: Page numbers in italic type indicate illustrations.
Aaliyah, 12
Abraham and Straus, 373
Abrams, Charles, 378
Absolut Vodka, 299
Abyssinian (airplane), 289
Adams, Charles Francis, 64–65
Adams, John, 82
Addams, Jane, 253
Adelphi College, 361
Aerial Globe, 172–74, 176. See also Globe Tower
aerial taxi service, 282–83
Aero Club of America, 152
Aetna Brick Company, 208
African Americans: attitudes toward, 235–36, 373–74, 432–33, 448–56; as aviators, 288–89, 288, 290; and the Baptist Church, 107; in Brownsville and East New York, 413–20; and Coney Island, 447–56, 449, 455; education of, 414–20; enslaved, 28, 30–32, 33, 34–38, 216; formerly enslaved, 35–36, 473n21; and horse racing, 107, 114–17; housing for, 302, 358, 373–75; influx of, 430; as jockeys, 115–17; social problems facing, 430–33; as speedway construction workers, 156; unemployment among, 431. See also segregation
Agnew, George Bliss, 121
Agnew-Hart Law (1908), 121–22
Agnew-Perkins Act (1910), 123
airports, 144, 145, 147, 264–86, 289–95, 326–28
air rights, 266, 409, 410, 424
air shows, competitions, and exploits, 147–52, 155, 159–60, 270–72, 278–80, 279, 286–95
AKRF Associates, 73
Albanese, Frank, 167
Albany, 25
Albany Avenue, 321
Alfred E. Norton Company, 181
Algiers, Algeria, 423
Algonquin Indians, 43
Allen, James E., Jr., 414–16
Allen, Woody, 12
All Long Island Planning Movement, 97, 99
Allport, Gordon W., 433
Almirall, Raymond F., 233
Alphand, Jean-Charles Adolphe, 95
Alvord, Dean, 5
Alward Lake Resort, Lansing, Michigan, 451
Ambrose Channel, 195
America First Committee, 294
American-African Colonization Association of New York, 302
American Airlines, 281
American Automobile Association, 154
American Institute of Architects, 233
American Jockey Club, 111
American Legion, 376
American Museum of Natural History, 6
American Public Health Association, 335
American Red Cross headquarters, 355
American Revolution, 58–74
American Safety Razor, 332, 334–35
American Society for the Suppression of the Jews, 109
American Society of Landscape Architects, 248
American South, 3, 30–32, 38, 114, 220–21, 305, 414–15, 430
American Youth for Democracy, 374
Ammann, Othmar, 258
Amsterdam News (newspaper), 433, 447, 449, 450, 452
amusement parks, 170–93, 447–57
anarchism, 301
Andersen, Gil, 157
Anderson, Samuel, 36
Andrea Doria (ship), 194
Andrew Cone General Advertising Company, 310
Andrews and Clark, 393
Andros, Edmund, 209
Anglo-Dutch War, 56
Anglo-Saxon charter culture, 305–6
Anheuser-Busch, 333
animal carcasses, processing of, 124–27, 131, 133–36, 139–40
Annese, Domenico, 393
Anti–Barren Island League, 139
anticommunist sentiment, 272–73, 301, 374
Anti-Coolie League of California, 163
anti-German sentiment, 160, 162–63
antimiscegenation laws, 236, 451
Antinomianism, 41
Anti–Pool Room Law (1877), 117
archaeology, 20, 37–38, 68–69, 73–74
Archigram, 410
The Architects Collaborative (TAC), 420
Architectural League, 348
architectural styles, 171, 272, 297, 299, 304–9
Ardsley School of Modern Art, 398
Armour, J. Ogden, 149–50
Arnold Process, 137–38
Aronofsky, Darren, 12
Asahi Shimbum (newspaper), 286
Ascot Heath, 108
Ashe, R. Porter, 124
Asian Exclusion Act (1924), 306
Astor, Brooke, 496n14
Astor Challenge Cup, 157
Astor Cup, 159
Atlanta, Georgia, 451
Atlanta Compromise, 220
Atlantic Avenue, 405, 414, 441, 443, 445, 459
Atlantic Dock Company, 87
Atlantis Under the Sea (ride), 179
Atlee, Samuel, 61
Atwood, Harry, 152
Atwood, Martha, 339
Auden, W. H., 366
Austin, Daniel Berry, 20; display of skeletal remains, 21; “Ryder’s Pond and Old Cedar,” 19
Automobile (magazine), 153
automobile racing, 153–60
automobiles, private, 319–21, 400
Avebury stone circle, 39–40, 41
Avenger torpedo bomber, 327
Avenue D, 308
Avenue M, 307
Avenue N, 307
Avenue P, 239
Avenue R, 308–9
Avenue Y, 318
Avenue Z, 318
Babbage, Charles, 127
Bachmann, John, Bird’s Eye View of Greenwood Cemetery, 78
Backhouse farm, 311
Bacon’s Castle, Virginia, 305
Baes Jurians Hooke, 21
Baffin Island, 5
Bailey, James A., 131
Bailey, Vernon Howe, 195
Baisley Pond, 207
Bakal, Fannie Weinstein, 375
Balchen, Bernt, 275–76
Baldwin, Elias “Lucky,” 124
Balfour, Lord, 233
Ballard, William F. R., 406
Baltard, Victor, Halles de Paris, 191
Baltimore, Lord, 44
Balzac, Honoré de, 75
Bam Boula, 448
Bang, Charles, 246
Baptist Church, 107
Barnes, Frank, 68
Barnes, Henry A., 408
Barnes, Shelby “Pike,” 116
Barnum, P. T., 131
Barren Island, 25, 124–46, 126, 135, 140, 142, 146, 195, 242, 264, 268, 270, 272, 276
Barren Island Menhaden Company, 133
Barrett, John, 203
Bassett, Edward Murray, 12, 222, 338, 341, 346
Batchelder, Amos G., 154, 479n11
Battle Hill, 76
Battle of Brooklyn, 58–74, 87, 94
Battle of White Plains, 71
Baxter, George, 39, 44, 55, 56
Bay Ridge, 4, 87, 96, 101, 307, 311, 462
Bay Ridge Branch, Long Island Rail Road, 408
Bay Ridge Parkway, 100–101, 102–3
Beard, William, 199
Bedford, 61
Bedford-Stuyvesant, 431, 432, 433, 460, 463
Beecher, Henry Ward, 35, 84, 216–19, 339, 450
Beecher, Lyman, 218
beer, 332–33
Beers, F. W., Atlas of Long Island, New York, 244
Bel Geddes, Norman, 438–40, 439
Bell, Daniel, 200
Bell, E. Y., 181
Bell, Mifflin E., Brooklyn General Post Office, 344, 354
Belleville, New Jersey, quarries, 297
Bellmore Creek, 35
Belmont, August, Jr., 112, 121, 153
Belt Parkway, 100, 194, 229, 258, 314, 383–85, 408, 409, 484n1
Benatar, Pat, 12
Bennett, Edward H., 227, 232, 239, 341–42; Proposed Sites for Courthouse and Municipal Building, 342
Bennett, Gertrude Ryder, 52
Bennett, Richard, 234
Bennett, Thomas, 317
Bennington (aircraft carrier), 329
Bensonhurst, 229
Bentham, Jeremy, 399
Bergen, Fenwick, 136
Berle, Adolf A., 122
Berle, Adolf A., Jr., 346
Berman, Marshall, 381
Bernstein, Samuel, 307
Bertaud, Lloyd W., 271
Bethlehem Steel, 341
Beverley Road, 318
Beverwijck, 25
B.F.W. Realty Company, 301
Bianco, Jerry, 194
“Big Apple,” 114
Bigelow, Jacob, 75
Billboard (magazine), 192, 447
Biloxi, Mississippi, 450
Bingham, Theodore A., 122
Black, Frank S., 139
Blair, Gwenda, 320
Blanke’s Faust Blend Coffee, 173, 173
Blauvelt Engineering, 408
blight, 335
Block, Adrian, 22
Bloom, Sol, 243, 245–47, 246, 304, 306
Bloom, Vera, 246
Blum, Edward C., 348
BMT Fourth Avenue subway, 311
Board of Commissioners, 75–76, 80–81
Board of Commissioners of Central Park, 95
Board of Commissioners of Prospect Park, 88
Board of Education, 246, 313, 415–17, 427
Board of Estimate, 202, 241–42, 248, 266, 268, 270, 282, 302, 339, 346, 425
Board of Rapid Transit Commissioners, 222
Bode, Albert, 188
Bode Wagon Works, 188
Bois de Boulogne, Paris, 95, 95
Bonavita, Jack, 188
Bone Gang, 134
Boorum and Pease factory, 364
bootleggers, 313, 360–61, 365. See also moonshine
Borden, Albert, 172
Borgeson, Melvin B., 381
Borglum, Gutzon, Henry Ward Beecher monument, 217, 217
Borland, William, 317
Borough Hall, 221, 222, 317, 335, 339, 341–43, 353–55
Borough Park, 311
Bossert, Louis H., 307
Boston, Massachusetts, 403
Boston 1915 movement, 225, 226
Boullée, Étienne-Louis, cenotaph for Isaac Newton, 174
Bowery and Kensington Walk, 316
Bowlby, Henry Lee, 381
Bowles, Paul and Jane, 366
Boyle, J. A., 318
Boyton, Paul, 170–71
BQE. See Brooklyn-Queens Expressway
Bracale, Adolfo, 164
Brady brothers, 134
Bragg Street, 491n26
Brandeis, Louis, 226
Brando, Marlon, 200
Brearley, Harry Chase, 195, 197
Breezy Point, 210
Brennan & Carr restaurant, 167
breweries, 332–33
Bridgehampton, Long Island, 86
Bridge Plaza, 222
Brieux, Eugène, Les Avariés, 234
Brighton Beach Fair Grounds, 109–13, 122
Brighton Beach Hotel, 108, 108, 110, 111, 123, 123, 170
Brighton Beach Racing Association, 110
Brighton Beach subway, 304
Brill, Jeanette Goodman, 323
Brill Engineering Corporation, 408–9, 418
British Printer (magazine), 174
Britten, Benjamin, 366
Broadway, 405
Broadway Junction, 4
Brockett, John, 48
Bronx, 11
Bronx River Parkway, 380
Bronx Zoo, 6
Brooklyn, Bath and Coney Island Railroad, 168
Brooklyn, Flatbush and Coney Island Railway Company, 242
Brooklyn Allied Boards of Trade and Taxpayers’ Associations, 197
Brooklyn Army Terminal, 265, 326, 408
Brooklyn Avenue, 318
Brooklyn Basin, 199
Brooklyn-Battery Bridge, 261, 390
Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel, 221, 261, 395
Brooklyn Beautiful movement, 231, 239, 336, 338
Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 90, 196
Brooklyn Bridge, 3, 8, 104, 221, 222, 231, 297, 336, 338–39, 338, 342–43, 356, 363, 398, 399
Brooklyn Bridge Park, 201, 392
Brooklyn Bureau of Buildings, 188, 189, 190
Brooklyn Bureau of Highways, 189
Brooklyn Chamber of Commerce, 270
Brooklyn Chinese Christian Church, 106
Brooklyn City Plan, 239, 240, 342
Brooklyn Civic Center, 343–57, 353, 354, 381, 442
Brooklyn College, 304, 306, 418, 464
Brooklyn Committee on City Plan, 97, 241, 336
Brooklyn Consolidation League, 8
Brooklyn Council of the National Negro Congress, 452
Brooklyn Daily Eagle (newspaper). See Brooklyn Eagle
Brooklyn Dodgers, 10, 12, 13, 330, 334, 429, 436–46
Brooklyn Eagle (newspaper), 6, 7, 8, 13, 26, 67, 71, 94, 96, 97, 99, 100–101, 109, 112, 120, 124, 129, 134, 138, 139, 143, 153, 155, 163, 163, 181, 184, 186, 189–91, 193, 215, 216, 221, 222, 230, 230, 232, 236, 239, 240, 242, 245, 247, 248, 254, 270, 298, 301, 302, 303, 309, 310, 311, 316, 317, 319, 319, 323, 333–34, 340, 342, 343, 346, 347, 357, 357, 361, 365, 367, 370, 372–74, 373, 376, 389, 398, 429, 440
Brooklyn General Post Office, 344, 354
Brooklyn Heights, 4, 75, 199, 225, 296, 342, 389–91, 395, 398, 458–59
Brooklyn Heights Association, 225, 390, 391
Brooklyn Heights Press (newspaper), 389, 389
Brooklyn Heights Promenade, 229, 230, 391, 393–95, 393, 394, 396, 397
Brooklyn Improvement Company, 199
Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences, 222
Brooklyn Jockey Club, 109
Brooklyn League, 225
Brooklyn Municipal Building, 354
Brooklyn Park Commission, 103
Brooklyn Police Department, 103
Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, 334–35
Brooklyn Public Library, 90, 233
Brooklyn-Queens Connecting Highway. See Brooklyn-Queens Expressway
Brooklyn-Queens Expressway (BQE), 11, 225, 229, 336, 364, 380, 385, 387–402, 388, 393, 394, 396, 401, 406, 409
Brooklyn Sports Center Authority, 442
Brooklyn Standard Union (newspaper), 195, 202, 206
Brooklyn Supreme Court, 26, 136, 183, 355, 355
Brooklyn Tenants Protective Union, 301
Brooklyn Terminal Market, 407, 407
Brooklyn Terminal of Brooklyn Bridge, 338, 341, 345
Brooklyn Tuberculosis Committee, 243
Brooklyn War Memorial, 347–48, 348–52, 352–53, 492n26
Brooks, Mel, 12
Brown, Fanny, 115
Brown, Lancelot “Capability,” 74
Brown, Lawson H., 246
Browne, James J., 247–48, 250, 252, 255
Browne, Matilda, 20
Brownstone Exploration and Discovery Park, 298, 299
brownstoners, 459–60
brownstone townhouses, 199, 297–99, 430
Brownsville, 4, 301–2, 322, 412–20, 425, 436, 462
Brownsville Landlords’ Protective Association, 302
Brown v. Board of Education, 414–15
Bruckner Expressway, 401
The Brush, 35–36
builders, 307–24
Bunche, Ralph, 454
Bunshaft, Gordon, 417
Burdette, William J., 189
Bureau of Buildings, 304
Bureau of Public Roads, 424–25
Burgevin, Julius V., 247, 485n11
Burmese Masoeyein Sāsanajotika Buddhist Temple, 106–7
Burnham, Daniel H., 97, 99, 227–28, 231–32, 239, 243, 299, 336, 341; Plan of Chicago, 228, 228
Burnham, David, 434
Bush, Irving T., 200
Bushwick Avenue, 405
Bushwick Expressway, 405–6, 406, 408, 424
busing, 415
Butler, Nicholas Murray, 246
Buzzio, Frank, 243
Byrd, Richard E., 264, 274–76, 488n11
Caccavajo, Joseph, 197–98
Cadman, S. Parkes, 339
Cadman Plaza, 339–40, 343, 347–48, 349, 350, 352, 353–54
Calder, Katherine Harloe, 319
Calder, William M., 12, 241, 257, 316–19, 318, 490n22, 491n26
Calhoun, John C., 109
Callas, Maria, 75
Calvert Vaux Park, 194
Calvinism, 218
Campanella, Roy, 330, 439, 446
Campanella, Thomas J., 215
Canal Avenue, Coney Island, 206
Canarsee Indians, 16, 20, 22, 25, 26, 124–25
Candela, Rosario, 369
Candler Park, Atlanta, Georgia, 451
Capone, Al, 12
Cappa, Carlo, 108
Captain French’s Wild West Rough Riders, 188
Carditz, Antonio, 138
Carmody, John M., 260
Carnadella, Louis, 307
Carnegie, Andrew, 220
Carroll, Jack, 418
Carroll, John T., 408–9
Carsledge, Louise B., 180
Carson, Rachel, 459
Caruso, Enrico, 164
Cashmore, John, 334, 346, 348, 367–68, 389, 390, 395, 442, 444
Cassatt, Alexander, 112
Castellión, Sébastien, 48
Castiglioni, Luigi, 83
Cavalcade of Variety, 452
Cavallo, Dominick, 253
Cave of the Winds (ride), 186
Ceci, Lynn, 25
cemetery design, 74–75
Cemetery of the Evergreens, 96, 99
Centennial Exposition (Philadelphia, 1876), 169
Central Library, 233
Central Park, Manhattan, 74, 80–82, 87, 91, 94, 96, 137, 253
Central Park Commission, 81, 87
Central Park Menagerie, 165
Central Railroad of New Jersey, 192
Centre Street Loop Subway, 222
Century of Progress Exposition (Chicago, 1933), 246
Chain of Rocks park, St. Louis, 450
Chambellan, Rene Paul, Seal of New Nether-lands, 26
Chamberlin, Clarence D., 245, 270–72, 270, 283, 288–89, 291
Chamberlin, Jessie A., 273
Chambless, Edgar, 421–23; Roadtown, 422, 422
Chance-Vought F4U Corsair, 327
Chandler, E. Gordon, 492n26
Chandler, William “Billy,” 158
Chanin, Irwin S., 309
chapter 949, Acts of 1920, 302–3
Charleston Exposition (1901), 343, 346
Chelsea Piers, Manhattan, 202
Chicago, Illinois, 226–28, 228
Chicago Defender (newspaper), 447
Chicago Tribune (newspaper), 292
Childe, Cromwell, 336
Chiljean, Victor, plan for Brooklyn Supreme Court plaza, 355, 356
Chinese Americans, 364
Chinese Association, 364
Chisholm, Shirley, 12
Chopin, Frédéric, 75
Churchill, Winston, 12, 112, 233
Church of the Social Revolution, 273
Chute-the-Chutes (ride), 170
Citizens’ Anti–Race Track Gambling League, 121
Citizens’ Committee, 231–32
City Beautiful movement, 226, 227, 231–33, 338, 354
City Club, 343
City of New York (ship), 276
City of Olympia, 362
city planning. See town planning; urbanism and urban planning
City Planning Commission. See New York City Planning Commission
City Point, 461
La Ciudad Lineal (journal), 421
Civil Aeronautics Authority, 328
Civil Rights Act (1964), 451
Civil War, 36, 89, 136, 164, 332
Civil Works Administration, 256
Clarendon Avenue, 322
Clark, Ernest J., 389
Clarke, George, 278–79
Clarke, Gilmore D., 248, 257–59, 348–49, 351–53, 381, 383, 393, 395, 442–45, 492n26; plan for Brooklyn Civic Center, 353; site for new Dodger ball field, 443–45, 443
Clark Street IRT stop, 225, 483n15
Clearview Expressway, 401
Cleverdon & Putzel, 180
The Close of a Career in New York, 130
Coast and Lake Company, 164
Cobbett, Thomas, 42
cocaine, 365
Cody, Buffalo Bill, 110
Collier’s (magazine), 439
Colonial Sand and Stone, 308, 310
Colonial Williamsburg, 304
Colored Elks of the World, 449
Columbia Heights, 226, 229, 348, 390–91, 393, 398
Columbia University, 409–10
Columbus, Christopher, 174, 292
Columbus Day, 308
Combs, Clarence C., 259
Commercial Club of Chicago, 227
Committee of Ten, 341
Committee on Airport Development, 286
Committee on General Welfare, 302
Committee on Rent Profiteering, 301–2
Committee on the Limitation on the Height and Bulk of Buildings, 346
communism. See anticommunist sentiment
Communist Party, 374
Community Research and Development, 417
compact fluorescent (CFL) lamps, 462, 465
Comstock, Anthony, 120
Concord Baptist Church, 115
Conduit Boulevard, 405
Coney Island, 6, 42–43, 96, 101–2, 109–10, 168–93, 169, 206, 206, 208, 254, 265, 316, 323, 330, 331, 429, 447–57
Coney Island Board Walk Association, 316
Coney Island Canal, 197, 204, 205, 206, 208, 210
Coney Island Creek, 110, 168, 194–95, 195
Coney Island Hippodrome Circus, 186, 188
Coney Island House, 168
Coney Island Jockey Club, 109, 112–13, 120, 122–24, 153
Congestion of Population exhibit, 222
Congress of Racial Equality, 451
consolidation, municipal, 6, 7, 8
Constable, Stuart, 492n26
containerized shipping, 212, 331
Continental Ironworks, 332
Conyngton, Mary, 302
Coolidge, Calvin, 245
Cooper, Peter, 80
Cooper Union, 411
Copeland, Royal S., 317
Copland, Aaron, 12
Corbin, Austin, 109, 110, 135–36
Corby, Jane, 374
cord-marked pottery shard, 27
Cormier, Frances, 259
Cornell, Lefferts R., 127
Cornell Creek, 207
Cornwallis, Lord, 59–61
Corps of Engineers, 262
Corrigan, Daniel, 451
Corrigan, Douglas “Wrong Way,” 286, 294–95
Cortelyou Road, 318
Council of Twelve Men, 43
Court of the Star Chamber, 40
Cowenhoven, Nicholas, 66
Coyle Street, 491n26
Crane, Caroline Bartlett, 235
Crane, David A., 411
crime, 365, 375–77, 413–14, 414, 430–31, 433–34, 456
Crispus Attucks Community Council, 449
Croker, Richard, 219
Cronau, Rudolph, View from Greenwood Cemetery, Brooklyn, 76
Cropsey Avenue, 229
Cross, Whitney, 85
Cross Bronx Expressway, 11, 380, 401, 405
Cross-Brooklyn Expressway, 406–9, 409, 410, 414, 417–18, 419, 420, 424–28
Cross Island Parkway, 383
Crown Heights, 4, 311, 319, 460, 462, 463
Cruise, Philip J., 377
Crystal Palace, 191
Currier and Ives, 116; The futurity race at Sheepshead Bay, 118–19
Curtiss, Glenn H., 147–48
Curtiss NC flying boats, 264–65
Curtiss O2C-1 Helldivers, 280
Custer, George Armstrong, 20
Dahl Court, 307
Dahl Development Corporation, 307
Damaged Goods (film), 234
Damaged Goods (play), 234
dance halls, segregation of, 452
Danckaerts, Jasper, 14, 19, 27, 262
Darwin, Leonard, 233
Davenport, Charles B., 235, 484n34
Davenport, Henry J., 340
Davenport, John, 45, 48, 50–51
Davidson, Joan K., 411
Davis, George, 366
Davis, Wyatt, 272
Day, Joseph P., 166–67
Daylight Saving Time, 317, 318
de Blois, Natalie, 417
Deep Sea Techniques, 194
de Heister, Philip, 59–61
De Jong, Gerald, 34
de Kooning, Willem, 461
DeKrafft, Stewart Ives, 149–51
Democratic National Convention (1924), 305
Dempsey, Jack, 289
Denton, Daniel, 19–20, 27, 209
Denyse’s Ferry, 58
DePalma, Ralph, 157
Department of Health, 143
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 427
Department of Housing and Urban Development, 427
Department of Sanitation, 257
Department of Sanitation Band, 411
Department of Street-Cleaning, 136–37, 199
Department of Street-Cleaning Band, 214
Department of Transportation, 426–27
Depression. See Great Depression
Design-In, Central Park, Manhattan (1967), 411
Detroit Journal (newspaper), 111
development, of Brooklyn, 5, 8, 13, 16, 221–33, 296–325. See also urbanism and urban planning
Devery, William “Big Bill,” 120
Devillos automobile act, 188
de Vries, David, 43
Dewey, Melvil, 235
Dewey, Orville, 83
Dickinson, John Tilghman, 246
Diggs, Sally Maria “Pinky.” See Hunt, Rose Ward
Dillon, Mary E., 348
Divis, Catherine Lott, 37
Dixon, George O., 115
Dock Department, 201–2, 268, 271
Dodgers Yearbook, 12
Dongan Patent, 27
Dooley, Nicholas, 125
Doolittle, Jimmy, 286
Dorje Ling Buddhist Center, 107
Dorman, Frank, 372
Dos Passos, John, 399
Doty, Alvah H., 140
Doughty, George W., 139–40
Douglas, David B., 76–77
Dowling, E. J., 278
Dowling Elevated Loop Bill, 222
Downing, Andrew Jackson, 77–78, 81–83, 86, 99, 248
Downtown Brooklyn Association, 340
Dreiser, Theodore, An American Tragedy, 121
drugs, 365
Dual Contracts, 338
Dubois, Anson, 125
Dumbo (Down Under the Manhattan Bridge Overpass), 221, 334, 459
Dunch, Walter, 39
Dundy, Elmer “Skip,” 171
Dunmore, Lord, 71
Duquesne spy ring, 327
Dutch Reformed Church, 34, 36, 52, 59
Dutch West India Company, 5, 22, 25, 30, 42, 44, 55
Dwight, Timothy, 18, 28, 80, 469n28
Dyer, Mary, 52
Dyker Beach Park and Golf Course, 87
Earth and Air Carnival, 159–60, 162
Eastern Park, 436
Eastern Parkway, 96–100, 97, 98, 99, 231
East Fifty-Second Street, 307
East Flatbush, 321, 322, 408, 417–18, 463
East Forty-Eighth Street, 307–8
East Forty-Fifth Street, 307
East Hampton, Long Island, 86
East New York, 4, 408, 412–20, 414, 425, 462
East New York Avenue, 322
East Nineteenth Street, 318
East 105th Street subway station, 407
East River, 3, 4, 6, 8, 25, 296–97
East River Bridge Company, 361
East Thirty-Fifth Street, 318
East Thirty-Fourth Street, 318
East Thirty-Ninth Street, 322
East Thirty-Sixth Street, 308
East Thirty-Third Street, 308–9, 309, 321, 325
East Tremont, 11
East Twenty-First Street, 307
East Twenty-Ninth Street, 318
Ebbets Field, 13, 113, 429, 436–41, 438, 445–46, 446
Eclipse racetrack, Queens, 108
École des Beaux-Arts, Paris, 109, 154, 171, 222, 232, 299, 342
Edison lightbulbs, 462–65
education, 143–45, 146, 414–20, 425
Educational Facilities Laboratories, 416
E. Frank Coe Company, 133
Eggers, Otto: American Red Cross headquarters, 355, 356; Brooklyn War Memorial, 352, 353
Eiffel, Gustave, 174
Eighteenth Amendment, 117
Eighth Avenue Armory, 164
Eighty-Sixth Street, 408
Eisenhower Interstate Highway program, 401–2
Elderwear, 23
Eleventh Ward, 358
Eliot, Charles W., 235, 253, 484n34
Ellenstein, Meyer C., 285
Elliott, Donald H., 411–12, 424
Elm Tree Association, 83
elm trees, 80, 83–86, 84, 85, 98, 105, 137
Elmwood Farm, Conway, New Hampshire, 84
Ely, Eugene B., 147–48
Embarcadero Freeway, 403
Embury, Aymar, II, 28, 353, 492n26
Embury, Aymar, III, 351, 469n27
Emergency Operations Center of the New York City Office of Emergency Management, 356
Emergency Work Bureau, 255, 422
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 80, 216–17
Empire Bond and Securities, 183
Empire State Building, 280, 280
Endale Arch, Prospect Park, 91
Endocardium Company, 307
Energy Independence and Security Act (2007), 462
Engeman, William A., 109–12
Engeman, William A., Jr., 122
Engeman family, 115
Engineering News (magazine), 138
English landscape aesthetic, 74–78
Equendito, 25
Erickson, Frank A., 328
Ericson, Leif, 101
Erie Canal, 83, 197, 199, 203–4, 209, 210
Erskine, Carl, 330
Este, Ippolito II d,’ 394
Ethiopia I (airplane), 289
Evenson, Norma, 370
E. V. Haughwout Building, Manhattan, 404
E. W. Bliss Company, 332
Exposición Histórico-Americana (Madrid, 1892), 174
Exposition Universelle (Paris, 1889), 192
expressways. See highways
Fact-Finding Committee on Suitable Airport Facilities for the New York Metropolitan District, 266
Faden, William, A plan of New York Island, part of Long Island, Staten Island & east New Jersey, 62
Fahey, John H., 226
Fairbanks house, Massachusetts, 305
Fairchild Aerial Survey Company, 15, 16
Farragut Houses, 336, 359, 399, 399
Farrington, Robert M., 479n11
fascism, 291–94
Fashion racetrack, Queens, 108
February House, 11, 366, 397, 398, 458
Federal-Aid Highway Act (1956), 401
Federal Art Project, 272–73
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 294
Federal Housing Administration (FHA), 321–22, 435
Federal Writers’ Project, 358, 366
Fellheimer, Alfred T., 399
Felman, Jacob B., 302
Feltman, Charles, 169
Ferguson, Missouri, 450
ferries, 94, 111, 142, 199, 216, 296
Ferris, George, 170
fertilizer, 127, 129, 131–33, 138
Fiat Lingotto, 155
Fickel, Jacob E., 148
Field, Hamilton Easter, 398
Field, Thomas Warren, 66–67, 69, 71
Fifteenth Amendment, 220
Fifth Ward, 134, 224, 358–61, 359, 360, 362, 370, 399, 459
Filene, Edward A., 226
Filipino Americans, 364
Fillmore Avenue, 309, 321, 322
Filloramo Brothers, 307
Fine Arts Commission, Washington, DC, 231
First Air Division, US Army Air Corps, 278
First Baptist Church of Sheepshead Bay, 106–7, 107, 115
First International Eugenics Congress, 233
First Maryland Regiment, 61–74, 68
First National Conference on City Planning, 222
First National Conference on Race Betterment, 235–36, 236, 484n34
Fischer, David Hackett, 58
Fisher, Irving, 235
fish processing plants, 131–33, 137
Fitzgerald, Ella, 10
Fitzgerald, F. Scott, The Great Gatsby, 3, 207, 247
Fitzgerald, John “Honey Fitz,” 233
FitzGerald, John J., 114
Flamm, Michael W., 433
Flanagan, Thomas P., 304
Flatbush, 3, 28, 32, 59–62, 270, 317, 323, 433, 436
Flatbush Avenue, 15, 88, 90, 144, 145, 242, 258, 268, 282, 303, 336, 441, 443, 462–64
Flatbush Chamber of Commerce, 265
Flatbush Dutch Reformed Church, 36
Flatbush Relief Sewer, 303, 303
Flatlands, 3, 16, 17, 18, 22, 24, 32, 35, 36, 108, 126, 155, 244, 270, 303, 307, 309, 314, 322, 323, 324, 425, 464
Flatlands Dutch Reformed Church, 34
Flatlands Industrial Park, 406–7, 409, 415–16, 496n7
Fleary, George, 431
Flint, Anthony, 426
Floyd Bennett (airplane), 276
Floyd Bennett Field, 2, 144, 145, 269, 271, 272–74, 276, 276, 278–86, 284, 285, 286, 288, 289–90, 293–94, 296, 308, 326–28, 327
Flushing, 247
Flushing ash dump, 438
Flushing Meadows Park, 207
Flushing River, 207
flying boats, 264–65, 274, 281, 291–92, 293, 326
Flynn, Leroy, 448
Foelker, Otto G., 122
Fogelson, Robert, 299, 301–2, 335
Fokker, Anthony G., 275
Folk, “Holy Joe,” 120
Fontaine, Jean de la, 75
Fontaine Ferry Park, Louisville, 451
Ford, Edsel, 275
Ford, Josephine, 275
Forest Hills Gardens, Queens, 208
Forest Park, Queens, 207
Forever Ink Bar, 464
Forever Wild nature preserves, 262
Fort Greene, 459
Fort Greene Houses, 336, 368–80, 369, 371, 372, 376, 379
Fort Greene Park, 358
Fort Greene Place, 441–42
Fort Hamilton Parkway, 100–101, 229
Fort Ponkiesberg, 62
Fort Tilden, 311
Fortune (magazine), 324
Fouilhoux, J. André, 368–69
Fourteenth Regiment of the New York State Militia, 163–64
Fourth National Conference on City Planning, 233
Fox, George, 52–53
Franklin, Benjamin, 317
Franklin, Roswell E., 283
Franklin D. Roosevelt (aircraft carrier), 329
Fraser, James Earle, monumental sculpture of George Washington, 247, 247
Freedomland, 416
Freeman, Joshua B., 332, 334, 335
Frémont, John C., 136
French, Edwin, “Down at Sheepshead Bay,” 166
Fresh Creek, 60
Freshmen, Philip, 309–10; English Tudor Home, 325
Fried, Miles E., 176
Friedan, Betty, 459
Friede, Isaac, 171
Friede, Joel, 171
Friede, Meyer, 171
Friede, Samuel Meyer, 171–74, 176, 179–81, 183–86, 184, 188–93, 441, 453; illustration for an “Amusement Apparatus,” 177; illustration for a “Revolving Air Ship Tower,” 178
Friede-Blanke Aerial Globe, 172–74, 176. See also Globe Tower
Friede Globe Tower Company, 179–80, 180, 183–86, 185, 189
Friedman, Milton, 12
Fries, Sylvia D., 54
Fritchman, E. H., 308
Fruit Street Sitting Area, 395
Fugutive Slave Act (1850), 35
Fuller, R. Buckminster, 440–41, 442
Fulton, Robert, 296
Fulton Street, 340, 373–74, 431, 462
Fulton Street elevated train, 339–41, 340, 344, 345
Furillo, Carl, 330
Furman, Gabriel, 297
Furman, Robert, 72–73
Furman Street, 389–91, 392, 393, 395
Futurama exhibit, 1939 New York World’s Fair, 401, 439–40
Futurity Stakes, 113–14, 116, 117, 118–19, 123
Gaines, Elizabeth Venable, 361
Gairville, 459
Galamison, Milton A., 416, 424
Galerie des machines, Exposition Universelle (Paris, 1889), 192
Gallo, Fortune, 164
garages, 319
Garden City concept, 369, 372, 421
garden design, 74
Gardner, Frank S., 209
Garner, Louis M., 451
Garrison, Lloyd K., 416
Garrison, William Lloyd, 416
Garvey, Marcus, 289
Gavett, Jack, 366
Geddes, Patrick, 369
General Electric, 281
Genovese, Kitty, 413, 433, 456
George Ehret Brewery, 333
George III, king of England, 64
George VI, king of England, 328
German-American Alliance, 163, 163
Germany, 160, 162–63. See also Nazi Germany
Gerritsen, Samuel, 28
Gerritsen, Wolphert, 22, 23, 24–26
Gerritsen Beach, 312–14, 314, 322
Gerritsen Creek, 19, 20, 24, 35, 39, 153, 241, 242–43, 251, 256, 261, 327, 469n27
Gerritsen Estates, 312–13, 312, 313
Gerritsen family, 241
Gerritsen tide mill, 27–28, 29, 35, 241, 242, 257
Gershwin, Ira, 12
Getnick, Hyman, 413
Get-Together Club, 220
Gibbons, Richard, 265–66, 282; illustration for an “Airplane Receiving Apparatus,” 267
GI Bill, 435
Gienanth, Ulrich von, 294
Gilbert, Arthur W., 484n34
Gilbert, Cass, 173
Gillette, Chester, 121
Gilmore, Patrick, 108
Gini, Corrado, 233
Gittens, Essie Marie, 290
Giuliani, Rudolph W. “Rudy,” 12, 424
glaciers. See Laurentide ice sheet; outwash plain; terminal moraine
Glidden Tour, 149
Globe Tower, 179–81, 182, 183–86, 187, 188–89, 189, 192, 193, 441, 452. See also Aerial Globe
Globe Tower Band, 190
Golden Age of Aviation, 286
Goldin, Louis R., 307
Gold Rush, 297
Goldwater, Barry, 432
Good Roads Association, 103
Good Roads Movement, 154
Goodwin, Doris Kearns, 12
Gordon, Elisabeth, 492n26
Gorky, Arshile, 272
Gowanus, 16, 60–61, 63, 66–67, 72
Gowanus Canal, 204, 297, 436, 459
Gowanus Creek, 199
Gowanus Improvement (brochure), 386, 390
Gowanus Parkway, 385, 387, 390
Grace, Thomas, 322
Gradual Manumission Act (1799), 34
Graff, M. M., 89
grain trade, 204
Grand Army Plaza, 91, 233, 239, 336
Grand Central Parkway, 99, 385, 387
Grange, 121
Grant, Harry F., 157
Grant, Madison, The Passing of the Great Race, 305–6
Gravesend, 2, 3, 25, 32, 40, 43–57, 46–47, 49, 56, 59, 114, 130, 135, 167–70, 169, 447
Gravesend Bay, 55
Gravesend–Jamaica Bay Waterways Board, 206
Gravesend Neck Road, 44, 229, 307
Gravesend racetrack, 109
Gravesend town plan, 45, 49, 471n9, 471n10
Great Depression, 9, 246, 272, 296, 308, 310–11, 313, 318, 320, 416, 422, 437
Great Epizootic (1872), 129
Greater New York World’s Fair Committee, 246
Great Hurricane (1938), 299
Great Migration, 447
Great Port of Jamaica Bay. See World Harbor
Great Society programs, 431
Greeley, Horace, 136
Green, Andrew Haswell, 6, 8, 87, 96, 197–98
Greenbelt, Maryland, 422
Greene, Bertha, 115
Greenlight Bookstore, 464
Greenpoint, 9, 199, 388, 400, 460
Greenwich Village, Manhattan, 22, 86, 365
Green-Wood Cemetery, 2, 3, 6, 74–78, 76, 78
Greva Compagnia, 311
Greve, William M., 311–15, 322, 435
Greyhound (ship), 59
Grief, Mark, 460
Griffin, Frank D., 452
Griffis, John H., 420
Gropius, Walter, 420
Grout, Edward Marshall, 198–200, 202, 316
Gruen, Victor, 407
Grumman, 327
Guenzel, Louis, 163
Guerin, Jules, View, looking west, of the proposed Civic Center plaza and buildings. From Plan of Chicago, 228
Guggenheim, Harry F., 266
Guggenheim School of Aeronautics, 266
Guillan, H. B., 28
Gulick, Luther Halsey, 253
Guthrie, Arlo, 12
G. W. Bromley and Company, Atlas of the Borough of Brooklyn, 187
Gwynn Oak Park, Baltimore, 451
Hackensack, New Jersey, 16
Haile Selassie, 289
Half Moon (ship), 21–22, 197, 209
Hall, Peter, 408
Hallet’s Cove, 204
Hamill, Pete, 2, 11, 429, 430, 458
Hamilton, Alexander, 362
Hamilton, Tony, 116
Hammond, A. G., 71
Hammond Avenue, 71
Hanks, Nancy, 156
Hanna, John, 77
Hanson Place, 441
Harbor Protective and Development Association, 204
Haring Street, 308
Harkness, Harry S., 153, 164, 166, 479n9
Harkness Handicap, 159
Harlem River Drive, 387
Harlem Ship Canal, 88
Harper’s Weekly (magazine), 219
Harriman, Averell, 442
Harrington, Michael, 378
Harrison, Wallace K., 368–69
Hart, Merwin K., 121
Hartley, Marsden, 398
Harwood Building, Scarsdale, 307
Hassett, Patty, 496n15
Hastings, Milo, 422
Hattie (elephant), 165
Haussmann, Georges-Eugène, 95, 191, 226, 336, 384
Haviland, James Cromwell, 398
Hawkins Brothers Fish Oil and Guano Company, 133
Hawthorne, Julian, 422
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, The Scarlet Letter, 41
Hayes, Rutherford B., 117
Hayward and Lepine, Battle Pass, Valley Grove, 60
Hazlet, John, 61
Hearst, William Randolph, 120, 149
Hearst Prize, 149–51
Heights of Guana, 76
Hellcat fighter, 327
Hell Gate Bridge, 210
Helmle, Frank J., 342
Hempstead, 257
Hempstead Plain, 18
Hempstead Plains Aerodrome, 147
Henderson, Charles R., 311
Hendrick I. Lott house, 14, 15, 28, 35–38, 36, 37, 314
Hendricksen, Cornelius, 22
Henry Hudson Bridge, 438
Henry Hudson Parkway, 381, 383, 384–85, 385
Herkimer Street, 414
Herndon, Hugh, Jr., 286–87
Herriman, Stephen H., 242
Hewitt, Abram S. See Brooklyn Eagle
Heyman Glass Company, 459
Hicks, John and Jacob Middagh, 297
Higgins, Charles, 318
Higgins, Daniel: American Red Cross headquarters, 355, 356; Brooklyn War Memorial, 352, 353
Highland Park pool, Pittsburgh, 451
High Street, 359
highways, 380, 400–428, 434–35
Hill, David B., 136
Hill, Leavitt, 84
Hillis, Newell Dwight, 216, 218–39, 223, 305, 338, 341, 383, 390–91, 393; The Blot on the Kaiser’s ’Scutcheon, 237–38
Hinsdale, Reynold H., 191–92, 481n27
hipsters, 460
Hirshfield, David, 241
Hirst, Herb, 280
Historic House Trust, 314
Hitler, Adolf, 236, 294, 446, 452
H. J. Linder and Company, 186
Hobsbawm, Eric, 71
Hodges, Willis Augustus, 35
Hodgson, Robert, 52
Holiday Hill amusement park, Ferguson, Missouri, 450
Holland, Clifford Milburn, 483n15
Holland Tunnel, 268, 282, 303, 404, 483n15
Holme, Thomas, 53–54; A Map of the Improved Part of the Province of Pennsilvania in America, 55; A Portraiture of the City of Philadelphia, 54
Holocaust, 238
Home Apartments, Brooklyn Heights, 241
Hong Kong, 214
Hoover, J. Edgar, 294
Horn and Hardart Automats, 373
Hornbostel, Henry, 154–55
Horne, Lena, 12
horsecars, 129
Horton, Harry M., 148
Horwitz brothers (Three Stooges), 12
Hotaling, Ed, 116
Hotel St. George, 225
House of Lehrenkrauss, 320–21
housing, 295–325, 334–36, 411, 435. See also public housing
Housing Act (1949), 335
Houston Ship Channel, 203
Hoving, Thomas, 411
Howard Beach Building Company, 208
Howe, Arthur M., 343
Howe, George Augustus, 64
Howland Hook Marine Terminal, Staten Island, 213
Hubbard, Henry Vincent, 248
Hubbard, James, 45, 51, 55, 56
Hudde, Andries, 18, 22, 23, 24–26
Hudson Avenue, 359, 359, 361, 364
Hudson Avenue Generating Station, 361–62, 362, 363
Hudson-Fulton Celebration, 265
Huggins, Ernest, 450
Huggins, Josephine, 450
Hughes, Charles Evans, 120–21, 121
Hughes, Evan, 365
Hughes, Langston, 452
Hulbert, George Murray, 215, 242
Hunt, Rose Ward (formerly Sally Maria “Pinky” Diggs), 216, 217, 450
Hurricane Sandy (2012), 210, 263, 313
Hutchinson, Anne, 41–42, 43, 48
Hutchinson River Parkway, 380
Huxtable, Ada Louise, 401, 425
hydrophobia, 127
Hylan, John F., 101, 214, 241–42, 301, 302
ice cream, 490n13
Idlewild Airport, 295, 408. See also John F. Kennedy International Airport
Illustration of the “sham battle over New York,” 279
La Ilustración Española y Americana (magazine), 174
immigrants, 8–10, 141–43, 222, 224, 235, 253, 305–6, 311, 364
Important Exhibition of Modern Art (exhibition), 398
Industrial Canal, New Orleans, 203
industry, decline of, 330–34
Indy Racing League IndyCar series, 159
infant mortality, 41, 142, 358, 361
Ingersoll, Raymond V., 145, 260, 339, 379
Insurance Building, 309
Interborough Rapid Transit Company, 112, 225
intergroup contact hypothesis, 433
International Aviation Meet, 149
International Exhibition (London, 1862), 127
International Exposition Company, 246
International Longshoremen’s Association, 200
invented traditions, 71–72
Iowa (ship), 329
Irish Americans, 359–61
Irishtown, 359
Irving, Washington, 21, 22, 43, 75, 80
Island Buffet, 464
Italian Americans, 292–93, 361
Italian futurism, 291
Italy, 291–93
Jackie Robinson Parkway, 99, 385
Jackson, Kenneth T., 63
Jacobs, Jane, 53, 403–4, 403, 410, 414, 426, 444, 459
Jamaica, 60
Jamaica Bay, 2, 35, 125, 135, 138, 139, 142, 195–215, 196, 198, 257, 265, 266, 268, 272, 281, 328, 406
Jamaica Bay Improvement Commission, 202
James, Darwin, III, 391
James, Gladys Underwood, 390–91
James, Henry, Washington Square, 86
Japanese Americans, 365
Jay Z, 12
Jefferson, Thomas, 436
Jerome, Jennie, 12
Jerome, Lawrence, 112
Jerome, Leonard W., 112
Jerome Park racetrack, Bronx, 108, 111, 112, 117
Jerusalem River, 35
Jewell, Edward Alden, 239, 250
Jews, 9, 30, 52, 109, 171, 413, 454
Jockey Club, 116
jockeys, 115–17
Johannes Lott barn, 38
John F. Kennedy High School, 416
John F. Kennedy International Airport, 207, 266, 295, 401, 405, 408, 409
John M. Coleman Intermediate School, 271, 414
Johnson, Philip, 496n14
Johnson, Samuel, 224
Joint Legislative Committee on Housing, 301
Jones, James Earl, 289
Jones, J. Herbert, 487n3
Jones, Robert, 289
Jones Beach State Park, 381, 447
Jordan, Michael, 12
Josephine Ford (airplane), 275
Judge Corwin house, Massachusetts, 305
Juet, Robert, 21
Julian, Hubert, 286, 288–89, 288, 290
Jumbo (elephant), 131
Kacha-washke, 124
Kahn, Albert, 272
Kahn, Ely Jacques, 369
Kakapetteyno (chief), 22
Kallman, Chester, 366
Karst, Emile, 173–74
Kasson, John, 171
Kauffman, Reginald Wright, 193
Kaufman, Herbert, 285
Kavanaugh, Frederick W., 208
Kearsarge (aircraft carrier), 329
Keck, Charles, 353
Keely, Patrick C., 359
Keitel, Harvey, 12
Keiter’s Hook, 60
Kellogg, John Harvey, 235, 237
Kellor, Frances A., 142–43
Kelly, Edna F., 427
Kelly, James A., 68–69
Kennedy, Elijah R., 100–101
Kennedy, Michael J., 231
Kensington, 462
Kent, Rockwell, 273
Kern, Jerome, “Nesting Time in Flatbush,” 9, 296
Kerrick, Harrison S., 147
Kerrigan, Charles F., 268
Keskachauge, 16, 18–19, 22, 25, 27
Khrushchev, Nikita, 383
Kieft, Willem, 42–44, 52, 167, 470n6
Kilborn, Eloise S., 156
Kilenyi, Julio, 247
Killmer, Nelson B., 204
Kimball Landing, 35
King, Carole, 12
Kingsborough Community College, 265
Kingsbury, Frederick, 79
Kings County, 3, 28, 30–32, 35, 57, 59, 65, 91, 107, 108, 120, 297, 380, 430
Kings County Land Commission, 206
Kings County Penitentiary, 140
Kings County Sunday Observance League, 160
Kings County Supreme Court, 233
King’s Head tavern, 108
Kings Highway, 15, 44, 94, 101, 229, 239, 321, 408
Kings Plaza Mall, 215
Kinney, Ova, 268
Kitagawa, Daisuke, 451
Kleinsasser, Theodore W., 441–43, 442
Knapp, H. K., 479n9
Koehler, V. Hugo, 154
Kohn, Samuel, 139
Kokuryūkai (Black Dragon Society), 287
Koolhaas, Rem, 6
Koop, C. Everett, 12
Korean War Veterans Park, 342, 343
Kosciuszko Bridge, 388
Koselleck, Reinhart, 2
Kracke, Frederick J. H., 338, 339, 343
Kratter, Marvin, 445–46
Krogius, Henrik, 390
Krohn, Charles, 268
labor: Barren Island processing plants, 133–34, 141, 143; Coney Island, 447–48; horse racing, 114, 121, 123; housing industry, 303; midcentury problems, 431; port facilities, 200; postwar problems, 331–34; World War II, 326–29
labor strikes, 331–34, 333, 448
La Guardia, Fiorello, 68, 86, 145, 214, 256, 284–86, 284, 285, 296, 339, 346, 349, 367–68, 370, 383, 412
La Guardia Airport, 286
Lake Fithian (ship), 254–55, 255, 486n20
Lakeland Park, Memphis, 451
Lamb, Charles, 224
Lamb, Martha, 56
land deed, 23
Landmarks Preservation Commission, 23, 404, 430
landscape architecture, 79, 80, 248, 474n26
Landscape Architecture (magazine), 249, 254, 257
Langan, Edward A., 184–85, 188–90
Lansing, Michigan, 451
Latham, Roy, 20
Latrobe, Benjamin Henry, 132
Lauder family, 459
Laughlin, Harry Hamilton, 236–37
Laurel Hill Cemetery, Philadelphia, 78
Laurelton Parkway, 383
Laurentide ice sheet, 3–4, 5, 197. See also outwash plain; terminal moraine
Laurye Homes Corporation, 309–10, 311, 321
Law, Ruth, 160
Lawrence Realization Stakes, 123, 147
Lay, Charles Downing, 248–57, 261–62, 351; aerial perspective of Canoe Harbor at Avenue U, Marine Park, 252; The Freedom of the City, 248, 250; Long Canal in Marine Park, 263; Preliminary Plan for Marine Park, Brooklyn, 251; view of Boathouse, Marine Park, 254
League of Loyal Citizens, 8
Lechford, Thomas, 41
Le Corbusier, 369, 370, 423–24
LED light, 462–63
Lee, Charles, 65
Lee, Gypsy Rose, 366
Lee, Richard, 417
Lee, Spike, 12
Lee, Tunney F., 411
Lefkowitz, Lewis J., 427
Lehman, Herbert H., 367–68, 370
Leif Ericson Park, 101
Lenape. See Leni Lenape Nation
Lend-Lease Program, 326
L’Enfant, Pierre Charles, 227
Leni Lenape Nation, 3, 16, 197, 262
Leonard, Bill, 454
Lethem, Jonathan, 12
Let There Be Commitment (report), 411
Levine, Charles A., 271
Levitt, Alfred, 435
Lewis, Alonzo, 41
Lexington (ship), 328–29
Lezbern Building Company, 307
Life Savers Candy Company, 330, 456
light, 462–65
Light Detecting and Ranging (LIDAR), 72–74, 73
Ligorio, Pirro, 394
Lincoln, Abraham, 217
Lindbergh, Charles, 148, 246, 264–65, 270, 275, 278, 294, 295
Linden Boulevard, 413
Lindenthal, Gustav, 154
Lindsay, John Vliet, 405–6, 408, 409, 411–12, 412, 415–17, 420, 424–28, 496n14
linear cities, 418–27
Linear City for New York, 418, 419, 420–21, 420, 424–27, 450
Lipsik, Charlotte, 433
Liszt, Franz, 395
Litchfield, Edwin Clark, 199, 297, 391
Litchfield, Electus Darwin, 391, 392, 393, 495n13
Little Mothers’ League, 143
Little Rock, Arkansas, 451
Lloyd, Clinton F., 352, 383, 384
Locke, William W., 138
Lockwood, Charles C., 301, 347
Logue, Edward J., 411, 417, 420, 496n14
Lombardi, Vince, 12
LOMEX. See Lower Manhattan Expressway
London plane trees, 321, 352, 353, 474n14
Long, Huey, 353
Longacre Engineering and Construction Company of New York, 272
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, Evangeline, 145
longhouses, 18–19
Long Island: elm trees on, 86; horse racing on, 107–8; Moody’s settlement on, 42, 44; Native Americans in, 16; as port, 56; topography of, 2, 4, 16, 18, 20, 107, 197; transportation on, 97, 99, 99; Underground Railroad and, 35
Long Island Daily Press (newspaper), 214
Long Island Expressway, 99, 405
Long Island Kennel Club, 153
Long Island Lighting Company, 435
Long Island Motor Parkway, 99
Long Island Rail Road, 109, 155, 210, 268, 408, 418, 441, 443–44
Long Island State Park Commission, 381
Long Meadow, Prospect Park, 91
loop agitation, 221–23
Loosley, Charles, 108
Lord, Hewlett & Tallant, 233
Lorillard, Pierre, IV, 112
Lorimer, A. Gordon, plan for Brooklyn Supreme Court plaza, 355, 356
Lorraine, Claude, 74
Los Angeles Herald (newspaper), 114
Los Angeles Motordrome, 155
Los Angeles Times (newspaper), 162
Lott, Hendrick I., 28, 32, 34–38
Lott, Jeromus, 31
Lott, Johannes, 14, 31, 33, 314
Louisiana Purchase Exposition (St. Louis, 1904), 172–73
Louisville, Kentucky, 451
Lowell, James Russell, 80
Lower Manhattan Expressway (LOMEX), 387, 404–6, 405, 406, 408, 425–28, 426
Lowrie, Charles N., 483n18
Luna Park, 171, 172, 179, 447, 452
Lusitania (ship), 162
Lustig, Elias, 283
Lustig Sky Train, 283, 284, 284
Lutherans, 52
Lying Lips (film), 289
Macdonald, Elizabeth, 95, 96, 102, 103
MacDonald, Eugene, 274
MacDonald, Thomas H., 402
MacFarlane, Peter, 218
MacGilchrist, J., perspective rendering of Marine Park, 260
MacKaye, Benton, 369
MacManus, Edgar, 30
MacMillan Polar Expedition, 274
MacMonnies, Frederick William: James S. T. Stranahan monument, 87; Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Arch, Grand Army Plaza, 226, 483n17
MacNeice, Louis, 366
MacPhail, Leland Stanford, 437
Madison, Dolly, 490n13
Madison Square Garden, Manhattan, 117, 131, 188, 220, 293
Magoon, Herbert, Marine Park Fieldhouse, 261
Mailer, Norman, 12
Major Deegan Expressway, 401
Manhattan: Brooklyn’s relationship to, 4–6, 9, 10, 88, 196, 270, 334; Moses’s highway project for, 404–6; port facilities of, 200–202, 213
Manhattan Beach Hotel, 108–9, 110, 114, 123, 148, 170
Manhattan Beach Improvement Company, 136
Manhattan Bridge, 221–22, 231, 268, 336, 343, 361, 399, 459
Manhattan Project, 326
Manhattan Sand Company, 308
Mann, Klaus, 366
Mann, Thomas, 366
Manufacturer and Builder (magazine), 174
Marble Hill, 416
Marin, John, 398
Marine Park, 2, 14, 20, 21, 239–62, 249, 251, 252, 254, 256, 258–59, 260, 261, 263, 265, 266, 308–10, 318, 321, 322, 462, 464, 484n1, 491n26
Marine Park Civic Association, 265
Marine Parkway Authority, 258
Marine Parkway Bridge, 258, 438
Mariposa Mining Company, 89
Marlo, Michael, 452
Maroney, Jimmy, 361
Marquat, E. J., 370
marriage, 234–36
Mars, James Cairn “Bud,” 147–49, 478n2
Marsh, Benjamin C., 222
Marshall, William L., 210
Martin, Dave, 137
Martin, Joseph Plumb, 71
Martin, Malcolm G., 452
Martins, 373
Maryland Commission on Interracial Problems and Relations, 451
Marylanders. See First Maryland Regiment
Massabarkem, 25
Massachusetts Horticulture Society, 75
mass production, 312, 322, 435
Mather, Cotton, 45
Mayer, Albert, 369
Mayor’s Committee on Aviation invitation, 277
McCarren, Patrick H., 137
McClellan, George B., Jr., 202, 222
McCormack, John, 164
McCormick Theological Seminary, 218
McCrary, Reagan “Tex,” 383
McCullers, Carson, 366–67, 398, 458
McCurdy, J.A.D., 147–48
McCurtin, Daniel, 58
McDonald Avenue, 39, 44, 51, 194
McGrath, John P., 442–43
McKane, John Y., 115, 120, 169–70, 198
McKenzie, Voorhees & Gmelin, 233
McKim, Charles Follen, 227
McKnight, Fanny, 134
McLaughlin, George V., 437
McLean, Malcom Purcell, 212
McMillan, Robert S., 420
McMillan Commission, 227
McMillan Griffis Mileto, 420; Linear City, Brooklyn, New York, 419, 420
McNamara, Robert S., 429
McVey, Edison, 288–89
Meade, Elizabeth D., 74
Mechawanienk trail, 44
Meeker Avenue, 388
Melville, Herman, 372
Memphis, Tennessee, 451
Mergenthaler Linotype, 332
Mermaid Avenue, 452
Merrimack (ship), 332
metabolists, 410
Metropolitan Board of Health, 130
Metropolitan Park Conference, 381
Michael A. Rawley, Jr. American Legion Post, 72
Michael’s Tonsorial Parlor, xi, xiv
Michaux, François André, 83
Mid-Manhattan Expressway, 406
Midwout, 28
Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig, Concord Village scheme, 353, 355
Mileto, William P., 420
Militant (newspaper), 278
Military Air Transport Service, 327
Military and Naval Tournament for Adequate National Defense, 160
Mill Basin, 214, 214, 272, 413
Miller, Arthur, 12
Miller, Blaine Heston, 155–57
Minuit, Pieter, 22
miscegenation, fears of, 236, 451
Missouri (ship), 329
Miss Veedol (airplane), 286–87
Mitchel, John Purroy, 189, 241, 338
Mitchill, Samuel L., 132
modernism, 354–56, 370–73, 381, 410, 443
Modern Venus bathing-beauty competition, 454
Mohawk ironworkers, 459
Molière, 75
Monitor (ship), 332
Montclair Civil Rights Commission, 450
Montero, Maria, 294
Monthly Labor Review (magazine), 303
Montreal, Canada, 204
Moody, Catherine, 40
Moody, Henry, 39–40
Moody, Henry, Jr., 40, 44, 56, 107
Moon, Vernon S., 346
moonshine, 134. See also bootleggers
moraine. See terminal moraine
Moran, Thomas, 20
Moreland Act, 120
Moritz, Herman O., 316
Morning Telegraph (newspaper), 114
Morrison, Jim, 75
Morris Park, Bronx, 208
Morse, George L., Brooklyn Eagle Building, 357
Morton, Thomas, 131
Moseley, Winston, 433
Moses, Robert, 2, 11, 26, 61, 97, 99, 144–45, 221, 229, 247, 256–59, 260, 261, 304, 323, 326, 335–36, 339, 346–57, 347, 380–406, 397, 408, 424, 428, 434, 438, 441–46, 459, 469n27; Joint Study of Arterial Facilities, 405, 408
mossbunkers, 132
Mostel, Zero, 12
Motherwell, Robert, 461
Motor Vehicle Dealers Association, 319
Mount Auburn Cemetery, Boston, 75, 77–78
Mount Vernon replica, 304–5, 305
Mount Washington, 76
Mumford, Lewis, 297, 324, 348, 356, 369, 370–72, 395, 400, 403
Mummert, Harvey C., 265–66
Municipal Arts Society, 391
Münsterberg, Hugo, 162
Murphy, Eddie, 12
Murphy, Henry C., 100
Murphy, Ike, 116
Murphy, Thomas, 134
Museum of Modern Art, 409
Museum of the City of New York, 304
Muskyttehool, 25
Myrtle Avenue, 11
Myrtle Avenue elevated train, 340, 379
NAACP. See National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Napoleon III, 358
Narriock, 25
Narrows, 21, 55, 58, 60, 265, 408
Natanson, Max M., 166–67
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), 431, 433, 450–51
National Daylight Saving Association, 317
National Housing Act (1934), 321
nationalism, 82
National Negro Congress, 374
National Open Air Festival Society, 164
National Origins Act (1924), 306
National Park Service, 66
National War Labor Board, 331
Native Americans, 15–16, 18–20, 22, 24–27, 43, 44, 131. See also individual tribes
Naval Air Ferry Command, 327
Naval Air Station–New York, 327
Naval Air Station Rockaway, 264
Naval Reserve Air Squadron Curtiss O2C-1 aircraft, 280, 281
Navy Yard. See Brooklyn Navy Yard
Nazi Germany, 236–38, 293, 294, 326–27
Nelson, Aaron, 448–49
Nelson family of aerialists, 188
Neptune Avenue, 322
“Nesting Time in Flatbush” (song), 9, 296
Neuberger, Samuel A., 452
New Amsterdam, 4, 24, 34, 42–45, 52, 56
Newark, New Jersey, quarries, 297, 299
Newark Airport, 266, 272, 281–82, 285
The New City: Architecture and Urban Renewal (exhibition), 409–10, 411
Newcombe, Don, 330
Newcourt, Richard, 54
New England Journal of Medicine, 237
New England Thruway, 387
New Haven, Connecticut, 45, 48, 50–51, 50, 53, 84–85, 85, 417, 420, 450
New Jersey, 213
Newmarket racetrack, Salisbury, 108
New Netherland, 3, 18, 22, 25, 30, 34, 42, 44–45, 50–52, 57, 107
New Orleans, Louisiana, 403, 428, 450
Newspaper Guild of New York, 333–34
Newton, Jennie, 449–50
Newton, Norman T., 74
Newtown, Pennsylvania, 54–55
Newtown Creek, 204
Newtown Creek Canal, 199
New Utrecht, 3, 28, 32, 59, 100, 311
New York and New Jersey Port Authority, 200
New York Central Railroad, 200
New York City: formation of, 6, 7, 8; nickname of, 114
New York City Housing Authority, 374–79
New York City Improvement Commission, 222
New York City Planning Commission, 346–48, 388, 391, 393, 406, 408, 411
New York City School Construction Authority, 73
New York Connecting Railroad, 210–12, 268, 408–9
New York Daily Mirror (newspaper), 383
New York Daily News (newspaper), 278
New York Dock Railway, 200
New York Evening Telegram (newspaper), 221
New York Evening World (newspaper), 209
New York Harbor, 199
New York Herald (newspaper), 67, 184, 221, 444
New York Herald Tribune (newspaper), 333
New York Marriott at the Brooklyn Bridge, 356
New York National Guard, 160
New York Philharmonic Orchestra, 164
New York Port of Embarkation, 326
New York Public Library, 6
New-York Sanitary Utilization Company, 137, 140–41, 140, 143–45, 276, 286
New York Society for the Suppression of Vice, 120
New York State Barge Canal, 197, 203–4, 203, 206, 208–9
New York State Barge Canal Grain Elevator, 204, 205
New York State Council of Parks, 381
New York State Militia, 165
New York Sun (newspaper), 179, 183, 422
New York Times (newspaper), 72, 104, 111–12, 114, 116, 117, 120, 122, 125, 127–28, 130, 131, 134, 137, 141, 144, 147, 148, 153, 159, 163, 166, 183, 184, 195, 204, 208, 219, 221, 234, 245, 250, 272, 273, 278, 282, 289, 298, 311, 332, 334, 336, 342, 360, 375, 377, 387, 390, 407–8, 412, 417, 422, 432, 433, 441, 444, 454, 456
New York Title and Mortgage Company, 311
New-York Tribune (newspaper), 6, 100–101, 113, 186, 188, 232, 391, 448
New York University, 266, 276, 411
New York University Center for Urban Science and Progress, 356
New York World (newspaper), 110
New York World-Telegram (newspaper), 390
New York Yacht Club, 149
New York Yankees, 10, 120, 330, 334, 429, 444
New York Zoological Park (Bronx Zoo), 6
Niagara (ship), 329
Nichols, James C., 153
Nicolls, Richard, 56
Nin, Anaïs, 366
Nitro-Phosphate Company, 127
Nixon, Richard, 383
Norberg-Schulz, Christian, 3
Norden Company, 327
North American Civic League for Immigrants, 142–43
North Beach Airport, Queens, 286, 294
North Carolina (ship), 329
Northeast Bronx Education Park at Co-op City, 416
Northern State Parkway, 99, 257
North Heights, 398
Nostrand Avenue, 239, 318, 319, 431, 432
Notorious B.I.G., 12
Nova Educational Experiment, 416
Nowicki, Matthew, 369
Noyes, Charles F., 166–67
Obama, Barack, 73
Ocean Hill, 4
Ocean Hotel, 110
Ocean Parkway, 2, 101–4, 104, 109, 111, 241
Ocean Pavilion, 169
odors. See smells
Ohio Clock, 318
O’Keefe, Arthur J., 338
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 450
Old Chicago mega-mall and indoor amusement complex, Bolingbrook, 192
Old Stone House Museum, 61, 64, 73
Olmstead, Charles Hart, 89
Olmsted, Benjamin, 80
Olmsted, Frederick Law, 3, 6, 74, 79–82, 86–96, 100–101, 104–5, 137, 218, 229, 231, 239, 241, 253, 381, 383, 384, 474n26; Design for Prospect Park in the City of Brooklyn, 92–93; A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States, 79; plan view of a portion of Eastern Parkway, 97
Olmsted, Frederick Law, Jr., 80, 222, 227, 248
Olmsted, John Charles, 100, 196
Olmsted, Olmsted and Elliot, Plan of Bay Ridge Parkway, 102–3
Olympic (ship), 201
O’Neil-Dunne, Jarlath, 72–73
Onorato, James J. “Jimmy,” xii, xiv, 454, 456–57
Onrust (ship), 22
On the Waterfront (film), 200
Oppenheim Collins, 373
Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 309, 441
Oriental Hotel, 108, 110, 123, 136
Oriskany (aircraft carrier), 329
Orton, Lawrence M., 346
Orwell, George, Coming Up for Air, 324
O’Ryan, John F., 160
Osman, Suleiman, 334
Outlook (newspaper), 219
outwash plain, 3–4, 9, 19, 35, 65, 107, 112, 197, 209, 296–325
Owens, Jesse, 261
Owl’s Head Park, 4
Pacific Coast Lumber Company, 204
Paerdegat Basin, 25
Paerdegat Park, 322
Paine, Albert Bigelow, 171
Palace of Wonders, 448
Palacio y Elissague, Alberto de, 174, 176; monument to Christopher Columbus, 174, 175
Paley, William S., 411, 496n14
Pan-American Exposition (Buffalo, 1901), 171
Pan-American Union, 202–3
Pangborn, Clyde, 286–87
Panic of 1893, 116
parachute drop (ride), 330, 456
parachute jumps, 288–89
Parfitt, Albert E., 336
Paris, France, 226–27
Park Association of New York City, 248, 250, 257
Parks Department, 28, 103, 248, 256, 262, 297, 314, 351, 411, 438
Park Slope, 4, 10, 164, 300, 316, 436, 443, 458–59, 463–64
parkways, 94–105, 257, 380–85, 387, 434–35
Parmer, Charles B., 117
Parsons, Schuyler Livingston, 153, 479n9
Passaic, New Jersey, 16
passenger pigeons, 132
Pathé Frères, 236
Paul E. Cabaret and Company, bronze plaque of Charles B. Law, 211
Pavilion of Fun, 186, 191–92, 191, 429–30, 453, 457, 458
Payne, Flora, 242
Payne, Oliver Hazard, 242
Peabody, Charles S., 342
Peabody, George Foster, 342
peace demonstration, 278–79
Pelham Bay, 43
Pelham–Port Chester Express Highway, 387
Pelican Beach, 125
Pelli, César, US District Courthouse, 355
Penn, William, 53–54
Pennington, James W. C., 35
Pennsylvania Railroad, 112, 424
Pennsylvania Station, Manhattan, 457, 458
Pentecostal Mission Rey de los Reyes, 106
Percy, Lord, 60
Percy-Gray Law (1895), 121
Père Lachaise Cemetery, Paris, 74–75
Perez, Rosie, 12
Perkins, Emily Baldwin, 218
Perry, Oliver Hazard, 149
Peters, G. W., “The New Terminal in Brooklyn of the New York and Brooklyn Bridge,” 339
Phenix Iron Works, 297
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 53, 54
Phillips, Thomas, 54
Piaf, Edith, 75
Picasso, Pablo, 398; Nude Woman, 398; Pipe Rack and Still Life on a Table, 398, 398
Picture Magazine, 174
Pierrepont, Henry E., 75–76
Pierrepont, Hezekiah Beers, 75, 296, 391
Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House, 23–24, 24
Pigtown, 436
Pilkington, Deborah, 39
Pilot (elephant), 131
Pinchot, Gifford, 235, 242, 484n34
Pinkerton agency, 113, 120, 184
Piranesi, Giovanni Battista, 395
Pitkin Avenue, 413
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 451
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (newspaper), 451
Playground Association of America, 253
playground movement, 252–54, 486n18
Plum Island, 313
Plunkett, Horace, 235
Plymouth Church, 35, 84, 216–18, 217, 224, 226, 234, 237, 450
pneumatic tubes, for mail transport, 283
Podair, Jerald E., 413–14
Podell, Bertram L., 424
Podres, Johnny, 330
Polacca, Giorgio, 165
Polak, Edward, 303
police, 183, 360, 373–77, 431, 432, 433, 456
Police Games, 289
Pollock, Jackson, 461
Polo Grounds, 164
Pond, Bremer W., 248
Pope, Generoso, 308–9
Pope, John Russell, 353
population, 222, 225, 297, 299, 324, 413, 430–31
population, of Brooklyn, 13
Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, 213–14
Portland, Connecticut, quarries, 297, 298, 299
Port Newark–Elizabeth Marine Terminal, 213–14
Post, Augustus, 148
Post, Wiley, 286, 287, 289, 291, 294
Potter, Fannie, 450
Pounds, Lewis H., 160
Poussin, Nicholas, 74
Powell, James, 456
Praeger, Emil H., 438, 441, 442, 443
Prager, Robert Paul, 162
Pratt, Charles, 127
Pratt, Frederic B., 231, 232, 241, 243, 257, 338, 341
Pratt Institute, 127, 231, 241, 320, 340
predestination, 218
Prendergast, William A., 341
Presbyterian Church, 218
Price, Arthur B., 451
Prime, Nathaniel S., 45, 50, 51
The Prince of Pilsen (musical), 149
Prison Ship Martyrs’ Monument, 358
Professor Bristol’s Troupe of Performing Ponies, 188
Progressive Mission, 447
Il Progresso (newspaper), 308
Prohibition, 117, 144, 162, 305, 313, 333, 365
Prospect Expressway, 401
Prospect-Lefferts Gardens, 311, 463, 464
Prospect Park, 3, 4, 8, 74, 79, 87–96, 90, 92–93, 197, 253, 297, 304, 305
Prospect Park and Coney Island Railroad, 194
Prospect Park Boathouse, 342
Prospect Park Fair Grounds, 101
Prospect Park Improvement Company, 140
Prospect Place, 443
prostitution, 365
Proust, Marcel, 75
Public Driveway and Parkway Commission of Kings County, 100
public health, 129, 130, 136, 139, 358
public housing, 167, 336, 367–79, 399
Public School 120, Barren Island, 143, 145, 146
Putnam, Israel, 61
Putnam, J. Pickering, 108–9
Putnam’s Monthly (magazine), 105
P. White and Sons, 131. See also White family
Quaker Row townhouses, 398
Queens Boulevard, 388
Queens Midtown Tunnel, 405
Quester I (submarine), 194–95, 195
Quinn, Edwin J., 190
Rabi, Isidor I., 12
rabies, 127
race: on Barren Island, 143; Coney Island and, 447–56; and education, 414–20; housing discrimination based on, 435; in housing projects, 373–75; mid-twentieth-century race relations, 430–33, 447–56; racist theories of, 235–36, 305–6; turn-of-century race relations, 219–21
Race Betterment Foundation, 235
Raemore Realty Company, 321
railroads, 212
Ralph Avenue, 322
Rama VI, king of Siam, 149
Randalls Island, 22
rape, 375
Rapkin, Chester A., 496n14
Rappold, Marie, 165
Rapuano, Michael, 257–59, 348, 351–53, 381, 383, 393–95, 442–45; Development Plan for Marine Park Brooklyn, 258–59; plan for Brooklyn Civic Center, 353; site for new Dodger ball field, 443–45, 443; watercolor rendering of Henry Hudson Parkway and Riverside Park, 384–85; watercolor section-elevation through the Villa d’Este, Tivoli, 394–95, 394
Raritan Bay, 21
Ray, Man, 398
Read, Albert Cushing, 265
Realty Associates, 311–15, 315, 321, 490n17
Reber, Samuel, 148
Red Hook, 9, 10, 11, 22, 87, 199, 204, 213, 266, 395, 462
Red Lion Inn, 61
Reed, Lou, 12
reform. See social reform
Regional Plan Association, 265, 343, 383, 391, 404, 405, 408
Regional Planning Association of America, 369
Regional Plan of New York and Its Environs, 343
Reichelt, Franz, 272
Reiniers, Grietje, 44–45
religious freedom, 39–40, 44–45, 51–52
Remsen, Henry, 297
Remsen, Jacob D., 140
Remsen Avenue, 322
rendering plants, 124–27, 131, 133–36, 139–40
rent strikes, 301
Repton, Humphry, 74
Republican Club of Brooklyn, 316
Resettlement Administration, 422
Resta, Dario, 156–57, 160, 162
Revolving Airship Tower (ride), 176, 178, 186, 188, 453
Reynolds, Malvina, 436
Reynolds, William B., 127
Rheingold brewery, 333
Ricciardi, Christopher, 37–38
Rich, Buddy, 12
Richardson, Roy M. D., 391
Richmond Hill, Queens, 139, 208
Rickey, Branch, 437
Rieder, Jonathan, 433
Riegelmann, Edward J., 214, 242
Riess, Steven, 110
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, 321–22
Ringling Brothers, 188
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 424
riots, 431–32
Rising Sun roadhouse, 60
Ritor, Andrew, Treatise of the Vanity of Childish-Baptisme, 48, 50, 50
River Front Gang, 361
Rivers, Joan, 12
Riverside Apartments, Brooklyn Heights, 241
Riverside Park, Manhattan, 383, 384–85, 394
Rizzo, Paul, 144, 268, 269, 487n6
Robbins, Jerome, 367
Robert Gair Company, 459
Roberts, L. B., 255
Robertson, Jaquelin T., 409, 411, 496n15
Robinson, Jackie, 330, 376, 437, 439
Robinson, John G., 188
Robinson’s Atlas of Kings County, 56
Rocco, Adele, 377
Rock, Chris, 12
Rockaway Inlet, 21, 135, 197, 198, 210, 252, 254, 258, 271, 313, 314
Rockaway Point, 311
Rockefeller, John D., 127, 275
Rockne, Knute, 252
Rodgers, Calbraith Perry, 149–52, 150, 242, 265
Rodgers, Christopher R. P., 149
Rodgers, Cleveland, 343, 346–48, 347, 357; New York Plans for the Future, 346
Rodgers, George Washington, 149
Rodgers, John, 149
Roebling, John A., 3
Roebling, Washington A., 398
Rogers, W. A., At the Dog Pound—The Rescue of a Pet, 128
Rogers and Hart, “Manhattan,” 10, 194
Rohde, Harold, 144
Rooney, Tom, 157
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 390
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 285, 321, 346
Roosevelt, Theodore, 139–40, 162, 218, 237
Roosevelt Field, 147
Roosevelt Island, 22
Rosa, Salvatore, 74
Roseland, Harry H., Pinky, 450
Rosenzweig, Bob, 462
Rosmarin, Joseph, 273
RTKL, 427
Rudolph, Paul, linear city proposal for Lower Manhattan Expressway, 426
Ruf, Frank A., 176
Rukeyser, Lawrence “Lorry,” 308–11
Ruskin, John, 80
Russian Revolution, 305
Russo-Japanese War, 365
Ruston, John E., 196
Ruth, Babe, 437
Saarinen, Eero, 440
Sagan, Carl, 12
Sag Harbor, Long Island, 86
Saint-Gaudens, Augustus, 227, 353
Salazar, Manuel “Melico,” 165
Salisbury, Harrison E., 375, 378
Salmon, Edwin A., 346
Salt Marsh Nature Center, 262, 263
saltwater canals, 206
San Carlo Opera Company, 164
Sanders, Bernie, 12
Sand Hole House, 24
Sands, Comfort and Joshua, 362
Sands Street community, 336
Sands Street Methodist Episcopal Church, 362–63
Sands Street terminal, 336, 338–40, 341, 345, 363
Sandy Hook, 58
San Francisco, California, 403
Sargent, Charles Sprague, 84
Sargent, Cyril G., 416–18, 420, 450
Saterson, Nicholas, 313
Scania, Frank, 367
Scharf, J. Thomas, 27
Schenectady Avenue, 321
Schiff, Jacob H., 220
Schroth, Frank D., 333–34, 347
Schultz, Jackson S., 130
Schumer, Chuck, 12
Schwartz, Joel, 335
Scientific American (magazine), 174, 175
Sea Beach Palace, 169
Seabury Commission, 251
Sea-Land shipping line, 212, 214
Sea Lion Park, 170–71
Seal of New Netherlands, 26
Search, Preston, 416
Sears, Edward S., 179
Sears Roebuck, 304
Second Great Awakening, 218
Second System, 251
Seebohm, Caroline, 366
Seeger, Peter, 436
Segré, Claudio, 291
segregation, 235, 414–15, 431, 450–56
Segurola, Andrés de, 164
Seinfeld, Jerry, 12
Selkin, Hyman, 307
Selyns, Henricus, 34
Senate Finance Committee, 311
Senate Park Commission, 227
Serle, Ambrose, 70
service economy, 334
Servicemen’s Adjustment Act (1944), 435
Sesquicentennial Exposition (Philadelphia, 1926), 246
Shakespeare, William, 58
Shatz, Adam, 433
Shaw, Jane F., 144–46
Sheepshead Bay Motor Speedway, 153–60, 154, 156–57, 158, 159, 162, 163–67, 166, 167, 265
Sheepshead Bay Racetrack, 2, 109, 112–15, 113, 118–19, 122–24, 147–53
Sheepshead Bay Speedway Corporation, 153
Sheepshead-Nostrand public housing, 167
Shelley, Charles H., 136
Shell Road, 194
Shepard, Edward Morse, 219
Sheridan, Arthur V., 346
Sheridan Expressway, 346
Shore Parkway, 383
Shore Road, 100, 229, 239, 265
Shore Road Drive, 101
Shorto, Russell, 42
Shreve, Lamb & Harmon, Brooklyn Supreme Court, 355–56
Siems, Warner, 424
Sikorsky HNS-1, 327
Sills, Beverly, 12
silver medal, 1936 Berlin Olympic Games, 261, 262
Simmons, Philip P., 136
Sinclair, Upton, Damaged Goods, 234
Sindell, Fred, 452
Sinking Fund, 199
Sioux Indians, 188
Sip Unwine, 500n7
Siwanoy Algonquins, 42
Sixth Engineers, US Army Third Division, 351
Sixty-Fifth Street, 239
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, 417
slavery, 3, 5, 28, 30–32, 33, 34–38, 107
Slee and Bryson, 347
slums, 335, 348, 358–61, 367, 371–72, 379, 400, 411, 441, 443, 445
Sluyter, Peter, 14, 19, 27, 262
smallpox, 361
Smallwood, William, 61, 63–64, 70
Smedley, William, Mount Vernon replica, Prospect Park, 304–5, 305
smells, 86, 102, 124, 133–36, 138–39, 141
Smith, Alfred E. “Al,” 9, 204, 285, 289, 302, 347, 353, 381
Smith, Hattie Clarke, 217
Smith, J. R., Guann’s near Fort Swift, 63
Snedigar, Louis, 246
Snider, Duke, 330
Snodgrass, S. L., Marine Park Fieldhouse, 261
Snook, John B., 436
social reform, 142–43, 218–19, 253–54, 362, 365
Solow, Robert, 12
Somervell, Brehon B., 273
Soria y Mata, Arturo, 421
Sousa, John Philip, 108
South. See American South
South Brooklyn, 387, 388–89, 388, 459
South Brooklyn Board of Trade, 316
Southern Baptist Convention, 107
Southern Pacific Railroad, 311
Southern Parkway, 383
Southern State Parkway, 99
South Flatlands, 144
Southold Indian Museum, 20
Spanish-American War (1898), 329
Speer, Albert, 391
Spelta, Arturo, 164
Spencer, Herbert, 484n32
Sperry Gyroscope Company, 281, 327, 332
Spicer, Samuel, 124
Spirit of the Times (magazine), 113
Sports Illustrated (magazine), 444
Spring Creek Towers, 212
Sprout, M. Betty, 352
Spuyten Duyvil, 210
Spyr, Lawrence N., 479n11
Squibb, 332
Squibb, Edward Robinson, 332
Squier, Frank, 103
standardization, 312
Standard Time Act (1918), 317
Stangarone, Joseph, Portrait photograph of Columbus and Balbo, 292
St. Ann’s Church, 359
Stanwyck, Barbara, 12
Starrett City, 212
State Board of Health, 136, 139
State Historic Preservation Office, 73
Staten Island, 58
St. Augustine, Florida, 451
Stead, William, 190
Steeplechase Horses (ride), 170, 188, 448
Steeplechase Park, 13, 109, 170–71, 179, 183–84, 186, 187, 188–89, 191–92, 330, 331, 429, 447–58, 448, 449, 453
Steers, Alfred E., 231
Stein, Clarence S., 369
Stengel, Casey, 437
sterilization, 236–38
Stern, Michael, 434
Stern, Robert A. M., 411
Stevenson, Frederick Boyd, 97
Stevenson, James W., 221
Stewart, Patrick, 73
Stiles, Henry, 5, 59–61, 65, 71; History of the City of Brooklyn, 67
Stiles, Henry R., 199–200
Stillwell, Nicholas, 55
Stillwell, William H., 169
Stilwell, G. W., 297
Stilwell Basin, 265
Stinson, Katherine “Kay,” 159–60, 161, 162, 162, 164, 265
Stirling, Lord, 61–65
St. John’s College School of Law, 309
St. Lawrence Seaway, 209
St. Louis, Missouri, 450
St. Louis Sunday Republic (newspaper), 176
Storrow, James J., 226
Storrs, Richard S., 8
Stover, Charles Bunstein, 221, 248, 253, 485n12
Stowe, Harriet Beecher, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 35
Stranahan, James S. T., 8, 87–89, 87, 91, 94, 100
Straus, Nathan, Jr., 250
Streisand, Barbra, 12
strikes. See labor strikes; rent strikes
Strome Kill, 19–22, 25, 27, 44, 241
Strong, James H., 330
Strong, William L., 137
Study Group on New York Housing and Neighbor-hood Improvement, 411, 417
Stutz Bearcats, 157
Stuyvesant, Peter, 25, 52, 56, 107–8
subway, 219, 225, 283–84, 304, 338, 488n20
Suggs, Robert C., 68
Sullivan, John, 61
Sundeen, Belle, 374
Sunset Park, 9, 213, 311, 385, 387, 462
superblocks, 355, 357, 372, 376, 399, 407, 410
Superfund sites, 199
Surf Avenue, 317
Surf House restaurant and bathing pavilion, 170
Sutter Avenue, 413
Suydam, Jennie M., 314
Swanstrom, J. Edward, 316
Swift, Frank, 134
Swift, Gustavus, 129
Swift-McNutt wrecking company, 166
swimming pools, segregation of, 451–52, 454–55
Tacitus, 238
Taft, William Howard, 152
Tambasco, Giovanni, 203
Tammany Hall, 120, 219, 227, 245, 248, 304
Tange, Kenzo, 410
Tappan Indians, 43
Task Force on Urban Design, 411
tattoo parlor, 366
Team 10, 410
Technical Color and Chemical Works, 68
Temko, Allan, 412
Temple Street, New Haven, 84–85, 85
Terhune, John, map of Gravesend, 46–47
terminal moraine, 3–5, 32, 59–60, 87, 197, 207, 296, 299, 303, 307
Third Avenue elevated train, 385
Thirty-Ninth New York Volunteers, 136
Thompson, DeLloyd, 159
Thompson, Everard “Tommy,” 147, 153–55, 164
Thompson, Frederic, 171
Thompson, Olivette, 375
Thorshov & Cerny, 440
The Threatened City (report), 411
Three Stooges. See Horwitz brothers
Thunder (ship), 59
Tilden, Samuel J., 117
Tilyou, Edward, 330
Tilyou, Frank S., 455–56
Tilyou, George C., 12, 109, 170–71, 176, 179, 181, 183–84, 186, 188–93, 316, 449, 457
Tilyou, George C., Jr., 450
Tilyou, Marie, 456
Tishman Realty, 407
Title I, Housing Act (1949), 335
Toleration Act (1649), 44
Topographical Bureau of Queens, 99
topography, 3–4, 16, 35, 229, 250
Toscanini, Arturo, 165
Tower Apartments, Brooklyn Heights, 241
tower-in-the-park model, 370, 372
town planning, 45, 48, 50–51, 53–55, 261; images, 46–47, 49, 50, 54, 55, 56. See also urbanism and urban planning
Townsend, Gavin, 306
Tree Planting and Fountain Society of Brooklyn, 86, 336
Trinity Church, Manhattan, 78
Trinity Freight Terminal, 212
A Trip to the Moon (ride), 171
Tri-State Transportation Commission, 424
Trittoni, Romolo, 164
Trump, Elizabeth, 320
Trump, Fred, 59, 320–24, 429–30, 435, 453, 457, 458
Trump Homes, 323
Tryon, William, 209
tryworks. See rendering plants
tuberculosis, 358
Tudor Homes Corporation, 308
Tudor revival, 305–7, 307, 308–9, 311, 315, 319–20, 324, 325
Tuemmler, Fred W., 393
Tugwell, Rexford Guy, 346, 388, 422
tungsten-filament lamps, 462–65
Turturro, John, 12
Tuskegee Institute, 220
Tuttle, Arthur C., 15
Tuttle, Arthur S., 266
Twentieth Ward, 358
Twenty-Third Regiment Armory, 319
typhus, 361
Tyson, Mike, 12
Udemans, Godefridus, 34
Underground Railroad, 5, 34–38, 216
Union League, 108
Union racetrack, Queens, 108
Unisphere, 207
United Electrical Workers, 332
United States Colored Troops, 36
United States Exhibition (Moscow, 1959), 383
United States World’s Fair Commission, 247
Universal Negro Improvement Association, 289
University Club of New York, 108
UONA Home Corporation, 308
Urban Design Council, 496n14
Urban Design Group, 411–12
urbanism and urban planning, 82–83, 96–97, 221–33, 239, 321, 336, 338–57, 370, 393, 395, 409–12, 418–28, 430, 442–43; images, 92–93, 97, 102–3, 337, 342, 344, 345, 349, 350, 352, 353, 354, 355, 393, 394. See also development, of Brooklyn; town planning
urban renewal, 334–36, 410, 417, 431, 434, 442
US Bill of Rights, 52
US Bureau of Internal Revenue, 134
US Commerce Department, 272, 282
US Commission of Fine Arts, 348
US Justice Department, 450
US Post Office Department, 282, 285
US War Department, 148, 201, 279, 311
Utica Avenue subway, 268
Van Alen, William, 313
Van Brunt, Adrian, 66
Van Brunt, James Ryder, Van Brunt Homestead, 31
Van Brunt Homestead, 31
Van Buskirk, Clarence Randall, 436
van Corlaer, Jacobus, 22
Vanderbilt, Gertrude Lefferts, 30, 31
Vanderbilt, William K., 99, 112
Vanderveer, John C., 35
van Gordon, Cyrena, 165
van Rensselaer, Kiliaen, 25
van Salee, Anthony Jansen, 44, 52, 471n8
Van Wyck, Frederick, 20–22, 25, 35, 86; Keska-chauge, 21
Van Wyck, Robert A., 20, 120, 139, 140, 219
Van Wyck Expressway, 401
Vaux, Calvert, 3, 74, 79, 81, 87, 89–94, 137, 253; Design for Prospect Park in the City of Brooklyn, 92–93; plan view of a portion of Eastern Parkway, 97
Veazey, Edward, 63
Vecht-Cortelyou house, 61, 64, 67
Verdi, Giuseppe: Aida, 164–65, 165; Requiem, 164
Verrazzano, Giovanni da, 3
Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge, 406, 408
Versailles, France, 239, 250, 254
Veugny, Gabriel, Marché de la Madeleine, Paris, 192
Victrola phonograph, 245
Viele, Egbert Ludovicus, 80–81, 88–90, 137; Sanitary and topographical map of the City and Island of New York, 88–89, 89
Vieux Carré Riverfront Expressway, 403, 428
Villa d’Este, Tivoli, 394–95, 394
Villalpandus, Juan Bautista, 48
Vincennes (ship), 328
Vinegar Hill, 134, 359–60, 459
Vin Fiz, 150–51
Vin Fiz Flyer, 150–52
Vin-Fiz semiofficial stamp, 152
Vingboons, Johannes, 18
Vitolo, Carmine, 165
Volpe, John A., 428
von Donop, Carl, 59
von Knyphausen, Wilhelm, 59
voting rights, 220
Wade, Henry Clay Russell, 183–84, 188–90
Wadsworth, Alexander, 75
Wadsworth, James, A Plan of the Town of New Haven, 50
Wagner, Joseph, 139
Wagner, Richard F., Jr., 406, 432, 442
Walker, Jimmy “Beau James,” 242, 243, 246, 248, 251–52, 255, 266, 268, 303, 339
Walker, Warren R., “At the Steeplechase,” 109
Wallabout Bay, 199, 328, 358–59
Wallace, James, The Phoenix and the Rose engaged by the Enemy’s Fire ships and Galleys on the 16 August, 1776, 59
Walsh, George Ethelbert, 201, 202
Walsh, Kevin, 101
Walt Whitman Park, 355
Wanamaker, Rodman, 275
Wang, Jessica, 127
Wantagh, 35
Ward, John Henry, 210, 212, 331
Wards Island, 22
Waring, George E., 136–37, 139
War on Poverty, 431
Warren, Whitney, Piazza del Popolo, 222, 336, 337
Washburne, Hempstead, 120
Washington, Booker T., 220–21, 235, 353
Washington, George, 28, 59–65, 64, 149, 245, 247, 247, 490n13
Washington Bicentennial Commission, 245, 304, 306, 490n13
Washington Bicentennial Exposition, 245–46
Washington, DC, 422
Washington Parks (ball fields), 436
Washington Square Park, Manhattan, 86
Washington Street, 343
Wasserstein, Wendy, 12
waste processing, 137–44
watermelon race, 407
Wawamatt Tappa, 124
Weaver, Caity, 73
Weckquaesgeek Indians, 43
Wedgewood Village amusement park, Oklahoma City, 450
Wedlock, Robert, 138
Weehawken, New Jersey, 16
Weeksville, 36
Weinrich, John, perspective rendering of Brooklyn College campus, 306
Weismann, Henry, 163
Wellman, Judith, 36
Wengenroth Company, 308
Westchester County Park Commission, 351, 381
Westchester County Park System, 382
West End subway, 304
West India Company. See Dutch West India Company
West Indies, 30
Westminster Confession of Faith, 218
West Riding of Yorkshire, 3, 57
West Side Improvement, 383
West Side Story (musical), 367
West Side Tennis Club, Forest Hills, Queens, 454
West Temple, 107
West Thirtieth Street, 452
whales, 132
Wheelwright, Robert, 248
Whiskey Wars (1870s), 134
White, Alfred Tredway, 231, 232, 241, 243, 257, 341
White, Bouck, 273
White, Stanford, 343; pedestal for Stranahan monument, 87
White City, World’s Columbian Exposition (Chicago, 1893), 171, 227, 299
White family, 137. See also P. White and Sons
Whitehead, Colson, 168
Whitehead, Russell, 324
White Star Line, 201
Whitestone Bridge, 401
Whitford, Noble E., 204
Whitman, Walt, 4, 12, 333, 355, 379
Whitney, Edith Randolph, 243
Whitney, Gertrude Vanderbilt, 243
Whitney, Harry Payne, 243
Whitney, William C., 121, 242–43, 255, 485n5
Whitney Museum of American Art, 243
Wibecan, George E., Jr., 449–50
Wibecan, George E., Sr., 449
Wiggins, David, 116
Wilde, Oscar, 75
Wilder, Craig Steven, 30–31
Wildhack, Henry, Jr., 68, 68, 71; sketch map of father’s coal and coke yard, 70
Wildhack coal and coke yard, 69, 70
Willcox, Walter F., 484n34
Willensky, Elliot, 412
William C. Whitney Wilderness Area, 242
Williams, Frank M., 204
Williamsburg, 3, 9, 11, 199, 316, 400, 460
Williamsburg Bridge, 221, 231, 404, 405, 413
Williamsburg Savings Bank, 141, 323
Wilson, James Q., 431
Wilson, Woodrow, 160, 237, 317
Wiltse, Jeff, 451–52
Windsor Terrace, 317–18
Winkfield, Jimmy “Wink,” 117
Winnie Mae (airplane), 287, 291
Winnipague, 25
Wodehouse, P. G., “Nesting Time in Flatbush,” 9, 296
Wolfe, Thomas, 399
Wolff, Max, 415
Women’s National Committee to Keep the United States Out of War, 294
Wood, Fernando, 81
Woodbury, Richard B., 68
Woods, Maurice, 450
Woodsworth, Michael, 433
Wooster Square renewal project, New Haven, 417, 420, 450
Workingman’s Cottages, Warren Place, Cobble Hill, 241
working waterfront, 201
Works Progress Administration (WPA), 272–73, 286, 339
World Harbor, 195–215, 196, 214, 265, 331, 406
World’s Columbian Exposition (Chicago, 1893), 170, 171, 174, 227, 243–45, 299
World Series, 10, 330, 429, 441, 444
World’s Fair (New York, 1939), 2, 246–47, 322, 330, 352, 369, 401, 423, 439–40, 456
World’s Fair (New York, 1964), 207
World’s Fair Corporation, 247, 422–23
World War I, 160, 162–64, 208, 237, 301, 351
World War II, 13, 294, 326–30, 374, 388
Wortely, Emmeline, 85
WPA. See Works Progress Administration
Wright, Frank Lloyd, 163
Wright, Wilbur, 265
Wright brothers, 273
Wright Flying School, 149
Wrightstown, Pennsylvania, 54–55
Yale, Elihu, 48
Yale, Thomas, 48
Yale Bowl, 154
Yankee Stadium, Bronx, 308
Yauch, Adam, 12
Yorktown (aircraft carrier), 329
Young, Whitney M., Jr., 496n14
Young Men’s Democratic Club, 316
Zipp, Sandy, 335
Zola, Emile, Le Ventre de Paris, 192
Zukin, Sharon, 461