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Toni Morrison, Interview mit Stephen Colbert, 2014 Kwame Nkrumah, Rede zur Unabhängigkeit Ghanas, 1957 Jean-Jacques Hublin, zit. n.: Oldest Homo sapiens fossil claim rewrites our species’ history, Ewan Callaway, 2017, Nature, 8.6.2017 Überschrift: Alan Morris, zit. n.: The Great Human Migration, Smithsonian Magazine, 2008. Unten: Guy Gugliotta, zit. n.: The Great Human Migration, Smithsonian Magazine, 2008 Toby Wilkinson, The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt, 2010 Shomarka Keita, Studies and Comments on Ancient Egyptian Biological Relationships, History in Africa, 1993 Cheikh Anta Diop, The African Origin of Civilisation Osiris-Hymnen, Ägyptisches Totenbuch, ca. 1275 v. Chr. Gamal Mokhtar, General History of Africa, 1981 R. Bosworth Smith, Carthage and the Carthaginians, 1894 Alexander Pope, Die Dunciad, 1727 Caliph Omar, zit. n.: The Amazing Tale of the Library of Alexandria Part II, 2016 Cato der Ältere, zit. n.: Ben Kiernan, The First Genocide, Carthage, 146 BC, 2004 Cosmas Indicopleustes, zit. n.: BBC World Service: The Story of Africa König Ezana, zit. n.: Stuart Munro-Hay, Aksum: An African Civilization of Late Antiquity, 1991 C. P. Groves, The Planting of Christianity in Africa, 1948 Eusebius von Caesarea, Ecclesiastical Histories, 4. Jhdt. V. Chr. Thomas C. Oden, How Africa Shaped the Christian Mind, 2007 Ibrahim al-Fazari, Journal of African History, 1968 Abu Ubayd al-Bakri, The Book of Roads and Kingdoms, 1067–1068 Dausi, Epos der Soninke, zit. n.: The Royal Kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhay, Patricia & Frederick McKissack, 1994 Amr ibn al-As, zit. n.: Robert Morgan, History of the Coptic Orthodox People and the Church of Egypt, 2016 Ibn ’Abd al-Hakam, Futuh Misr, 9. Jhdt., zit. n.: The history of the conquest of Egypt Ibn Battuta, Travels in Asia and Africa, 1353 Stanley Lane Poole, Story oft he Moors in Spain, 1886 Isaac Albéniz, zit. n.: Walter Aaron Clark Isaac Albéniz, Portrait of a Romantic, 1999 Abu Abdallah Muhammad XII The History of Al-Tabari, Vol.36: The Revolt of the Zanj, 1992 Ali ibn Muhammad Überschrift: Al-Idrissi, Book of Rodger, 1153. Unten: Abu Ubayd al-Bakri, The Book of Roads and Kingdoms, 1067–68 Abu Bakr Ibn Umar, zit. n.: Nehemia Levtzion, Ancient Ghana and Mali, 1980 Stefan Eisenhofer and Jacob Egharevba, The Origins of the Benin Kingship in the Works of Jacob Egharevba, 1995 Sinhab al-Din, 16. Jhdt. Sundiata Keita, Sunjata, 13. Jhdt. Sundiata Keita, Sunjata, 13. Jhdt. Shihab al-Din al-Umari, 1327 Marabout Ismaila, zit. n.: Jean Louis Bourgeois, The Great Mosques of Djenné, 1987 Ibn Fadlallah al-Umari, zit. n.: J. Spencer Trimingham Islam in Ethiopia, 1965 Senegalesisches Sprichwort, zit. n.: Gerd de Ley, African Proverbs, 1999 Eduardo Galeano, Mirrors: Stories of Almost Everyone, 2010 Elisabeth I., Letters Permitting Deportation of Blackamoors from England, 1596 aus Henrie Anthonie Jettos Testament, 1626 Elisabeth I., 1596 Afonso I, Letter to the king of Portugal, 1526 Amrith Rohan Perera, UN General Assembly, 2018 Papst Nikos V., Dum Diversas, 1596 Ottobah Cugoano, Narrative of the Enslavement of Ottobah Cugoano, a Native of Africa, 1787 Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua, Biographie von Mahommah G. Baquaqua, 1854 Mary Prince, The History of Mary Prince, 1831 Traditionelles Afroamerikanisches Spiritual, 1870 Barney Stone, zit. n.: Library of Congress Carl Boone, zit. n.: Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States, 2020 Mary Prince, The History of Mary Prince, 1831 Antonio de Montesinos, zit. n.: George Sanderlin: Bartolome de Las Casas: Witness: Writing of Bartolome de Las Casas., 1993 Perez de Ribas, Coronica y historia religiosa, zit. n.: The First Liberator of the Americas, 2008 Perez de Ribas, Coronica y historia religiosa, zit. n.: The First Liberator of the Americas, 2008 Luis de Velasco, zit. n.: Philip Russel, The History of Mexico: From Pre-Conquest to Present, 2010 Toña La Negra, Yo Soy Mulata zit. n.: Antonio Olliz Boyd, The Latin American identity and the African diaspora, 2010 Königin Nzinga, zit. nach Cavazzi de Montecoccolo Königin Nzinga, Brief an den Gouverneur von Angola, 1655 Kenneth Bilby, True-Born Maroons, 2005 Henry Louis Gates Jr., Wonders of the African World Yaa Asantewaa, 1901 A. Kyerematen, The Royal Stools of Ashanti, 1969 Evelynn M. Hammonds, zit. n.: California Newsreel, Race: The Power of an Illusion, 2003 Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, Observations on the Bodily Conformation and Mental Capacities of the Negroes, 1787 Ta-Nehisi Coates, Between the World and Me, 2015 Heide Brandes, Belize’s thriving Afro-Caribbean community, 2018 Christopher Taylor, The Black Carib Wars, 2012 Überschrift: Mike Dash, Dahomey Women Warriors, Smithsonian Magazine, 2011. Unten: Frederick E. Forbes, Dahomey and the Dahomans, 1852 Louisianas Code Noir, 1724 Louisianas Code Noir, 1724 Gravur einer Josiah Wedgewood Medaille, 1787 Ottobah Cugoano, Thoughts and Sentiments on the Evil of Slavery, 1787 Diane Shaw, A True Friend of the Cause: Lafayette and the Antislavery Movement, 2016 Frederick Douglass, Rede zum 4. Juli, 1852 John Woolman, The Works of John Woolman, 1818 Überschrift: Sojourner Truth, Ain’t I a Woman?, 1851. Unten: Frederick Douglass, My Bondage and my Freedom, 1855 Sarah Parker Remond, Rede in Liverpool, 1859 Zit. n.: J.B. Peires, The Central Beliefs of the Xhosa Cattle-Killing, Journal of African History, 1987 Mtutuzeli Matshoba, The story of Nongqawuse, 2009 Olaudah Equiano, Merkwürdige Lebensgeschichte des Sklaven Olaudah Equiano, 1990 Unabhängigkeitserklärung von Haiti, 1804 Links: Who was Dutty Boukman? Boukman Academy. Mitte: zit. n. Charles Forsdick, Christian Høgsbjerg, Toussaint Louverture: A Black Jaco-bin in the Age of Revolutions, 2017. Rechts: Toussaint Louverture, Rede am Camp Turel, 1793 Oben: zit. n.: Marlene L. Daut, The Wrongful Death of Toussaint Louverture, History Today, 2020. Unten: Haitianische Verfassung, 1801 Oben: Toussaint Louverture zit. n.: The Toussaint Louverture Historical Society. Unten: Baron de Vastey, Réflexions sur une lettre de Mazères, 1816. William Still, The Underground Railroad, 1872 Harriet Tubman, Rede beim Frauenwahlrechtskongress, 1896 Thomas Garrett, Verteidigungsrede, 1793 Abd Allah Dan Fodio, zit. n.: Sarah Eltantawi, Shari’ah, On Trial: Northern Nigeria’s Islamic Revolution, 2017 Zit. n.: E. A. Ritter, Shaka Zulu: The Rise of the Zulu Empire, 1955 Settlement of Liberia and Americo-Liberian Rule Rosabella Burke, Brief an Mary Custis Lee, The African Repository and Colonial Journal, 1859 Nat Turner, The Confessions of Nat Turner, 1968 Nat Turner, The Confessions of Nat Turner, 1968 G. A. Akinọla, Slavery and Slave Revolts in the Sultanate of Zanzibar in the Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria, 1972 Tidiane N’Diaye, zit. n.: East Africa’s Forgotten Slave Trade, 2019 Frederick Douglass, Men of Colour, to Arms, Rede, 1863 Oben: Emanzipationsproklamation, U.S. Nationalarchiv, 1863. Unten: Martin Robison Delany, The Condition, Elevation, Emigration, and Destiny of the Colored People of the United States, 1852 W.E.B Du Bois, Black Reconstruction in America, 1860–1880, 1935 William T. Sherman, Special Field Order No.15, U.S. Nationalarchiv, 1865 Links: Blanche K. Bruce, Rede vor dem U.S.-Senat, 1876. Mitte: Frederick Douglass, Rede vor der American Arts Society in New York City, 1855. Rechts: Fünfter Zusatz zur US-Verfassung. Überschrift: Barry Morton and Jeff Ramsay, Historical Dictionary of Botswana, 2018. Unten: Walter Rodney, How Europe Underdeveloped Africa, 1972 Ismail Pasha, 1863, zit. n.: Cairo Under Ismail Pasha: A Divided City, 2020 US-Supreme Court, Urteil Plessy gegen Ferguson, 1896 Links: W.E.B Du Bois, Black Reconstruction in America, 1860–1880, 1935. Rechts: US-Supreme Court, Plessy v. Ferguson: Justice Harlan Dissents, 1896 W.E.B. Du Bois, Die Seelen der Schwarzen, 2008 Baffour Ankomah, zit. n.: Ekarika Nanna, Closing debate on Africa, 2017 Lei Áurea, Brasilien, 1888 Zit. n.: Fentahun Tiruneh, Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia and the Battle of Adwa: A Pictorial History, Library of Congress, 2020 Oben: Vertrag von Wichale, Äthiopien-Italien, 1889. Unten: Gebre Selassie, Tarika zaman Zadagmawi Menilek Negusa Nagast ZeItyopya, 1966 Überschrift: George Padmore, Pan-Africanism or Communism?, 1956. Unten: UNIA, Declaration of the Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World, 1920 George Padmore, Pan-Africanism or Communism?, 1956 Hannibal B. Johnson, zit. n.: Alexis Clark, Tulsa’s ‚Black Wall Street’ Flourished as a Self-Contained Hub in early 1900s, 2019 Ralph Ellison, Rede an der Brown University, 1979 Nicolas van Ryk, Ein fataler Krieg, Die Welt, 2004 Jan-Philippe Schlüter und Christiane Habermalz, Ringen um die Anerkennung der deutschen Schuld, Deutschlandfunk Kultur, 2017 Nduta Waweru, Kinjeketile Ngwale, The prophet who led Tanganyika against German colonialists, Face2Face Africa, 2018 Gilbert Gwassa, The Outbreak and Development of the Maji War, 1905–1907, 2005 Ulli Kulke, Als Deutschland seinen Platz an der Sonne forderte, Die Welt, 2013 Ludwig Deppe, zit. n.: Sven Felix Kellerhoff, Der letzte deutsche General kapituliert in Afrika, Die Welt, 2018 Übersetzung von A Voz da Raça, afro-brasilianische Zeitung Oben: O Menelik, 1916, zit. n.: Andrews, G., Black Political Protest in Sao Paulo, 1888-1988, Journal of Latin American Studies, 1992. Unten: O Clarim de Alvorada, 1929, zit. n.: Andrews, G., Black Political Protest in Sao Paulo, 1888-1988, Journal of Latin American Studies, 1992 James Weldon Johnson, On Blackness, 1894 W.E.B. Du Bois, Criteria of Negro Art, 1926 Langston Hughes, The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain, The Nation, 1926 Langston Hughes, The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain, The Nation, 1926 Thelonious Monk, zit. n.: Adam Bradley, Progress, 2010 Kojo Tovalou Houénou, L’Esclavagisme colonial, Les Continents, 1924 Überschrift: Madame Nwanyeruwa, zit. n.: Riot or Rebellion? The Women’s Market Rebellion of 1929, American Historical Association. Unten: Madame Nwanyeruwa, zit. n.: Owei Lakemfa, Women’s Day: Nigerian Women and the Struggle for Social Liberation, Premium Times Opinion, 2019 Marcus Garvey, zit. n.: E. Cashmore u. B. Troyna, Black Youth in Crisis, 1982 Dempsey Travis, America in the 20th century, 1940–1949, 1995 Eusebio Mbiuki, zit. n.: Britain’s Abandoned Black Soldiers, 2019 J.G. Thompson, Brief an den Pittsburgh Courier, 1942 John Richards, Windrush Arrivals, BBC 2014 Nelson Mandela, Amtsantrittsrede, Pretoria, 1994 Überschrift: B.A. Ogot, Politics, Culture and Music in Central Kenya, 2002. Unten: Bildad Kaggia, zit. n.: Daniel Branch, The Enemy within, The Journal of African History, 2007 Linda Brown, Rede zum Urteil des US-Supreme Court, Brown gegen Board of Education, 2004 Chief Justice Earl Warren, Urteil US-Supreme Court Brown gegen Board of Education, 1954 Oben: Charles Burks, zit. n.: Nathan A. Sowah, Redemption of a Dream, 2017. Unten: Urteil US-Supreme Court Brown gegen Board of Education II, 1955 Überschrift: Mamie Till-Mobley, zit. n.: Maureen Corrigan, »Let the People See«: It Took Cour-age to Keep Emmett Till’s Memory Alive, npr.org, 2018. Unten: Mamie Till Mobley, How Emmett Till Changed the World, 1996 Rosa Parks, Rosa Parks: My Story, 1992 Kwame Nkrumah, Rede zur Unabhängigkeit Ghanas, 1957 Kwame Nkrumah, Rede vor der UNO, 1960 Global Fund For Women, Our Feminism Says: Black Lives Matter, 2020 Audre Lorde, The Master’s Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master’s House, 1984 Bell Hooks, Feminismus für alle, 2022 Martin Luther King Jr., Rede beim Marsch auf Washington, 1963 A. Philip Randolph, Rede beim Marsch auf Washington, 1963 Amy Appleby, The Library of Folk Songs, 1999 Martin Luther King Jr., Rede beim Marsch auf Washington, 1963 Nnamdi Azikiwe, Respect for Human Dignity, Amtsantrittsrede, Nigeria, 1960 Überschrift: Stokely Carmichael, Rede, University of California, Berkeley, 1966. Unten: Malcolm X, The Ballot or the Bullet, 1964 Rokhaya Diallo, France’s Dangerous Move to Remove »Race« From Its Constitution, Washington Post, 2018 Pepper LaBeija, Paris is Burning, 1991 Alex Wheatle, Interview, Museum of London Website, 2020 Oben: Alex Wheatle, The Battle for Brixton, BBC 2, 2006. Unten: Alex Wheatle, Black Thrive, 2020 Audre Lorde an May Ayim und Katharina Oguntoye, RosaMag, 2022 Überschrift: Jose de Sosa, ABC-Nachrichtenvideo, 1981. Unten: Tom Bradley, Bradley Blasts »Bigotry« of Police Officers, L.A. Times Archives, 1991 The Macpherson Report, 1999 Philip Gourevitch, Wir möchten Ihnen mitteilen, daß wir morgen mit unseren Familien umgebracht werden, 1999 Kofi Annan, Rede auf dem Ruanda-Forum, 2004 Hailemariam Dessalegn, Rede vor der UNO-Generalversammlung, 2013 Pascal Lamy, Rede an der Universität Nairobi, 2013 Barack Obama, Rede zum Wahlsieg, 2008 Barack Obama, Rede vor dem US-Kongress, 2009 Alicia Garza, Love Letter to Black Folks, 2013, zit. n.: ASA footnotes, 2020 Alicia Garza, Love Letter to Black Folks, 2013, zit. n.: ASA footnotes, 2020 blacklivesmatter.com Links: Präsidentiale Verfügung zum Thema Sichere Polizeiarbeit, 2020. Rechts: Gary Younge, Interview, New Economics Foundation, 2020 Brittany Packnett, zit. n.: Wesley Lowery, Black Lives Matter: Birth of a Movement, The Guardian, 2017 Marimba Ani, To Be African, Hartford, 1999 John Henrik Clarke, zit. n.: Margaret Dwight Barrett, Philip Carey, The Diaspora: Introduction to Africana Studies, 2003