Contents

List of Illustrations

List of Maps

Acknowledgements

Preface

1

The Congress of Paris

2

Political and Social Reform in Russia

3

The Ottoman Empire

4

The Eastern Question

5

The Approach to War

6

Recourse to Arms

7

The Russian Army

8

The Ottoman Army

9

Command of the Sea

10

Plans of Campaign

11

The Barboshi Bridge

12

The Crossing of the Danube

13

Gourko

14

Krüdener

15

Osman

16

Mukhtar

17

Batum

18

Zevin

19

Eski Zagra

20

Suleiman at Shipka

21

Karahassankoi

22

Cerkovna

23

Lovtcha

24

The Third Battle of Plevna: The Assault

25

Aftermath

26

The Great Powers Watch: May-September 1877

27

Catastrophe on God’s Mountain

28

The Camel’s Neck

29

The Storming of Kars

30

Gorni Dubnik

31

Baba Konak

32

The Fall of Plevna

33

Elena

34

Tashkessen

35

Philippopolis

36

Shenovo

37

The Great Powers after Plevna

38

Armistice

39

San Stefano

40

The Congress of Berlin

41

Conclusion

Appendices

I

Strengths of Russian Infantry and Cavalry Regiments 1877

II

Order of Battle Russian Army of the South March 3 1877

III

Order of Battle of the Roumanian Army, March 1877

IV

Order of Battle, Russian Army of the Caucasus, March 1877

V

Bulgarian Legion, May 1877

VI

Strength of the Turkish Army of the Danube, June 1877

VII

Order of Battle, Turkish Army of Plevna, July 29 1877

VIII

Order of Battle, Russian Army at Plevna, July 30 1877

IX

Ammunition Expenditure of the Russian Army at the Second Battle of Plevna, July 30 1877

X

Russian Reinforcements to Bulgaria, August 15 1877

XI

Order of Battle, Turkish Army of the Danube, August 1877

XII

Order of Battle of the Roumanian 3rd and 4th Infantry Divisions, August 30 1877

XIII

Order of Battle, Turkish Army of Plevna, September 6 1877

XIV

List of the Turkish Fortifications and Positions at Plevna, with their Commanders and Garrisons, September 6 1877

XV

Order of Battle, Turkish Army of the Danube, October 1877

XVI

Disposition and Strength of the Turkish Army of the Quadrilateral, October 1877

XVII

Bulgarian Legion, October 1877

XVIII

Order of Battle, Turkish Army of the West, November 1877

XIX

Order of Battle, Turkish Army of Plevna, December 10 1877

XX

Distribution of the Russian Army in Bulgaria, December 25 1877

Glossary

Notes

Bibliography