Abbreviations and Transliterations
Abbreviations
General
ASV | American Standard Version |
ca. | about, approximately |
cf. | compare, confer |
ch., chs. | chapter, chapters |
e.g. | for example |
etc. | and so forth |
ESV | English Standard Version |
GNT | Good News Translation |
i.e. | that is |
KJV | King James (Authorized) Version |
lit. | literally, literal |
NASB | New American Standard Version |
NEB | New English Bible |
NRSV | New Revised Standard Version |
NT | New Testament |
OT | Old Testament |
P | papyrus |
p., pp. | page, pages |
REB | Revised English Version |
v., vv. | verse, verses (in the chapter being commented on) |
Standard abbreviations of month names are also sometimes used, as well as a few other common abbreviations.
The following OT and NT abbreviations reflect the cross reference and concordance abbreviation first, followed by the abbreviation used elsewhere if different.
The Old Testament
The New Testament
Transliterations
A simplified system has been used for transliterating words from ancient Biblical languages into English. The only transliterations calling for comment are these:
Transliteration | Pronunciation |
ʾ | Glottal stop |
ḥ | Similar to the “ch” in the German word Buch |
ṭ | Similar to the “t” in the verb “tear” |
ʿ | Similar to the glottal stop |
ṣ | Similar to the “ts” in “hits” |
ś | Similar to the “s” in “sing” |